Isolated renal mucormycosis masquerading as emphysematous pyelonephritis.

Mucormycosis is an acute, life-threatening infection and isolated renal involvement is rare. Due to the angioinvasive nature of the disease, it is rapidly progressive and can be lethal if not managed expeditiously. In patients with underlying conditions of immunosuppression, diabetes mellitus, transplantation, COVID-19, intravenous drug and substance use and pyelonephritis, which is unable to be controlled via regular antibiotics, mucormycosis must be considered on the differential and antifungals must be empirically started.

Role of Testicular Size as a Parameter for Predicting Infertility in Indian Males.

Context Background: While the semen analysis appears to be the cornerstone in the evaluation of male fertility, the testicular size is a cheap, easy, and convenient to measure yet an ignored parameter for predicting the same. There is insufficient literature for identifying the testicular size cutoff among the Indian men.

Aims: The study is aimed to correlate between the testicular volume and length with exocrine testicular function and to set a cutoff size for infertility in Indian men.

Technique of cavoatrial tumor thrombec-tomy without cardiopulmonary by-pass.

Introduction: Open surgery for tumor thrombi in atria is very challenging and are associated with significant morbidity and mortality rates. Here, we explore safety of foleys catheter assisted-technique, obviating the need for open surgery.

Material And Methods: We performed Radical nephrectomy via the midlineincision for renal cell carcinoma with tumor thrombus extending into the right atrium.