The simultaneous use of CRISPR/Cas9 to knock out the PI3Kca gene with radiation to enhance radiosensitivity and inhibit tumor growth in breast cancer.

Objectives: Breast neoplasm is a malignancy that can have a poor prognosis. The PI3K/AKT signaling pathway is frequently activated in various tumor types, including breast cancer, leading to alterations in the tumor microenvironment and radioresistance. Selective inhibition of PI3Kca (p110α) has been considered an alternative approach to overcome radioresistance, owing to concerns surrounding the excessive side effects of pan-PI3K inhibitors tested in clinical trials.

Pelvic radiation dose measurement for trauma patients in multifield radiographic examinations: A phantom-based TLD dosimetry study.

Background And Aims: Trauma patients often suffer from multiple injuries and require undergoing various radiography which is referred to as multifield radiographic examinations. Protective measures may be ignored for these examinations due to stressful emergency situations or patients' conditions. This study was conducted to evaluate the scattered doses received by the pelvis during different common multifield radiographic examinations with an emphasis on field size adjustment.

Irradiation and conditioned media from human umbilical cord stem cells suppress epithelial-mesenchymal transition biomarkers in breast cancer cells.

Objectives: Breast cancer cells developing radioresistance during radiation may result in cancer recurrence and poor survival. One of the main reasons for this problem is the changes in the regulation of genes that have a key role in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Utilizing mesenchymal stem cells can be an effective approach to overcome therapeutic resistance.

The hepato-protective effect of H2S-modified and non-modified mesenchymal stem cell exosomes on liver ischemia-reperfusion injury in mice: The role of MALAT1.

Introduction: Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) by causing histopathological changes is considered one of the most important causes of liver failure and dysfunction after surgery which affect graft outcomes. Stem cells are new promising approaches to treating different diseases. One of the critical strategies to improve their function is the preconditioning of their culture medium.

CRISPR/Cas9 mediated knocking out of OPN gene enhances radiosensitivity in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line.

Purpose: Although chemotherapy and radiotherapy in conjunction with surgery have been known as the standard methods for patients with breast cancer, they frequently face resistance due to the failure of cells to death. Accordingly, improving the results requires discovering novel therapeutic approaches based on the changes in the molecular biology of cancer cells. Osteopontin (OPN) is a secreted protein that previous studies have shown to be associated with progression, poor prognosis, and metastasis in breast cancer.

The Design of an Audit Test for Co Brachytherapy Treatment Planning System.

Background: Auditing the treatment planning system (TPS) software for a radiotherapy unit is of paramount importance in any radiation therapy department. A Plexiglas phantom was proposed to measure the ionization of Co high dose rate (HDR) source and compare dose points in the planning system for auditing and verifying TPS.

Methods: Auditing was performed using a Plexiglas phantom in an end-to-end test, and relative dose points were detected by a farmer-type ionization chamber and compared with the relative dose of similar points in TPS.

Construction a CO2 Incubator for Cell Culture with Capability of Transmitting Microwave Radiation.

Background: The objective of this study was to design and construct a CO2 incubator with nonmetallic walls and to investigate the viability of the cells and microwave irradiance inside this incubator.

Methods: Because the walls of conventional incubators are made of metal, this causes scattering, reflection, and absorption of electromagnetic waves. We decided to build a nonmetallic wall incubator to examine cells under microwave radiation.

Effect of Ionizing Radiation on the Transcript Variants Expression of p21 Gene.

Purpose: CDK1A is one of the most important genes that have different key roles in cell lines. This gene has several transcript variants. Investigating of expression of each one actually can be so important because any one of them may have a separate unknown role in cancer cells so can be used to increase therapeutic efficacy.

Investigating the effects of glaucomatous damage on the multifocal visual evoked potential parameters.

Purpose: To investigate the effects of glaucomatous damage on the mfVEP parameters of patients suffering from primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG).

Methods: Fifteen healthy subjects and 15 patients with unilateral POAG participated in this study. In addition, routine ophthalmological examinations including visual acuity, anterior segment examination, posterior segment examination, intraocular pressure, mfVEP with electrophysiological system, RETI-port/Scan 21, and visual field test with automated Humphrey ZEISS HFA II 750i Perimeter were also performed.

Improvement of dose distribution in ocular brachytherapy with I seeds 20-mm COMS plaque followed to loading of choroidal tumor by gold nanoparticles.

Aims And Objectives: Brachytherapy using removable ophthalmic plaques loaded with suitable small sealed radioactive seeds adjacent to the ocular's tumor has been widely used as an effective treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate the dose distribution in a modeled eyeball followed to loading of an ocular melanoma tumor with different concentrations of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) as dose enhancement agent by Monte Carlo (MC) calculations.

Materials And Methods: The MC code of MCNPX 2.

Fractionated radiotherapy might induce epithelial-mesenchymal transition and radioresistance in a cellular context manner.

Despite the fact that radiotherapy is a main therapeutic modality in cancer treatment, recent evidence suggests that fractionated radiotherapy (FR) might confer radioresistance through epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Nevertheless, the effects of FR on EMT phenotype and the potential link between EMT induction and radioresistance development yet to be clarified. The aim of this study was to assess whether FR could promote EMT, and to elucidate if induction of EMT contributes to the acquisition of radioresistance.

An Analytical Method to Calculate Phantom Scatter Factor for Photon Beam Accelerators.

Introduction: One of the important input factors in the commissioning of the radiotherapy treatment planning systems is the phantom scatter factor (Sp) which requires the same collimator opening for all radiation fields. In this study, we have proposed an analytical method to overcome this issue.

Methods: The measurements were performed using Siemens Primus Plus with photon energy 6 MV for field sizes from 5×5cm to 40×40cm.

MiR-328 May be Considered as an Oncogene in Human Invasive Breast Carcinoma.

Background: The recent investigations have rendered microRNAs (miRs) as a novel biomarker in cancer research. In fact, alteration in miR expression may be associated with tumor suppression, tumorigenesis, metastasis, and poor prognosis in human breast cancer (BC).

Objectives: The aim of this clinical experimental study was to measure the miR-328 expression level in breast cancer tissues, at first.