Corticomotor Control of Lumbar Erector Spinae in Postural and Voluntary Tasks: The Influence of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Current Direction.

Lumbar erector spinae (LES) contribute to spine postural and voluntary control. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) preferentially depolarizes different neural circuits depending on the direction of electrical currents evoked in the brain. Posteroanterior current (PA-TMS) and anteroposterior (AP-TMS) current would, respectively, depolarize neurons in the primary motor cortex (M1) and the premotor cortex.

Do Exercise Programs Improve Fitness, Mobility, and Functional Capacity in Adults With Lower Limb Amputation? A Systematic Review on the Type and Minimal Dose Needed.

Objective: To answer the following questions: (1) Do physical activity (PA) and exercise improve fitness, mobility, and functional capacity among adults with lower limb amputation (LLA) and (2) What is the type and minimum dose of PA (frequency, intensity and duration) needed?

Design: Systematic review.

Setting: Outpatient intervention, outside of the prosthetic rehabilitation phase.

Participants: Adults with lower limb amputation living in the community.

Insights into the Synthesis Parameters Effects on the Structural, Morphological, and Magnetic Properties of Copper Oxide Nanoparticles.

The present study aims at the integration of the "oxalic conversion" route into "green chemistry" for the synthesis of copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO-NPs) with controllable structural, morphological, and magnetic properties. Two oxalate-containing precursors (HCO.2HO and (NH)CO.

The Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia: A Systematic Review of Its Psychometric Properties in People With Musculoskeletal Pain.

Objective: The aims of this systematic review were to identify the different versions of the Tampa Scale of kinesiophobia (TSK) and to report on the psychometric evidence relating to these different versions for people experiencing musculoskeletal pain.

Methods: Medline [Ovid] CINAHL and Embase databases were searched for publications reporting on the psychometric properties of the TSK in populations with musculoskeletal pain. Risks of bias were evaluated using the COSMIN risk of the bias assessment tool.