Unveiling the ecotoxicological effects of azoxystrobin-based fungicides at realistic concentrations on the land snail, Theba pisana.

The ecotoxicological consequences of azoxystrobin on land snails have not yet been addressed. Therefore, the present study aims to provide novel data on the threat of a commercial grade azoxystrobin (AMISTAR) at two environmentally relevant concentrations (0.3 µg/ml) and tenfold (3 µg/ml) on the model species, Theba pisana by physiological, biochemical, and histopathological markers for 28 days.

Does commercial indoxacarb pose ecotoxicological consequences? Employing a multi-marker approach in the model species Theba pisana.

Indoxacarb is one of the most extensively used oxadiazine insecticides worldwide, but it may exert detrimental effects on ecosystems, population dynamics, and health. Due to the lack of knowledge on the ecotoxicity of indoxacarb, it is still challenging to assess whether this insecticide poses an ecotoxicological impact on terrestrial environments. Therefore, our study aims to provide novel data on the toxic effects of 28-day dietary exposure to commercial grade indoxacarb at two environmentally relevant concentrations, 0.