The possible antioxidative effects of ketogenic diet by modifying brain klotho expression: a rat model study.

The ketogenic diet (KD) has long been used as an alternative nonpharmacological therapy to manage pharmacoresistant epilepsy. The anticonvulsant mechanisms of KD have yet to be fully elucidated. The present study explored whether a KD could exert antioxidative effects by altering brain Klotho (Kl) gene expression.

Serum adropin level in wet-type age-related macular degeneration.

Purpose: Our objective was to compare the serum Adropin levels between patients with wet-type Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD) and otherwise healthy individuals.

Method: The study included 45 patients with wet-type AMD and 45 individuals without age-related macular degeneration. Patients with co-morbidities such as diabetes, hypertension, autoimmune diseases, and a previous history of visual impairment; were excluded.

Short-term consequences of treatment in patients with oral lichen planus: A prospective study.

Background: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a multifactorial chronic inflammatory condition with unknown etiology. This condition has been associated with . This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the treatment of infection and improvements in OLP lesions.

The possible anti-seizure properties of Klotho.

Recurrent seizures in epilepsy may lead to progressive neuronal damage, which can diminish health-related quality of life. Evaluation and control of pathological processes in the brain is valuable. It seems imperative that new markers and approaches for seizure alleviation be discovered.

The Effects of Remdesivir and Dexamethasone on Renal Sirtuin-1 Expression and Renal Function in Male Rats.

Remdesivir (REM) and dexamethasone (DEX) both have been used to treat coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of REM and DEX on kidney structure and function with particular focus on the probable renal sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) expression alteration in rats. Twenty-four male Wistar rats were divided into four groups, as follows: group A (control) received normal saline (5 mL/kg/day for 10 days); group B (REM) received REM (17 mg/kg/day on the first day, and 8.

Serum salusin-β levels in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Objective: Endothelial dysfunction (ED) has an important role in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Studies on other inflammatory diseases show that salusin-β with various mechanisms may play a role in the promotion of ED and inflammation. The aim of this study was to measure serum salusin-β levels in SLE patients and evaluate it as a potential biomarker in assessing SLE activity and predicting organ involvement.

Enhanced chemotherapeutic efficacy of docetaxel in human lung cancer cell line via GLUT1 inhibitor.

The dose-dependent adverse effects of anticancer agents need new methods with lesser toxicity. The objective of the current research was to evaluate the efficacy of GLUT1 inhibitor, as an inhibitor of glucose consumption in cancer cells, in augmenting the efficiency of docetaxel with respect to cytotoxicity and apoptosis. Cell cytotoxicity was assessed by using methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay.

Association between Serum α-Klotho Levels and Behçet Disease.

Background: Endothelial dysfunction (ED) has a well-known role in promoting vascular inflammation in Behçet disease (BD). α-klotho is involved in regulation of endothelial function, and its reduction has been reported to be associated with ED.

Objective: To assess serum α-klotho in patients with BD, compared with healthy control individuals.

Comparison of CEA and IgG serum levels in oral lichenoid lesions before and after treatment with topical corticosteroids.

Lichen planus is considered a potentially malignant condition with an unknown etiology. This study aimed to determine the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and IgG serum levels in different oral lichenoid lesions before and after treatment with local corticosteroids. Two groups of 23 individuals, including oral ulcerative lichenoid lesions patients and healthy ones, were evaluated.

Effects of melatonin supplementation on serum oxidative stress markers and disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus patients: A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Background: Considering pathological significance of oxidative stress in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), current research aimed to evaluate the effects of melatonin supplementation on oxidative stress markers and disease activity in SLE.

Method: In this randomised double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 32 SLE females were selected and randomly assigned into two groups to take 10 mg/day melatonin or placebo for 12 weeks. Before and after trial, serum malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were measured and disease activity was determined by Systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index 2000 (SLEDAI-2K).

Serum vitamin D levels in patients with vernal keratoconjunctivitis and its relationship with disease severity.

Purpose: To evaluate the serum vitamin D levels of patients with vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC).

Method: A total of 39 VKC patients (21 males and 18 females) and 32 healthy individuals (19 males and 13 females) were enrolled in this study with the mean age of 18.38 ± 8.

Zinc and Selenium in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Trace Elements with Key Roles?

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory condition that may emerge at a young age and often lasts for life. It often goes through phases of recurrence and remission and has a devastating effect on quality of life. The exact etiology of the disease is still unclear, but it appears that an inappropriate immune response to intestinal flora bacteria in people with a genetic predisposition may cause the disease.

Effect of oil extracts on inflammatory and oxidative stress markers in Behcet's disease: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.

Objective: Behcet's disease (BD) is a chronic inflammatory disorder characterized by recurrent oral and genital aphthous ulcers, uveitis and skin lesions. Oxidative stress and inflammation have important role in the pathogenesis of BD. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of (NS) oil administration on malondialdehyde (MDA), total anti-oxidant capacity (TAC), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), IL-10 and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs- CRP) levels in patients with BD.

Serum Levels of CXCL10 and Vitamin D in Patients with Lupus Nephritis.

Introduction: Kidney involvement is a hallmark of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and evaluation of its inflammatory response is demanding. It was the aim of the present study to evaluate the levels of CXCL10 and vitamin D in serum samples of cases with active lupus nephritis (LN).

Methods: Fifty lupus patients were enrolled in our study, 25 patients had lupus nephritis and 25 patients were without evidence of LN.

The impact of dyslipidemia and oxidative stress on vasoactive mediators in patients with renal dysfunction.

Hyperlipidemia and oxidative stress are indispensable features of chronic kidney disease (CKD) that favor the development of atherogenic plaques and cardiovascular disease (CVD). A number of vasoactive mediators including proprotein convertase subtilisin-kexin type 9 (PCSK9), endothelin-1, nitric oxide, and angiotensin II have fundamental roles in the pathophysiology of atherosclerotic events; moreover, their levels are affected by dyslipidemia and oxidative stress due to renal dysfunction. Therefore, therapeutic measures aimed at correcting dyslipidemia and alleviating oxidative stress could potentially protect against CVD in CKD patients.

Chitosan and Quercetin: Potential Hand in Hand Encountering Tumors in Oral Delivery System.

Chitosan is a cationic polysaccharide and multi-potential polymer with the ability to interact with other natural and synthetic polyanionic/polymeric compounds, with or without a cross-linking agent. It has been able to composite nano-microparticles with a variety of features. This compound has the ability to carry quercetin, as an anti-tumor subject, through the various epithelial systems and release in the sustained and controlled state to the target site.

The effect of oral melatonin on renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in transplant patients: A double-blind, randomized controlled trial.

Background: One of the important factors in the occurrence of acute kidney injury (AKI) among renal transplant patients (RTPs) is ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI). The current study aimed at determining the anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative effects of melatonin on the complications of IRI and the level of Klotho expression in these patients.

Methods: A total of 40 renal transplant candidates were randomly assigned into placebo or melatonin group receiving the same dose of 3 mg/day.

Quercetin mitigates anxiety-like behavior and normalizes hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis function in a mouse model of mild traumatic brain injury.

Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is a major public health risk for developing anxiety-related disorders and hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis dysregulation in humans. Extensive research has shown that dietary intake or supplementation of the natural flavonoid quercetin might be useful for treating anxiety-related symptoms. The objectives of this study were to determine whether quercetin treatment can attenuate anxiogenic-like behaviors and normalize HPA axis function in mice with mTBI.

Serum YKL-40 levels and disease characteristics in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.

Background: The present study aimed to evaluate serum YKL-40 levels in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) compared to healthy subjects and to search whether there is an association between YKL-40 levels and disease characteristics in RA.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 60 RA patients based on the ACR/EULAR 2010 criteria and 30 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were included. In patients, clinical examination was performed and disease activity score 28 (DAS-28) measure of disease activity was assessed.

Tangeretin protects renal tubular epithelial cells against experimental cisplatin toxicity.

Objectives: Cisplatin is an effective antineoplastic agent; its clinical utility, however, is limited by a few salient toxic side effects like nephrotoxicity. This study aimed to determine the potential protective effects of tangeretin, a citrus-derived flavonoid, against renal tubular cell injury in cisplatin-induced renal toxicity of rats.

Materials And Methods: Tangeretin was injected intraperitoneally at 2.

AMPK: A promising molecular target for combating cisplatin toxicities.

Cisplatin is a broadly prescribed anti-tumor agent for the treatment of diverse cancers. Therapy with cisplatin, however, is associated with various adverse effects including nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity. AMP kinase (AMPK), an evolutionarily conserved enzyme, functions as the fundamental regulator of energy homeostasis.

Relationship between serum-soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE) and disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis patients.

Considering the important role of serum soluble receptor for advanced glycation end product (sRAGE/RAGE)-ligand system in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), this study aimed to evaluate serum sRAGE levels in RA patients compared to healthy subjects and to assess whether there is an association between sRAGE levels and disease characteristics in RA. In this cross-sectional study, 60 RA patients according to the ACR/EULAR 2010 criteria and 30 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were included. In patients, clinical examination was performed and disease activity score 28 (DAS-28) measure of disease activity was assessed.

Effect of Sevelamer on Serum Levels of Klotho and Soluble Tumor Necrosis Factor-like Weak Inducer of Apoptosis in Rats With Adenine-induced Chronic Kidney Disease.

Introduction: Nontraditional risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD), including mineral disorder, high fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), low klotho, and low soluble TWEAK could predict the incipient risk of CVD in chronic kidney disease (CKD). The present study evaluates the effect of sevelamer on soluble tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (TWEAK), and klotho levels in adenine-induced CKD rats.

Methods And Materials: Normal control rats without sevelamer were compared with 3 groups of adenine-induced CKD rats, including CKD rats without sevelamer, CKD rats treated with 3% sevelamer, and rats receiving adenine and 3% sevelamer concurrently.

Hesperidin attenuates depression-related symptoms in mice with mild traumatic brain injury.

Aims: There is increasing evidence showing that mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is associated with increased depression-related disorders in humans. Recent studies suggest that dietary intake or supplementation of natural flavonoids like hesperidin can be used for therapy of patients with brain injury and depression. However, the exact mechanisms by which hesperidin indicates its neuroprotective effects are not fully understood.