Epidemiology of workplace violence against nursing staff in Ismailia Governorate, Egypt.

Background: Violence against health care workers (HCW) or workplace violence in general is a major problem affecting health and productivity of HCWs.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence and nature of workplace violence against nurses in Ismailia governorate, Egypt, and to identify its risk factors and how nurses manage it.

Material And Methods: Cross-sectional study, using a questionnaire for data collection, which includes demographic data, characteristics of workplace violence events, and risk factors contributing to workplace violence.

Urinary bladder cancer risk factors in men: a Spanish case-control study.

The rising incidence of urinary bladder cancer is alarming and potential relationships with different risk factors have been postulated. The purpose of this study was to examine the possible relationship between different environmental risk factors and urinary bladder cancer. All men with urinary bladder cancer who were admitted to the Department of Urology of Reina Sofia University Hospital of Cordoba, Spain over 1 year were included in our study.

Urinary bladder cancer and the petroleum industry: a quantitative review.

Purpose: To estimate the pooled risk of petroleum industry for urinary bladder cancer.

Material And Methods: All observational studies that evaluated the association between urinary bladder risk and the petroleum industry were reviewed. We have only identified eight case-control studies.

Surveillance of acute hepatitis C in Cairo, Egypt.

Surveillance of acute hepatitis has been set up in two fever hospitals in Cairo to diagnose acute hepatitis C. Patients were categorized as definite acute hepatitis C with positive hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA and without anti-HCV antibody, or probable acute hepatitis C with positive HCV RNA, positive anti-HCV antibody, alanine aminotransferase >/=4 times the upper limit of normal (ULN), and high risk parenteral exposure in the 1--3 months prior to the beginning of symptoms. From May to November 2002, 315 patients were recruited in the study.