Genetic Variation in Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor 2A Associated with Increased Pancreatic Cancer Risk.

Introduction: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is associated with an inferior prognosis. Therefore, a focus has been on identifying new biomarkers for early diagnosis and predicting patient survival. Recent studies on the entire human genome have pinpointed prevalent genetic alterations on chromosome 9p21 that heighten the vulnerability to cancer.

The therapeutic potential of red beetroot ( L.) intake on muscle atrophy in immobilized mouse skeletal muscles.

Skeletal muscle atrophy is the reduction in muscle mass and function caused by an imbalance in protein synthesis and degradation. Inflammation has been shown to accelerate protein degradation during periods of muscle inactivity. We investigated the potential therapeutic effects of beetroot extract (BRE) in reducing inflammation and oxidative stress to prevent muscular atrophy after a short period of immobilization.

NOTCH and PTP4A3 alterations emerge as novel predictive biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets in pleural mesothelioma.

Background: Previous studies showed opposite effects of NOTCH1 and NOTCH2 on mesothelioma cell survival under hypoxia. Mechanisms underlying these effects are not still clear and this pathway plays a key role in angiogenesis and cancer stem cells (CSCs) self-renewal processes.

Purpose: In this study we evaluated whether NOTCH1, NOTCH2 copy number alterations (CNAs) might predict prognosis of patients with pleural mesothelioma (PM) and if the modulation of this pathway might target CSCs, potentiating pemetrexed activity, also in hypoxic conditions.

Evaluating the Therapeutic Efficacy of Lactobacillus Strains in the Management of Ulcerative Colitis: An Overview of Recent Advances.

Ulcerative Colitis (UC) known as a sub-category of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) is a longterm condition that causes inflammation, irritation, and ulcers in the colon and rectum. Though the precise pathogenesis of UC is not fully understood yet, impaired immune responses and imbalanced intestinal microbiome composition have been regarded as two main key players in colitis pathobiology. As conventional treatments are challenged with limitations and side effects, finding a new therapeutic approach has gained increasing attention.

The Therapeutic Potential of Targeting Tumor Microenvironment and Modulation of Immunotherapy in Gastrointestinal Cancer.

Immunotherapy, as a novel treatment approach for various disorders, including cancers, is designed to either stimulate or suppress the immune system with high speci-ficity. The recent achievements of this therapy in clinical trials are set to transform tradi-tional treatment methods. Furthermore, it holds promise for enhancing the survival rates of patients suffering from both metastatic cancers and primary stages.

Oenothera biennis improves pregnancy outcomes by suppressing inflammation and fibrosis in an intra-uterine adhesion rat model.

Intrauterine adhesion (IUA), also referred to as Asherman's syndrome, is characterized by fibrosis, inflammation, and can cause amenorrhea and infertility due to abnormal endometrial healing. Histological and Molecular methods were used to evaluate the efficacy of EPO, which is traditionally known for its anti-inflammatory and fibrinolytic properties, in preventing the formation of IUA. Oral administration of EPO reduced the formation of adhesion bands and promoted endometrial regeneration.

Identification of miR-20a as a Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarker in Colorectal Cancer: MicroRNA Sequencing and Machine Learning Analysis.

Introduction: The differential expression of miRNAs, a key regulator in many cell signaling pathways, has been studied in various malignancies and may have an important role in cancer progression, including colorectal cancer (CRC).

Method: The present study used machine learning and gene interaction study tools to explore the prognostic and diagnostic value of miRNAs in CRC. Integrative analysis of 353 CRC samples and normal tissue data was obtained from the TCGA database and further analyzed by R packages to define the deferentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs).

Interaction of High- and Low-Risk Human Papillomavirus Genotypes is Associated with a Reduced Risk of Developing Cervical Cancer.

Introduction: Cervical cancer is among the most common types of cancer in women and is associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. The association between cervical cancer and high-risk HPV infection has been well documented. However, the effect of simultaneous infection with high- and low-risk HPV or low-risk HPV alone on the risk of developing cervical malignancy remains unanswered in guidelines.

Exploring Hepatocellular Carcinoma Pathogenesis: The Influence of Genetic Polymorphisms.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is influenced by several factors, among which genetic polymorphisms play a key role. Polymorphisms in various genes affect key pathways involved in HCC development, including metabolism, expression of inflammatory cytokines, cell proliferation, and apoptosis regulation. These polymorphisms induce differential effects on susceptibility to HCC, disease progression, and treatment outcomes.

Diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarkers in gastric cancer: from conventional to novel biomarkers.

Gastric cancer is a major health concern worldwide. The survival rate of Gastric cancer greatly depends on the stage at which it is diagnosed. Early diagnosis is critical for improving survival outcomes.

Darifenacin: a promising chitinase 3-like 1 inhibitor to tackle drug resistance in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Purpose: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is among the most aggressive malignancies. Our previous work revealed Chitinase 3-like 1 (CHI3L1) involvement in PDAC resistance to gemcitabine, identifying it as a promising therapeutic target. Here, we aimed to identify putative CHI3L1 inhibitors and to investigate their chemosensitizing potential in PDAC.

The therapeutic potential of Wild Bitter Melon to ameliorate muscle atrophy in a murine model.

Objective: Muscle atrophy due to immobility is a common complication of many diseases and a consequence of therapeutic processes. Immobility and inactivity have been shown to be associated with increased inflammation. The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic potential of Wild Bitter Melon (WBM) (Momordica charantia Linn) on muscle atrophy due to immobility in a mouse model.

Therapeutic potency of curcumin on radiodermatitis: A systematic review.

Objective: Radiodermatitis (RD) is a frequent adverse event of radiotherapy (RT). Currently, there is no consensus and approved protocol for the treatment of RD. Curcumin (CUR) is a natural polyphenol obtained from turmeric and it has low intrinsic toxicity in humans.

Maximizing Treatment Options for IBD through Drug Repurposing.

Chronic inflammation characterizes Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), encompassing Crohn's Disease (CD) and Ulcerative Colitis (UC). Despite modest activity of disease in most UC patients, exacerbations occur, especially in those with severe symptoms, necessitating interventions, like colectomy. Current treatments for IBD, predominantly small molecule therapies, impose significant economic burdens.

Nanotechnological Advances in the Diagnosis of Gynecological Cancers and Nanotheranostics.

Gynecological cancers are one of the main causes of female mortality worldwide. Despite the various strategies to reduce mortality and improve quality of life, there are still many deficiencies in the diagnosis and treatment of gynecological cancers. One of the important steps to ensure optimal cancer treatment is the early detection of cancer cells and the use of drugs to reduce toxicity.

The Long Noncoding RNA PANDAR as a Prognostic and Diagnostic Biomarker in Panceratic Cancer ‏‏.

Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a lethal complication in the world, affecting around half a million individuals each year. The treatment of PC is relatively difficult due to the difficulty in making an early diagnosis. Most PC patients are confronted with locally metastatic or advanced diseases in the asymptomatic phase, and about 80% have late diagnosis with metastasis.

The Role of Epigenetic Mechanisms in the Treatment of GI Cancers.

Epigenetic mechanisms have been shown to play a critical role in the development and progression of gastrointestinal [GI] cancers. These mechanisms involve modifications to DNA and histones that can alter gene expression patterns and may contribute to the initiation and progression of cancers. In recent years, epigenetic therapies have emerged as a promising approach to treating GI cancers.

Exploring Splicing Modulation as an Innovative Approach to Combat Pancreatic Cancer: SF3B1 Emerges as a Prognostic Indicator and Therapeutic Target.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) poses significant challenges in terms of prognosis and treatment. Recent research has identified splicing deregulation as a new cancer hallmark. Herein, we investigated the largely uncharacterized alternative splicing profile and the key splicing factor SF3B1 in PDAC pancreatic cells and tissues as a potential discovery source of plausible drug targets and new predictive biomarkers of clinical outcome.

The therapeutic potential of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor enalapril to ameliorate muscle atrophy in a murine model.

Muscle atrophy due to limb immobilization and inactivity is a common consequence of many diseases and treatment processes. One of the systems activated in inflammatory conditions is the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effects of one of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, enalapril, on improving muscle atrophy caused by immobility.

Biosensors for Detection of Hepatitis B Virus: Review.

Hepatitis B is still one of the most important infectious diseases among humans, which is considered a serious threat to their lives. Early diagnosis of this disease can be an effective measure in stopping the chain of transmission and treatment of the disease. In this review study, an attempt has been made to explain the use of biosensors as a fast, high-efficiency, and low-cost method in diagnosis.