Skull fracture with brain expulsion in a one-level jumping-fall.

Here presented is the case of a one-level jumping-fall with extensive skull fractures and brain expulsion. The body was found on the basement floor at the foot of the stairs. At the autopsy, the skull was extensively fractured, with about half of the brain expulsed several feet away from the body.

Tameshi-giri, or Japanese sword test-cutting: a historic overview.

The martial Japanese history is characterized by the development of a particular samurai sword known as the katana. It was believed that this sword was the reflection of the warrior's soul, and thus it had to be tested to estimate its sharpness, efficiency, and cutting ability. A variety of cutting tests was done on animals and bamboos, but some were also carried out on human beings.