J Med Imaging Radiat Sci
November 2024
Background: Computed tomography (CT) has revolutionized medical imaging, enabling cross-sectional evaluation of the human body. The increasing utilization of iodinated contrast media (ICM) in contrast-enhanced CT scans has raised concerns about potential adverse reactions. This literature review investigates the efficacy of premedication regimens in preventing severe allergic reactions to intravenous ICM.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFemale social insects represent a dramatic exception of the evolutionarily conserved physiological trade-off between reproduction and life span, where aging is positively correlated with reproduction. However, whether this facet of life history also pertains to male social insects, remains largely unknown. Male honey bees (drones) die in the act of copulation, placing them under opposing selective pressures.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: This study was designed to assess the complications raised in different suture-passing techniques when fixating the Sacrospinous ligament for pelvic organ prolapse (POP).
Search Strategy: We searched PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Sciences, ProQuest, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Library, and performed a systematic review meta-analysis to assess complications when implementing different suture passings in fixating the sacrospinous ligament.
Selection Criteria: The inclusion and exclusion criteria for literature screening were predetermined to allow for a more rigorous process.
Objectives: This study investigated the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) before and during the mirror visual feedback (MVF) on hand grip strength (HGS) and range of motion of the affected hand in children with spastic hemiplegia cerebral palsy (SHCP).
Materials & Methods: Twelve children with SHCP participated in this randomized, crossover, and double-blind study. They were randomly exposed to one of four intervention conditions, including 1) a-tDCS-offline, 2) s-tDCS-offline, 3) a-tDCS-online, and 4) s-tDCS-online, with a one-week interval.
Background: We examined the inter-correlation between diet quality, objectively measured sleep duration, and subjectively measured sleep quality with flash glucose monitoring (FGM)-measured glycemia among young patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D).
Materials And Methods: Following cross-sectional design, Fitbit accelerometers were used to objectively assess sleep duration, while the validated questionnaires Pittsburgh sleep quality index and Mediterranean diet (MD) adherence were used to subjectively assess sleep quality and diet quality, respectively. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and FGM-reported glycemia components among children with T1D were assessed as well.
Deformed wing virus (DWV) has long been identified as a critical pathogen affecting honeybees, contributing to colony losses through wing deformities, neurological impairments, and reduced lifespan. Since DWV also affects other pollinators, it poses a significant threat to global pollination networks. While honeybees have been the focal point of DWV studies, emerging research indicates that this RNA virus is not host-specific but rather a generalist pathogen capable of infecting a wide range of insect species, including other bee species such as bumblebees and solitary bees, as well as wasps and ants.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
September 2024
We investigated the effect of repeated sessions of anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (a-tDCS) on subjective and objective measures of recovery, cognitive and sport-specific performance in professional soccer players following a soccer match simulation (SMS). Sixteen soccer players participated in this randomized, crossover, and sham-controlled study. They completed baseline assessments of well-being, total quality recovery (TQR), electromyographic activity (EMG) of the thigh muscles, countermovement jump (CMJ), and cognitive and Loughborough soccer passing test (LSPT) skills.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTranscranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) can increase cortical excitability of a targeted brain area. This study aimed to investigate the effect of adding anodal-tDCS (a-tDCS) to neuromuscular training (NMT) on the dynamic knee valgus (DKV) and feedforward activity (FFA) of knee muscles. Thirty-four Taekwondo athletes with DKV, were randomly assigned to either NMT + a-tDCS (N = 17) or NMT + sham tDCS (N = 17).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: This study investigated the effects of repetitive unihemispheric concurrent dual-site anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (a-tDCS) associated with the use of virtual reality games (VR) on the motor coordination of sedentary adolescent girls.
Methods: Thirty-six inactive adolescent girls were randomly assigned into 3 groups (n = 12 per group): (1) VR + a-tDCS, (2) VR + sham-tDCS, and (3) Control. The VR + a-tDCS and VR + s-tDCS groups received the intervention three times a week for four weeks.
Background: Maintaining patients' dignity is a key ethical requirement in healthcare and is emphasized in nursing standards. This issue is particularly significant for patients with schizophrenia because they face unique challenges such as physical and psychological difficulties, dependence on others, and social isolation, making them more vulnerable. Organizational factors can either threaten or preserve their dignity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImage forgery is one of the issues that can create challenges for law enforcement. Digital devices can easily Copy-move images, forging medical photos. In the insurance industry, forensics, and sports, image forgery has become very common and has created problems.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Digital devices can easily forge medical images. Copy-move forgery detection (CMFD) in medical image has led to abuses in areas where access to advanced medical devices is unavailable. Forgery of the copy-move image directly affects the doctor's decision.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnsuring food security and sustainable resource management has become a paramount global concern, prompting significant attention to land suitability analysis for enhancing agricultural production. In this study, an AHP-weighted overlay method was employed to delineate rice cultivation suitability in Guilan province, Iran, a central hub for rice production. Sixteen climatic, topographic, and soil variables were integrated, and individual maps were reclassified to align with the specific requisites for rice production.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Congenital generalized lipodystrophy (CGL) is a rare inherited disease characterized by a near-total absence of adipose tissue and is associated with organ system abnormalities and severe metabolic complications. Here, we have analyzed the disease characteristics of the largest CGL cohort from the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) who have not received lipodystrophy-specific treatment.
Methods: CGL was diagnosed clinically by treating physicians through physical assessment and supported by genetic analysis, fat loss patterns, family history, and the presence of parental consanguinity.
Background: Currently, antibiotic-resistant strains of Enterococcus are considered to be one of the critical health challenges globally. This study aimed to investigate the antibiotic susceptibility pattern, biofilm formation capacity, and virulence genes of enterococci isolated from different sources.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, environmental and fecal samples were collected from the hospital environment, volunteers, and hospital staff from October 2018 to August 2019.
Vitamin D is essential for the optimal health of the skeletal system. However, this vitamin also plays a role in other functions of the human body, such as muscle, immune, and inflammatory functions. Some studies have reported that adequate levels of vitamin D improve immune system function by reducing the levels of certain pro-inflammatory cytokines, which can protect against the risk of post-exercise illness.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnvironmental variation selects for the adaptive plasticity of maternal provisioning. Even though developing honeybees find themselves in a protected colony environment, their reproductively specialized queens actively adjust their maternal investment, even among worker-destined eggs. However, the potentially adaptive consequences of this flexible provisioning strategy and their mechanistic basis are unknown.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Dependence in bathing is the most common activities of daily living (ADLs) dependency among older adults. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of bathing skills training on the independence and satisfaction of older adults living in nursing homes.
Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, 80 participants were assigned randomly to the intervention (n = 40) and control groups (n = 40).
The evolution of network technologies has witnessed a paradigm shift toward open and intelligent networks, with the Open Radio Access Network (O-RAN) architecture emerging as a promising solution. O-RAN introduces disaggregation and virtualization, enabling network operators to deploy multi-vendor and interoperable solutions. However, managing and automating the complex O-RAN ecosystem presents numerous challenges.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDeformed wing virus (DWV), a major honey bee pathogen, is a generalist insect virus detected in diverse insect phyla, including numerous ant genera. Its clinical symptoms have only been reported in honey bees, bumble bees, and wasps. DWV is a quasispecies virus with three main variants, which, in association with the ectoparasitic mite, , causes wing deformity, shortened abdomens, neurological impairments, and colony mortality in honey bees.
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