Enhancement of cannabidiol oral bioavailability through the development of nanostructured lipid carriers: In vitro and in vivo evaluation studies.

Cannabidiol (CBD) is a natural product isolated from the Cannabis sativa plant that was approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (US FDA) for the treatment of resistant epilepsy. Despite its therapeutic potential, CBD's clinical application is limited by its poor aqueous solubility and low oral bioavailability. The primary aim of this research was to enhance the aqueous solubility and oral bioavailability of CBD by developing nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) using conventional hot homogenization method (CHH).

Effect of Gamma Irradiation on Cannabinoid, Terpene, and Moisture Content of Cannabis Biomass.

In recent years, cannabis has been proposed and promoted not only as a medicine for the treatment of a variety of illnesses, but also as an industrial crop for different purposes. Being an agricultural product, cannabis inflorescences may be contaminated by environmental pathogens at high concentrations, which might cause health problems if not controlled. Therefore, limits have to be placed on the levels of aerobic bacteria as well as yeast and mold.

Validation and Quantitation of Fifteen Cannabinoids in Cannabis and Marketed Products Using High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Ultraviolet/Photodiode Array Method.

is a psychoactive plant indigenous to Central and South Asia, traditionally used both for recreational and religious purposes, in addition to folk medicine. Cannabis is a rich source of natural compounds, the most important of which are commonly known as cannabinoids that cause a variety of effects through interaction with the endocannabinoid system. In this study, a high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet/photodiode array (PDA) method was developed and validated for the analysis of 15 cannabinoids in cannabis plant materials and cannabis-based marketed products.

Anti-leishmanial and cytotoxic compounds isolated from marine sponge .

The methanolic extract of the marine sponge . yielded two new compounds; 1-(2'-methyl heptadecyl) phenol () and a new pyrazole derivative; 4-(hydroxymethyl)-1-pyrazol-3-ol (), together with previously isolated (2')-2'-hydroxy-N-((2,3,4)-1,3,4-trihydroxy-16-methylpentadecan-2-yl)docosanamide (), cholesterol (), 5, 8-dioxycholest-6-en-3-ol () and 3-acetylsesterstatin 3 (), which were firstly reported from family Hymedesmiidae. Their structure elucidation was based on extensive nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and high resolution-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry.

Isolation and Characterization of Impurities in Commercially Marketed Δ-THC Products.

Qualitative analysis of several commercial products containing Δ-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ-THC) as a major component using GC-MS resulted in the identification of several impurities along with Δ-THC. In an attempt to isolate and identify these impurities, a commercial Δ-THC distillate was selected for the isolation work. Eleven impurities were isolated using a variety of chromatographic techniques, and their chemical structures were determined.

Quantitative Determination of Cannabis Terpenes Using Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detector.

Cannabis has a long history of being credited with centuries of healing powers for millennia. The cannabis plant is a rich source of cannabinoids and terpenes. Each cannabis chemovar exhibits a different flavor and aroma, which are determined by its terpene content.

Absorbance-Transmittance Excitation Emission Matrix Method for Quantification of Major Cannabinoids and Corresponding Acids: A Rapid Alternative to Chromatography for Rapid Chemotype Discrimination of Varieties.

Phytocannabinoids naturally occur in the cannabis plant (), and Δ-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) predominate. There is a need for rapid inexpensive methods to quantify total THC (for statutory definition) and THC-CBD ratio (for classification into three chemotypes). This study explores the capabilities of a spectroscopic technique that combines ultraviolet-visible and fluorescence, absorbance-transmittance excitation emission matrix (A-TEEM).

Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry profiling and analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and antihyperglycemic potentials of .

Objectives: The present study determines the chemical constituents of using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and its different activities.

Materials And Methods: Air-dried powdered leaves of were extracted by 95% methanol and fractionated consecutively with petroleum ether, chloroform, and ethyl acetate. The saponifiable matter, EtOAc and aqueous fractions were subjected to GC-MS.

In vivo anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective activities of (Forssk.) aerial parts in relation to its phytomolecules.

A total methanolic extract and its sub-extracts of (Forssk.) aerial parts were subjected to acute toxicity, anti-inflammatory, and hepatoprotective investigations. The methanolic extract was safe upto 3 g/kg on mice.

Phytochemical and pharmacological appraisal of the aerial parts of L. growing in Egypt.

L. (Fabaceae) is widely grown in Egypt. It has a great history of folkloric medicinal uses.

Design and synthesis of new 1,6-dihydropyrimidin-2-thio derivatives targeting VEGFR-2: Molecular docking and antiproliferative evaluation.

A series of new 1,6-dihydropyrimidin-2-thiol derivatives (scaffold A) as VEGFR-2 inhibitors has been designed and synthesized. Compounds 3a, 3b, 3e and 4b have been selected for in vitro anticancer screening by the National Cancer Institute. Compound 3e showed remarkable anticancer activity against most of the cell lines tested, where a complete cell death against leukemia, non-small cell lung cancer, colon, CNS, melanoma, and breast cancer cell lines was observed.

Design, synthesis and antitrypanosomal activity of heteroaryl-based 1,2,4-triazole and 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives.

Two series of novel 1,2,4-triazol-3-yl-thioacetamide 3a-b and 4a-b and 5-pyrazin-2-yl-3H-[1,3,4]oxadiazole-2-thiones 9a-h were designed and synthesized. The compounds prepared have been identified using H NMR, C NMR and elemental analyses. The synthesized compounds 3a, 3b, 4a, 4b, 9a, 9b, 9d-e and 9f have been evaluated with α-difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) as a control drug for their in vitro antitrypanosomal activity against Trypanosoma brucei.

Role of Cannabinoids and Terpenes in Cannabis-Mediated Analgesia in Rats.

has been used for centuries in treating pain. However, the analgesic role of many of its constituents including terpenes is unknown. This research examined the contributions of terpenes (volatile oil) and cannabinoids in cannabis-mediated analgesia in rats.

Repellent Activity of Carrot Seed Essential Oil and Its Pure Compound, Carotol, Against Mosquitoes.

In our natural products screening program for mosquitoes, carrot seed essential oil showed high repellency. The gas chromatography (GC)/flame ionization detector and GC/mass spectrometry analysis of the essential oil revealed the presence of 47 compounds. Carotol was more than 75% w/w, followed by muurolene (4.

Analysis of Terpenes in Cannabis sativa L. Using GC/MS: Method Development, Validation, and Application.

Terpenes are the major components of the essential oils present in various L. varieties. These compounds are responsible for the distinctive aromas and flavors.

Chemical and Biological Studies of Roots.

The chemical study of roots led to the isolation and identification of 10 compounds. Their chemical structures were unambiguously established on the basis of 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry as friedelan-3-one (1), epifriedelanol (2), β-sitosterol (3), ergost-5-en-3-ol (4), methyl hexadecanoate (5), pentadecanoic acid (6), 10E-hexadecenoic acid (7), 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde (8), β-sitosterol-β-D-glucoside (9) and -coumaroyltyramine (10). Compounds 5-9 were reported for the first time from roots.

Metabolomic profiling and anti-infective potential of and (Family Asteraceae).

The present study evaluates the chemical composition of and based on their metabolomic profiles using liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HR-MS), alongside with the anti-infective activities of their ethanol extracts, as well as, different fractions. A significant difference was observed between the LC-MS profiles of the two plants such as, coumarins, sesquiterpene lactones and phenylethanoids which were characteristic for , while amides and phenolic acid derivatives were characteristic for . These results highlight the chemical potential of and Furthermore, the ethyl acetate fraction of showed a significant antimalarial activity with IC values of 21.

Chemical constituents, Antibacterial and Acetylcholine esterase inhibitory activity of leaves.

The chemical constituents of were investigated. A new neolignan glycoside (1) in addition to nine known compounds were isolated. The acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activity and antibacterial activity against methicillin-resistant (MRSA) of different fractions and isolates of were evaluated.

Bioactivity-Guided Isolation of Potential Antidiabetic and Antihyperlipidemic Compounds from Trigonella stellata.

The in vitro antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic activities of an alcoholic extract of Trigonella stellata were evaluated in terms of the activation of PPAR and PPAR in human hepatoma (HepG2) cells. The extract was investigated phytochemically, aiming at the isolation of the most active compounds to be used as a platform for drug discovery. Three new isoflavans, (3 S,4 R)-4,2',4'-trihydroxy)-7-methoxyisoflavan (1), (3 R,4 S)-4,2',4'-trihydroxy-7-methoxy-4'- O-β-d-glucopyranosylisoflavan (2), and (2 S,3 R,4 R)-4,2',4'-trihydroxy-2,7-dimethoxyisoflavan (3), were isolated and characterized along with the five known compounds p-hydroxybenzoic acid (4), 7,4'-dihydroxyflavone (5), dihydromelilotoside (6), quercetin-3,7- O-α-l-dirhamnoside (7), and soyasaponin I (8).

Flavonoids of Alcea rosea L. and their immune stimulant, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities on hepatocellular carcinoma HepG-2 cell line.

Alcea rosea L. is widely cultivated in gardens of Egypt as an ornamental plant and it has a great history of folkloric medicinal uses. In the present work, phytochemical investigation of the alcoholic extract of the flowers of A.