Mucinous Borderline Tumors of the Pelvicalyceal System: Report of Two Tumors With Molecular Findings and Review of Literature.

Mucinous borderline tumors of the pelvicalyceal system are exceedingly rare tumors with very little information regarding their clinicopathological characteristics and molecular underpinnings in the published literature. Herein, we report two mucinous borderline tumors and review the literature pertaining to these tumors. The patients were women who presented with flank pain without any history of nephrolithiasis.

Multi-scale reactor designs extend the physical limits of fixation.

valorization is a promising strategy for climate adaptation and transitioning towards a circular carbon economy. Here, we present a multi-scale, integrated systems approach for designing biomanufacturing systems that can utilize as a feedstock, focusing on the Wood-Ljungdahl and reductive glycine pathways. This approach relies on first principles, coupling the optimization of pathway and process variables.

Using a non-precious metal catalyst for long-term enhancement of methane production in a zero-gap microbial electrosynthesis cell.

Microbial electrosynthesis (MES) cells exploit the ability of microbes to convert CO into valuable chemical products such as methane and acetate, but high rates of chemical production may need to be mediated by hydrogen and thus require a catalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). To avoid the usage of precious metal catalysts and examine the impact of the catalyst on the rate of methane generation by microbes on the electrode, we used a carbon felt cathode coated with NiMo/C and compared performance to a bare carbon felt or a Pt/C-deposited cathode. A zero-gap configuration containing a cation exchange membrane was developed to produce a low internal resistance, limit pH changes, and enhance direct transport of H to microorganisms on the biocathode.

Prostatic adenocarcinoma: molecular underpinnings and treatment-related options.

Prostate cancer is heterogeneous with varied pathologic features and presents with a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations from indolent to advanced cancer. Interrogation of the molecular landscape of prostate cancer has unveiled the complex genomic alterations in these tumors, which significantly impacts tumor biology. The documented array of chromosomal alterations, gene fusions, and epigenetic changes not only play a crucial role in oncogenesis and disease progression, but also impacts response and resistance to various therapeutic modalities.

A data-driven approach for timescale decomposition of biochemical reaction networks.

Understanding the dynamics of biological systems in evolving environments is a challenge due to their scale and complexity. Here, we present a computational framework for the timescale decomposition of biochemical reaction networks to distill essential patterns from their intricate dynamics. This approach identifies timescale hierarchies, concentration pools, and coherent structures from time-series data, providing a system-level description of reaction networks at physiologically important timescales.

Inferred regulons are consistent with regulator binding sequences in E. coli.

The transcriptional regulatory network (TRN) of E. coli consists of thousands of interactions between regulators and DNA sequences. Regulons are typically determined either from resource-intensive experimental measurement of functional binding sites, or inferred from analysis of high-throughput gene expression datasets.

Sympathetic nerve blocks for posttraumatic stress disorder: an evidentiary review for future clinical trials.

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a chronic disorder resulting from exposure to traumatic events. In recent years, sympathetic nerve blocks have gained interest as an emerging treatment modality for PTSD. They have been shown to reduce autonomic dysfunction associated with PTSD symptoms, particularly in refractory and treatment-resistant patients.

Dental service utilization and the COVID-19 pandemic, a micro-data analysis.

Background: Global crises and disease pandemics, such as COVID-19, negatively affect dental care utilization by several factors, such as infection anxiety, disrupted supply chains, economic contraction, and household income reduction. Exploring the pattern of this effect can help policy makers to be prepared for future crises. The present study aimed to investigate the financial impact of COVID-19 disruptions on dental service utilization.

The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic and Lockdown on Adult Foot and Ankle Fractures Presenting to the Largest Trust in the United Kingdom.

Background The COVID-19 pandemic induced unprecedented changes in medical practices, prompting a reassessment of their impact on adult foot and ankle fractures within the National Health Service (NHS). This study employs a retrospective observational approach, leveraging the Pathpoint™ eTrauma platform for a comprehensive analysis of prospectively collected data. Methods Data encompassing weekly fracture incidence, weekly surgical procedures, patient demographics, and mean wait time from injury presentation to surgery were systematically evaluated.

A data-driven approach for timescale decomposition of biochemical reaction networks.

Understanding the dynamics of biological systems in evolving environments is a challenge due to their scale and complexity. Here, we present a computational framework for timescale decomposition of biochemical reaction networks to distill essential patterns from their intricate dynamics. This approach identifies timescale hierarchies, concentration pools, and coherent structures from time-series data, providing a system-level description of reaction networks at physiologically important timescales.

Influence of different modes of exercise training on inflammatory markers in older adults with and without chronic diseases: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Ageing can be accompanied by increased inflammation, which contributes to the development of sarcopenia. Exercise training could be effective for preventing sarcopenia and mitigate inflammation and thus a viable intervention in ageing. Therefore, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the effects of exercise training on markers of inflammation including interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and C-reactive protein (CRP) in older adults (≥65 years).

The Impact of the Preferred Reporting Items for Case Reports in Endodontics (PRICE) 2020 Guidelines on the Reporting of Endodontic Case Reports.

Aim The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of the Preferred Reporting Items for Case reports in Endodontics (PRICE) 2020 guideline on the reporting of published endodontic case reports (CRs). Methodology All case reports published in the International Endodontic Journal, European Endodontic Journal, Journal of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics, in the year before and after the release of PRICE 2020, were included for analysis. Two panels comprising dentists scored case reports against a scoring system adapted from the guideline.

Metabolic homeostasis and growth in abiotic cells.

Metabolism constitutes the core chemistry of life. How it began on the early Earth and whether it had a cellular origin are still uncertain. A leading hypothesis for life's origins postulates that metabolism arose from geochemical CO-fixing pathways, driven by inorganic catalysts and energy sources, long before enzymes or genes existed.

Value of Drains in Soft-Tissue Tumour Surgery: A Specialist Regional Centre Experience.

Background The mainstay of therapy in most soft-tissue tumours (STTs) is excision. However, this often results in blood/extracellular fluid collection within large dead spaces necessitating the use of surgical drains. Whether meticulous attention to haemostasis, careful closure of dead space, and use of compression bandage obviates the need for drains was investigated.

A Review and Comparison of the Efficacy of Prophylactic Interventional Radiological Arterial Occlusions in Placenta Accreta Spectrum Patients: A Meta-analysis.

Rationale And Objectives: Placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) disorders are increasingly common and associated with significant maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality due to the associated risk of massive haemorrhage. Currently prophylactic interventional radiology (IR) arterial occlusion is being performed occluding either the internal iliac artery (IIA), abdominal aorta (AA) or uterine artery (UA) in order to prevent this blood loss. The aim of this meta-analysis is to identify whether these IR procedures are effective in reducing estimated blood loss (EBL) and hysterectomy rates and if so which method achieves the optimal results METHODS: A literature search was conducted to acquire case-control studies assessing EBL and hysterectomies performed following IR arterial occlusion in PAS patients, yielding 16 results.

Expression and Purification of Human Granzyme B Fusion Protein to Induce Targeted Apoptosis in PSMA Positive Prostate Cancer Cells.

Background: Granzyme B can induce apoptosis in target cells by direct and indirect activation of caspases and cleavage of central caspase substrates. Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a type II transmembrane glycoprotein and its expression increases following prostate cancer progression.

Objective: In this study, we designed a fusion protein including mutant granzyme B, the influenza virus hemagglutinin HA-2 N-terminal, and PSMA ligand to construct GrB-HA-PSMA ligand fusion protein as a molecular agent for selective targeting of PSMA-positive (LNCaP) cells.

Positively charged mineral surfaces promoted the accumulation of organic intermediates at the origin of metabolism.

Identifying plausible mechanisms for compartmentalization and accumulation of the organic intermediates of early metabolic cycles in primitive cells has been a major challenge in theories of life's origins. Here, we propose a mechanism, where positive membrane potentials elevate the concentration of the organic intermediates. Positive membrane potentials are generated by positively charged surfaces of protocell membranes due to accumulation of transition metals.