Current understanding and future implications of sepsis-induced thrombocytopenia.

Sepsis is a global health burden that needs intensive medical care. Thrombocytopenia in sepsis is well known to increase morbidity as well as mortality. Several studies have been performed both in animal models and in humans to understand the mechanism by which sepsis causes thrombocytopenia.

Utilization of Surgery and Its Impact on Survival in Patients With Early Stage Small-cell Lung Cancer in the United States.

Introduction: For patients with T1 or T2 N0 M0 small-cell lung cancer (SCLC), lobectomy followed by chemotherapy is the standard of care. However, because of its tendency for early dissemination, patients are often treated with concurrent chemo-radiation without surgery. This study was conducted to evaluate the utilization of surgery and its impact on survival in patients with early stage SCLC.

Acute Severe Anaphylaxis in Nepali Patients with Neurotoxic Snakebite Envenoming Treated with the VINS Polyvalent Antivenom.

Diagnosing and treating acute severe and recurrent antivenom-related anaphylaxis (ARA) is challenging and reported experience is limited. Herein, we describe our experience of severe ARA in patients with neurotoxic snakebite envenoming in Nepal. Patients were enrolled in a randomised, double-blind trial of high vs.

Cytoreductive Nephrectomy in Elderly Patients with Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma in the Targeted Therapy Era.

Background/aim: The role of cytoreductive nephrectomy (CN) for metastatic renal cell cancer (mRCC) is not clearly understood after the approval of targeted therapies, particularly in the elderly population. The aim of this study was to compare survivals between patients who did and did not receive CN.

Patients And Methods: The SEER-18 database was utilized in order to identify elderly patients with mRCC to compare overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) between patients who did or did not receive CN between February 2006 and 2012.

The risk of second primary malignancy in patients with stage Ia non-small cell lung cancer: a U.S. population-based study.

Background: Lung cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide. Patients with early stage lung cancer have improved long-term survival. With the introduction of low-dose CT scan, more patients are going to be diagnosed at an early stage.

Survival trends among patients with metastatic melanoma in the pretargeted and the post-targeted era: a US population-based study.

In 2011, ipilimumab was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for metastatic melanoma. Since its approval, numerous targeted therapies have been approved by the FDA. Population-based studies assessing the survival benefit from these agents are lacking.

Unstaged Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma in the United States: Predictors and Patient Outcomes.

Background: Treatment and prognosis of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) depends on the stage of lymphoma. We conducted this study to examine unstaged DLBCL in the United States.

Materials And Methods: We used Surveillance Epidemiology and End Result (SEER) 18 registries to select patients with DLBCL diagnosed during January 2000 to December 2012.

Survival Trends in Elderly Patients with Glioblastoma in the United States: a Population-based Study.

Background/aim: Concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide along with radiotherapy following surgery (the Stupp regimen) is the preferred therapy for young patients with glioblastoma as well as for elderly (>70 years) ones with favorable risk factors. This study investigated the survival trend since the introduction of the use of the Stupp regimen in elderly patients in a population-based setting.

Materials And Methods: Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results 18 database was used to identify patients aged ≥70 years with glioblastoma as the first primary cancer diagnosed from 1999 to 2010.

Disparities in Receipt of Radiotherapy and Survival by Age, Sex, and Ethnicity among Patient with Stage I Follicular Lymphoma.

Background: Radiotherapy (RT) is a first-line treatment option for stage I follicular lymphoma (FL). We studied disparities in receipt of RT and survival among patients with stage I FL.

Methods: Adult patients (age ≥18 years) with stage I FL, as the first primary cancer, diagnosed between 1992 and 2007 were identified using Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) 18 database.

Survival in advanced diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in pre- and post-rituximab Eras in the United States.

Background: Rituximab was approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as a first-line agent for treatment of advanced diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) in February 2006. We conducted this population-based study to determine if the results from the clinical trials have translated into survival benefit in the general population.

Patients And Methods: We selected patients with advanced diffuse large B-cell lymphoma from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End RESULTS (SEER) 18 database, and calculated relative survival rates for patients diagnosed from 2002-2005 (pre-rituximab) and 2006-2009 (post-rituximab).

Disparities in receipt of radiotherapy and survival by age, sex and ethnicity among patients with stage I diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

Disparities in cancer care have been documented. However, less is known about the disparities in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). We reviewed the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results database to evaluate disparities in receipt of radiotherapy (RT) and relative survival among patients diagnosed with stage I DLBCL between 1998 and 2008 on the basis of age, sex and ethnicity.

Implementing a systems-oriented morbidity and mortality conference in remote rural Nepal for quality improvement.

Problem: In hospitals in rural, resource-limited settings, there is an acute need for simple, practical strategies to improve healthcare quality.

Setting: A district hospital in remote western Nepal.

Key Measures For Improvement: To provide a mechanism for systems-level reflection so that staff can identify targets for quality improvement in healthcare delivery.