Disparities by Race in Pregnancy Care and Clinical Outcomes in Women With Multiple Sclerosis: A Diverse Multicenter Cohort.

Background And Objectives: Racial disparities exist in both neurologic and obstetric populations, underscoring the importance of evaluating pregnancy outcomes in diverse women with multiple sclerosis (MS). The objective of this multicenter retrospective study was to compare pregnancy care and outcomes between Black and Hispanic (underrepresented) and White women with MS.

Methods: Demographic and clinical data were extracted from medical records of 9 US MS centers for women with MS/clinically isolated syndrome who delivered live births between 2010 and 2021.

Correlation of Patient Profiles and Biomarkers with Outcomes in Covid-19 Icu Patients: A Retrospective Analysis.

Background: COVID-19 is a novel disease with a highly variable and unpredictable clinical course. Various clinicodemographic factors and numerous biomarkers have been identified in studies from the West and marked as possible predictors of severe illness and mortality which may be used to triage patients for early aggressive care. This triaging becomes even more significant in resource-limited critical care settings of the Indian subcontinent.

Effect of prone positioning and high flow nasal oxygen on oxygenation and overall outcome in spontaneously breathing awake patient with severe COVID-19 induced acute hypoxemic respiratory failure: A prospective observational study.

Background: Previous studies suggest that prone positioning can increase PaO/FiO and reduce mortality in moderate to severe acute respiratory distress syndrome. Effect of prone positioning and high flow nasal oxygen has been studied individually in COVID-19 patients but their combined effect on patient's outcome is yet to be reported.

Methods: In this study 120 severe COVID-19 positive patients were included and placed in awake prone positioning with high flow nasal oxygen.

Fiber-optic Bronchoscope-guided vs Mini-surgical Technique of Percutaneous Dilatational Tracheostomy in Intensive Care Units.

Background: Percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy (PCDT) using fiber-optic bronchoscope (FOB) is a widely practiced technique, but its availability and cost remain a concern in nations with limited resources. Mini-surgical technique of PCDT incorporating minimal blunt dissection has shown improved results even without the use of FOB. The study is primarily intended to compare these two techniques and establish a safer cost-effective alternative to FOB-guided PCDTs.

Comparative evaluation of dexmedetomidine and fentanyl in total intravenous anesthesia for laparoscopic cholecystectomy: A randomised controlled study.

Background And Aims: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is one of the commonly performed ambulatory surgeries. The selection of anesthetic agents for ambulatory surgeries should be done bearing in mind the need for early discharge. Opioids form an integral component of total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) but their associated side effects may result in an increased hospital stay.

Event-Based Near-Eye Gaze Tracking Beyond 10,000 Hz.

The cameras in modern gaze-tracking systems suffer from fundamental bandwidth and power limitations, constraining data acquisition speed to 300 Hz realistically. This obstructs the use of mobile eye trackers to perform, e.g.

Comeback of ketamine: resurfacing facts and dispelling myths.

Initially known as CI-581, ketamine was first synthesized in 1962 as a replacement from phencyclidine. It has since been used as an anesthetic and analgesic. In addition, it has bronchodilating, sedative, and amnestic properties, preserving airway reflexes and sympathetic nervous system tone.

Acute Cerebrovascular Events With COVID-19 Infection.

Background And Purpose: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been associated with an increased incidence of thrombotic events, including stroke. However, characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 patients with stroke are not well known.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational study of risk factors, stroke characteristics, and short-term outcomes in a large health system in New York City.

Single-point versus double-point injection technique of ultrasound-guided supraclavicular block: A randomized controlled study.

Background And Aims: This study aims to compare the single-point injection and double-point injection technique of ultrasound-guided supraclavicular block with regard to the success rate, time taken to perform the procedure, onset and duration of sensory and motor block, and complications.

Material And Methods: A total of 60 American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I and II patients between 20 and 50 years of age, with body mass index ≤30 kg/m posted for forearm surgeries, with anticipated surgical duration more than 1 h were randomly divided into two groups: group S (single-point injection) and group D (double-point injection technique). After locating the brachial plexus with ultrasound, needle was inserted from lateral to medial direction to reach the plexus.

I-Gel as an intubation conduit: Comparison of three different types of endotracheal tubes.

Background And Aims: I-Gel, a novel SAD has been introduced as a ventilating device but has widely gained popularity as conduit for intubation. Unlike intubating laryngeal mask airway (ILMA), I-Gel does not have an endotracheal tube specially designed for it. Hence the aim of this study was to compare the rate of successful intubation via I-Gel using three different types of endotracheal tubes.

Entropy vs standard clinical monitoring using total intravenous anesthesia during transvaginal oocyte retrieval in patients for in vitro fertilization.

Study Objective: Day care surgery is an important arena for monitors of anesthetic depth where minimizing drug use is essential for rapid turnover. Underdosage, on the other hand, carries the risks of intraoperative awareness and pain. Transvaginal oocyte retrieval (TVOR), often performed under total intravenous anesthesia using propofol and fentanyl in Indian patients, is a procedure of special interest because, in addition to the above concerns, toxic effects of propofol on oocytes have been described.

Anaesthesia for in vitro fertilisation.

In vitro fertilization is an upcoming speciality. Anaesthesia during assisted reproductive technique is generally required during oocyte retrieval, which forms one of the fundamental steps during the entire procedure. Till date variety of techniques like conscious sedation, general anaesthesia and regional anaesthesia has been tried with none being superior to the other.

Relation between central corneal thickness and intraocular pressure in Punjabi population.

Objective: The motive of this study was to determine the variation of central corneal thickness (CCT) in the Punjabi population and to examine its relationship with intraocular pressure (IOP) using a non-contact tonometer. The study and results emphasize the effects of age, sex and refraction on this relationship, which is important for the diagnosis and prevention of glaucoma in adequate time.

Methods: The study design was a cross-sectional, population-based survey.

Importance of hepatitis C coinfection in the development of QT prolongation in HIV-infected patients.

Background: Case reports and unblinded studies suggest that human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease is associated with QT prolongation and torsade de pointes ventricular tachycardia. Hepatitis C coinfection is common in patients with HIV disease, and cirrhosis is also associated with QT prolongation. We therefore undertook a systematic analysis of the role of liver injury, nutritional state, and coinfection with hepatitis C in the etiology of QT prolongation in HIV disease.

Diabetes and stress hyperglycemia associated with myocardial infarctions at an urban municipal hospital: prevalence and effect on mortality.

Municipal hospitals in large cities provide care for patients from immigrant and mixed ethnic communities that are at high risk for diabetes. Both diabetes and stress hyperglycemia increase the risk of adverse outcome after myocardial infarctions, and the impact of stress hyperglycemia on the outcome of myocardial infarctions in this particular setting has not been previously studied. We therefore undertook a retrospective cohort study to determine the prevalence of diabetes and stress hyperglycemia in patients presenting to a university-affiliated Bronx municipal hospital with myocardial infarction, and the relationship of these conditions to the extent of coronary disease and mortality.