Phylogenetic groups and antimicrobial resistance characteristics of Escherichia coli strains isolated from clinical samples in North Iran.

Background And Study Aim: Extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) is one of the most common bacterial pathogens, which causes a remarkable amount of morbidity and mortality. This study was designed to determine the antibiotic resistance profiles, phylogenetic groups, and subgroup analyses among the ExPEC strains isolated from hospitalized patients in north Iran.

Patients And Methods: This cross-sectional investigation was conducted at five educational hospitals in Rasht in north Iran.

Immunopathology and Immunopathogenesis of COVID-19, what we know and what we should learn.

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) directly interacts with host's epithelial and immune cells, leading to inflammatory response induction, which is considered the hallmark of infection. The host immune system is programmed to facilitate the clearance of viral infection by establishing a modulated response. However, SARS-CoV-2 takes the initiative and its various structural and non-structural proteins directly or indirectly stimulate the uncontrolled activation of injurious inflammatory pathways through interaction with innate immune system mediators.

Antitumor immunity enhancement through Newcastle viral oncolysate in mice model: A promising method to treat tumors.

A Newcastle disease virus (NDV) oncolysate has been established as a unique and effective immune-stimulatory root for tumor treatment. Thus, the aim of the current study was to investigate the effects of intratumoral administration of NDV oncolysate on immune response and tumor regression of C57BL/6 mouse model of human papillomavirus (HPV) related transplanted with TC-1 syngeneic cancer cells. To further investigate the mechanism underlying the antitumor response, cytolytic and lymphocyte proliferation responses in splenocytes were measured using lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release and MTT assays, respectively.

A bibliometric review of oncolytic virus research as a novel approach for cancer therapy.

Background: In recent years, oncolytic viruses (OVs) have drawn attention as a novel therapy to various types of cancers, both in clinical and preclinical cancer studies all around the world. Consequently, researchers have been actively working on enhancing cancer therapy since the early twentieth century. This study presents a systematic review of the literature on OVs, discusses underlying research clusters and, presents future directions of OVs research.

The Occurrence and Risk Assessment of Aflatoxin M in Cheeses Samples from Hamadan, Iran.

Aflatoxin M (AFM) is a category of poisonous compounds found in milk and dairy products. The target of our research is to determine incidence and risk assessment AFM through the consumption of cheese in Hamadan province of Iran. Seventy cheese samples including cream cheese (n = 30) and Iranian white cheese (n = 40) were collected from different regions of Hamadan province, Iran and tested for AFM by ELISA technique.

Oncolytic effects of Hitchner B1 strain of newcastle disease virus against cervical cancer cell proliferation is mediated by the increased expression of cytochrome C, autophagy and apoptotic pathways.

Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is a potential oncolytic virus for the cancer treatment due to its ability to replicate in tumor cells. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro anticancer properties of Hitchner B1 (HB1) strain of NDV on TC-1 cell line and underlying molecular mechanisms. The cytolytic effects of oncolytic HB1 strain of NDV was determined by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assay.

Oncolytic Newcastle disease virus reduces growth of cervical cancer cell by inducing apoptosis.

Although Oncolytic viruses have been regarded as a promising tool for targeted therapy of cancer, accomplishing high efficacy and specificity with this strategy is challenging. Oncolytic virotherapy is one of the novel therapeutic methods recently used for the therapy of human malignancies. Cervical cancer is on the major public health problem and the second most common cause of cancer death among females in less developed countries.

The Occurrence and Risk Assessment of Exposure to Aflatoxin M in Ultra-High Temperature and Pasteurized Milk in Hamadan Province of Iran.

Objectives: Aflatoxins are a category of poisonous compounds found in most plants, milk and dairy products. The present research was carried out to detect the presence of aflatoxin M (AFM) in samples of milk collected from Hamadan province, Iran.

Methods: Twenty five samples of ultra-high temperature (UHT) and 63 samples of pasteurized milk were collected and the amount of AFM was measured by an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay method.

A Survey on Human T-cell Lymphotropic Virus Type 1 (HTLV-1) and Xenotropic Murine Leukemia Virus-Related Virus (XMRV) Coinfection in Tehran, Iran.

Background: Xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus (XMRV) is a gamma retrovirus, which has been detected in patients with prostate cancer, chronic fatigue syndrome, and general population with a number of acquired infections such as infection with human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The aim of this study was to determine the HTLV-1 and XMRV coinfection for the first time in Iranian patients who were admitted to the Tehran hospitals.

Materials And Methods: Two hundred and ninety one patients suspected with HTLV-1 were referred to the hospitals affiliated to the Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran from April 2012 to October 2016.

Factors that Correlate with Poor Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Complications.

Objectives: Inadequate glycemic control amongst patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) indicates a major public health problem and a significant risk factor for the progression and complications caused by diabetes. Glycemic control is the main therapeutic objective for the prevention of organ damage and other complications arising from diabetes.

Methods: This was a retrospective observational study of T2DM patients with complications, who were aged 40 years and older.

Detection of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance in clinical isolates of strains in Hamadan, West of Iran.

Plasmid mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) determinants have arisen as a significant concern in recent years. The aim of this study was screening of resistant-clinical isolates to fluoroquinolone antibiotics and detection of and genes. For this purpose we collected 100 fluoroquinolone-resistant which were from 3 hospitals in Hamadan, west provinces of Iran, between October 2012 and June 2013.

Antibacterial resistance patterns of extended spectrum β-lactamase -producing enteropathogenic Escherichia coli strains isolated from children.

Background And Study Aim: This study aimed to determine the antibacterial resistance patterns of extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) isolated from Iranian children and to investigate its genetic patterns.

Patients And Methods: 192 non-repeats EPEC isolates were collected from stool samples of the children with and without diarrhoea. The EPEC strains were isolated from 1355 stool specimens obtained from 247 children with diarrhoea (0-10 years old; mean age, 5.

Co-occurrence of aflatoxins and ochratoxin A in dried fruits in Iran: Dietary exposure risk assessment.

In this study, the contamination levels of aflatoxins (AFs) and ochratoxin A (OTA) in 88 collected samples from Iran's market including dried mulberry, date, fig, and apricot were evaluated. The margin of exposure (MOE) was estimated to assess the risk of dietary intake of aflatoxin B (AFB) and OTA. The incidence of AFB in dried mulberry, date, fig and apricot samples was 45.

Assessment of AflatoxinM1 Contamination in UHT Flavored Milk Samples in Karaj, Iran.

This study was carried out to detect the presence of aflatoxin M (AFM) in 30 UHT flavored milk samples in Karaj, Alborz province, Iran. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was applied to analyze AFM in the samples. The results showed that aflatoxin M was detected in all the UHT flavored milk samples, the AFM concentration ranged from 0.

Detection of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and plasmid-borne bla and bla genes among clinical strains of Escherichia coli isolated from patients in the north of Iran.

Escherichia coli is an important cause of hospital-acquired infections worldwide. Antimicrobial resistance leads to treatment failure of hospital infections caused by E. coli.

Molecular characterisation of Klebsiella oxytoca strains isolated from patients with antibiotic-associated diarrhoea.

Background And Study Aim: Colitis is a common complication after treatment with antibiotics such as β-lactams, quinolones, and aminoglycosides. Recently, Klebsiella oxytoca has been implicated in this type of diarrhoea. The prevalence and characterisations of K.

Effect of polymer/nanosilver composite packaging on long-term microbiological status of Iranian saffron (Crocus sativus L.).

Crocus sativus L. (saffron) is a valuable plant which is native to Iran. Saffron is the dried stigmata of the flowering part of the plant that is usually contaminated with different bacteria and fungi through production process.

Ochratoxin A in dried grapes in Hamadan province, Iran.

The occurrence of ochratoxin A (OTA) in dried grapes was surveyed in this study. Sixty-six samples of dried grapes (40 currants, 16 sultanas and 10 raisins) were collected from dried grapes factories in Hamadan province, Iran, from October 2012 to March 2013. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to determine OTA in these samples.

Prevalence of ESBL and MBL encoding genes in Acinetobacter baumannii strains isolated from patients of intensive care units (ICU).

The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of ESBL and MBL encoding genes among A. baumannii isolates. In this cross sectional study, 100 A.

Sewage as a rich source of phage study against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a ubiquitous organism which has emerged as a major public health threat in hospital environments. Overuse of antibiotics has significantly exacerbated the emergence of multi-drug resistant bacteria such as P. aeruginosa.

Antibacterial Effect of Garlic Aqueous Extract on Staphylococcus aureus in Hamburger.

Background: Using garlic is widespread in Iran and other countries as a medicine and a natural spice. Garlic is a potential inhibitor for food pathogens. Foods contaminated with pathogens pose a potential danger to the consumer's health.

Quantitative gene expression analysis of some sodium ion transporters under salinity stress in Aeluropus littoralis.

Plant sodium transporters activity is one of the most important salt tolerance mechanisms to keep normal status of cytosolic sodium content. In the present study, expression pattern of genes encoding Na(+)/H(+) antiporters in the plasma membrane (SOS1 gene), vacuolar membrane (NHX1 gene) and H(+)-ATPase pump (VHA gene) in Aeluropus littoralis under different treatments of NaCl was measured by the semi-quantitative RT-PCR method. Our results indicated that root and shoot sodium contents were increased along with increasing salinity pressure.

α:Non-α and Gγ:Aγ globin chain ratios in thalassemia intermedia patients treated with hydroxyurea.

Objectives: To elucidate the possible ways by which hydroxyurea molecules affect globin chain (α or β-like) synthesis.

Methods: A total of 23 thalassemia intermedia patients (13 male and 10 female) aged between 5 and 26 years were treated for five months with 15 mg/(kg·day) of hydroxyurea. Hemoglobins electrophoresis and globin chain electrophoresis was performed on each sample at different time points before and during the treatment.