[CAN NATURAL SKIN CREASE PREDICT OUR PHALANX JOINT ALIGNMENT?].

Background: Proximal interphalangeal injury may result in malalignment of the phalanx axis of motion. In some instances, these fractures are treated with an external fixation method such as Suzuki-type fixation, during which the surgeon must perform X-rays to preserve the phalanx anatomical axis of motion.

Objectives: To assess the correlation between the palmar skin crease and the joint axis of the proximal interphalangeal joint (PIPJ) of the fingers opposing the thumb to improve the surgeons' perioperative planning procedure.

Patterns of osteoarthritis in long finger joints: an observational cadaveric study with potential biomechanical considerations.

Purpose: To explore the distribution and prevalence of osteoarthritis in metacarpophalangeal, proximal interphalangeal and distal interphalangeal joints in long fingers in a cadaveric study, and to discuss potential biomechanical influences on these patterns.

Methods: This cadaveric study evaluated 144 metacarpophalangeal, proximal interphalangeal and distal interphalangeal joints from 12 embalmed cadaver hands. A dorsal dissection approach was used to expose the joints, which were then marked with color-coded pegs for consistent orientation during imaging.

[RADIAL TUNNEL SYNDROME].

The radial tunnel syndrome (RTS) is an entrapment of the radial nerve in the forearm. It is characterized by pain focused on the trapping area in the proximal forearm as well as pain radiated down the forearm. The syndrome is more common in men and in our estimation, there is a circumstantial connection to the continuous use of the computer keyboard.

Trigger Finger Due to Anomaly of Lumbrical Insertion: A Case Report and Review of Literature.

Case: Trigger finger (TF), or stenosing synovitis, is a common condition that can usually be diagnosed by physical examination. We recently operated on a patient with TF who did not respond to conservative treatment. At surgery, we found an anomalous insertion of the fourth lumbrical muscle to the A1 pulley.

[DE QUERVAIN'S TENOSYNOVITIS - CLINICAL PRESENTATION AND TREATMENT].

De-Quervain tenosynovitis, named after the Swiss surgeon Fritz De Quervain, is a condition characterized by pain and tenderness over the first extensor compartment of the wrist. This compartment contains the extensor pollicis brevis (EPB) and abductor pollicis longus (APL) tendons in their individual retinacular sheath. Non-inflammatory thickening of the tendinous sheath leads to entrapment of the individual tendons and increased friction.

[MEDIAN NERVE COMPRESSION BY LIPOMA CAN MIMIC CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME].

Lipoma of the nerve is an uncommon tumor, and usually has the highest incidence in the upper limb, especially in the median nerve. When the lesion is large it can cause peripheral neuropathy such as carpal tunnel syndrome. Therefore, a physical examination is paramount for correct surgery and patient preparation.

[MEDIAL EPICONDYLITIS (GOLFER'S ELBOW) - CLINICAL PRESENTATION AND TREATMENT].

Medial epicondylitis, which is also called "Golfer's Elbow" is a pathology which typically presents as medial elbow pain. It affects 1% of the general population, yet affects 3.8% to 8.

[MULTIPLE GIANT CELL TUMOR OF TENDON SHEATH: A CASE REPORT OF THREE LESIONS ON THE SAME FLEXOR TENDON].

We present a case report of a triple location Giant Cell Tumor of tendon sheath appearance on the same flexor tendon sheath of a single digit. There have been scarce descriptions of multiple Giant Cell Tumors of tendon sheath. Multiple tumors may predispose patients to a higher recurrence rate; therefore, recognition and treatment of this rare entity is important.

[ACUTE INJURY TO FLEXOR TENDONS OF THE HAND: ASSESSMENT, DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT].

Hand lacerations are common injuries seen by the primary care physician. Even seemingly small cuts carry a high risk of injury to flexor tendons of the hand which requires surgical treatment by a specialist. Elucidation of the relevant history, along with a dedicated and focused physical examination is imperative for an early intervention which, along with a meticulous surgical technique and dedicated rehabilitation by occupational therapists, will lead to a much improved functional prognosis for the patient.

Diminished coordination skills may predispose injury to lesser toe fractures-a pilot study.

Introduction: Lesser toe fractures of the foot are a common lower extremity injury. The common mechanism of injury is a direct impact of force on the toe due to a collision of the toe with an object, often related as accidental injury or clumsiness.

Materials And Methods: This is a case-control study.

Photobiomodulation Therapy to Autologous Bone Marrow in Humans Significantly Increases the Concentration of Circulating Stem Cells and Macrophages: A Pilot Study.

The aim of this study was to examine the effect of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) of the bone marrow (BM) on the concentration of stem cells and other cells in the circulating blood (CB) in humans. Circulating stem cells have received increasing attention in recent years due to their potential role in regenerative medicine. Various biological processes have been shown to be affected by PBMT.

Ulnar Superficialis Slip Resection Versus Radial Superficialis Slip Resection: A Biomechanical Pilot Study.

Background: There are numerous clinical scenarios during which the surgeon contemplates whether the radial or ulnar slip of the flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) should be sacrificed. To date no study has assessed the point of failure of each one of the FDS slips in each digit, aiding the avid surgeon in deciding which slip to sacrifice.

Methods: A total of 41 digits were assessed, each digit was dissected, and a specimen containing the denuded bone of the middle phalanx with the attachments of the ulnar and radial FDS slips was obtained.

[THE CONGENITAL TRIGGER THUMB - CLINICAL PRESENTATION AND TREATMENT].

Congenital trigger thumb is found in 0.3% of all children. There is an ongoing debate whether the finding of a congenital trigger thumb is truly congenital or is developmental, although the current tendency in the literature is to see it as a developmental finding.

Forearm Shortening Impact on Pronation and Supination.

Shortening has been described to treat severely mangled extremities, replantations and nonunions. Outcomes after this procedure in the forearm are vaguely described. This study addresses how the forearm rotation is affected by: (1) location of the shortening; (2) the amount of the shortening at different locations.

Effect of adding medical cannabis to analgesic treatment in patients with low back pain related to fibromyalgia: an observational cross-over single centre study.

Objectives: Low back pain (LBP) occurs in many patients with fibromyalgia (FM). The current study aimed to assess the possible pain and function amelioration associated with medical cannabis therapy (MCT) in this setting.

Methods: 31 patients were involved in an observational cross-over study.

[MALLET FINGER - DIAGNOSIS, CLASSIFICATION AND TREATMENT].

Mallet finger is a common injury involving the extensor mechanism of the finger. It presents as an inability to extend the distal phalanx of the digit. In the right clinical setting, a thorough examination should be performed and supplemented by adequate radiographs.

Low-Level Laser Therapy to the Bone Marrow Ameliorates Neurodegenerative Disease Progression in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease: A Minireview.

Objective: This communication reviews the ability of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) to stimulate mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in autologous bone marrow (BM) to enhance the capacity of MSCs to infiltrate the brain, clear β-amyloid, and improve cognition.

Background: We recently reported that LLLT applied to the BM enhanced the proliferation of MSCs and their mobilization toward the ischemic heart region, suggesting a possible application of this approach in regenerative medicine and neurodegenerative diseases. It was also shown that circulating monocytes can infiltrate the brain and reduce brain amyloid load in an Alzheimer's disease (AD) mouse model.

Emerging patterns in wrist osteoarthritis.

The human wrist is a composite joint which incorporates multiple smaller joints. The biomechanics of the wrist are dependent on its bony structure but also on the ligamentous constitution of its joints. This increases the complexity of the joint and reduces our ability to understand its anatomy, mechanics and pathology.