Development of Integrative Methodologies for Effective Excavation Progress Monitoring.

Excavation is one of the primary projects in the construction industry. Introducing various technologies for full automation of the excavation can be a solution to improve sensing and productivity that are the ongoing issues in this area. This paper covers three aspects of effective excavation progress monitoring that include excavation volume estimation, occlusion area detection, and 5D mapping.

Development of Embedded Fiber-Optic Evanescent Wave Sensors for Optical Characterization of Graphite Anodes in Lithium-Ion Batteries.

The development, fabrication, and embedment of fiber-optic evanescent wave sensors (FOEWSs) to monitor the state of charge (SOC) and the state of health (SOH) of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are presented. Etching of FOEWSs is performed using a solution of 40 wt % ammonium fluoride (NHF) and 49 wt % hydrofluoric acid (HF) (6:1), which is found to be superior to an etching solution containing just 49 wt % HF. FOEWSs were characterized using glycerol and found to have the highest sensitivity in a lithium-ion battery when they lose 92% of their transmittance in the presence of glycerol on their sensing region.

Experimental/analytical analysis of human locomotion using bondgraphs.

A new vectorial bondgraph approach for modeling and simulation of human locomotion is introduced. The vectorial bondgraph is applied to an eight-segment gait model to derive the equations of motion for studying ground reaction forces (GRFs) and centers of pressure (COPs) in single and double support phases of ground and treadmill walking. A phase detection technique and accompanying transition equation is proposed with which the GRFs and COPs may be calculated for the transitions from double-to-single and single-to-double support phases.