Risk estimation for recurrent cardiovascular events using the SMART-REACH model and direct inpatient cost profiling in Indonesian ASCVD patients: a large-scale multicenter study.

Introduction: With atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) cases increasing in Indonesia, there is a growing need to identify high-risk patients for recurrent cardiovascular events. Risk stratification could guide optimal secondary preventive therapy. Understanding the ASCVD direct inpatient costs could further provide insight in reducing the economic burden that comes with Indonesia's high number ASCVD cases.

Predicting multi-vascular diseases in patients with coronary artery disease.

Because of its systemic nature, the occurrence of atherosclerosis in the coronary arteries can also indicate a risk for other vascular diseases.  However, screening program targeted for all patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) is highly ineffective and no studies have assessed the risk factors for developing multi-vascular diseases in general. This study constructed a predictive model and scoring system to enable targeted screening for multi-vascular diseases in CAD patients.

Percutaneous transvenous mitral commissurotomy and transcatheter aortic valve replacement for rheumatic mitral and aortic stenosis.

Unlabelled: The indications for transfemoral transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) have been expanding; however, treatment protocol for patients with severe aortic stenosis with other significant valve disease is still controversial. Furthermore, there are few randomized data to guide therapy in multivalvular disease. We describe a successful percutaneous transvenous mitral commissurotomy and TAVR simultaneously.

Decrease in the Number of Patients Presenting With ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Across Catheterization Centers in Indonesia During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has become a global problem, put a heavy burden on the health care system, and resulted in many fatalities across the globe. A reduction in the number of cardiac emergencies, especially ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), is observed worldwide. In this study, we aimed to analyze the trends of cases and presentation of STEMI across several cardiac catheterization centers in Indonesia.

Increase in the risk of clopidogrel resistance and consequent TIMI flow impairment by DNA hypomethylation of CYP2C19 gene in STEMI patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI).

Clopidogrel resistance is an important risk factor of ischemic event recurrence after optimal antiplatelet therapy. This study aims to investigate the role of CYP2C19 gene DNA methylation as one of the epigenetic factors for the risk of clopidogrel resistance in STEMI patients undergoing PPCI. ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients undergoing PPCI were pretreated with clopidogrel, and their platelet function was measured using VerifyNow™ assay.

Improved clinical outcome with biodegradable polymer drug-eluting stents compared to durable polymer drug-eluting stents for primary percutaneous coronary intervention.

Background: Studies comparing the clinical outcomes of second-generation biodegradable polymer drug-eluting stents (BP-DES) and second-generation durable polymer drug-eluting stents (DP-DES) in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) with follow-up duration of more than 1 year are still limited.

Objective: This study aimed to compare the 2-year clinical outcome of BP-DES with second-generation DP-DES in patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI).

Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study in patients with STEMI, the primary endpoint was major adverse cardiac events (MACE) defined as recurrent myocardial infarction, total repeat revascularisation and cardiac death.

The effect of early dual antiplatelet timing on the microvascular resistance and ventricular function in primary percutaneous coronary intervention.

Although dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) has been shown to improve index of microcirculatory resistance (IMR), the importance of the early DAPT administration on IMR and left ventricular function has not been clearly defined. In this study, we aimed to assess whether early DAPT administration affect IMR, epicardial flow, and left ventricular function in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).This was a prospective non-randomized study on STEMI receiving primary PCI in a tertiary hospital.

The use of renin angiotensin system inhibitor on mortality in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: and Aims; To investigate the association between use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI)/angiotensin-receptor blocker (ARB) and outcomes of hypertensive COVID-19 patients, a systematic review and meta-analysis were performed.

Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, EuropePMC, ProQuest, and Cochrane Central Databases using the terms "(COVID-19 OR SARS-CoV-2) AND (angiotensin converting enzyme OR angiotensin receptor blocker)". The primary and second outcomes were mortality (non-survivor) and severe COVID-19, respectively.

Direct vs preimplantation balloon valvuloplasty in transcatheter aortic valve replacement-Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials and prospective-matched cohorts.

Background: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of direct vs preimplantation balloon valvuloplasty (predilatation) before transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR).

Methods: We performed a systematic literature search up until March 2020 from PubMed, SCOPUS, EuropePMC, Cochrane Central Database, ProQuest, and ClinicalTrials.gov.

Effect of thrombus aspiration on microcirculatory resistance and ventricular function in patients with high thrombus burden.

Background: Studies have not demonstrated consistent outcomes following thrombus aspiration in Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PPCI). We investigated the relationship between thrombus aspiration and microvascular obstruction as measured using Index of Microcirculatory Resistance (IMR) immediately following PPCI and Left Ventricle Function Improvement measured using Global Longitudinal Strain (GLS) six months following PPCI. Our aim is to determine microvascular obstruction and left ventricle function improvement six months following thrombus aspiration during PPCI.

Comparison between radial versus femoral percutaneous coronary intervention access in Indonesian hospitals, 2017-2018: A prospective observational study of a national registry.

Background: Coronary heart disease is a leading cause of death in Indonesia and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is a routinely performed procedure. The aim of this study is to provide real-world insight on the demographics of coronary artery disease and comparison between radial compared to femoral PCI in Indonesia, which performed radial access whenever possible.

Methods: This is a prospective cohort study involving 5420 patients with coronary artery disease who underwent PCI at 9 participating centers in the period of January 2017-December 2018.

Nicorandil Reduces the Incidence of Contrast-Induced Nephropathy in Patients Undergoing Coronary Angiography/Intervention - Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials Including GRADE Qualification.

Background: Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is associated with increased mortality and morbidity in patients undergoing coronary angiography (CAG) and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). We aimed to assess the latest evidence on the effect of nicorandil on the incidence of CIN in patients undergoing CAG/PCI.

Methods: We performed a comprehensive search on topics that assessed nicorandil and CIN in CAG/PCI patients from inception up until November 2019 through several electronic databases.

Fragmented QRS and QRS Duration As a Marker of Myocardial Reperfusion Measured by Myocardial Blush Grade in Reperfusion Therapy: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Myocardial blush grade (MBG) is an indicator of microvascular perfusion and patency and an independent predictor of cardiac outcomes. QRS duration and fragmented QRS (fQRS) before reperfusion and its changes after reperfusion are shown to be associated with MBG. We aimed to assess the latest evidence on the association between fQRS and QRS duration with MBG in reperfusion therapy.

Is Anticoagulant Necessary in Patients with Coronary Artery Ectasia Presenting with Acute Coronary Syndrome? A Systematic Review of Case Reports.

Coronary artery ectasia is found in 3 to 8% of patient's undergoing angiography and may sometimes induce acute myocardial infarction. Some articles reported a recurrence of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in the presence of coronary artery ectasia (CAE). Our study aims to summarize the latest evidence on whether the use of anticoagulant in addition to SAPT/DAPT (single antiplatelet/dual antiplatelet) treating ACS with CAE patients is necessary.

Clinical significance of bendopnea in heart failure-Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Bendopnea is a symptom mediated by increased ventricular filling pressure during bending forward. Presence of bendopnea in patients can be easily evaluated without additional maneuver in several countries whose norms, habits, culture, and occupation relates to a higher frequency of bending forward. This information may prove valuable in routine clinical practice.