Research practice, satisfaction, motivation, and challenges among university academics in Kurdistan Region of Iraq.

Background: Researchers in universities and academic institutions must be in a leading position in generating research evidence to inform and direct national policies and strategies, improve service delivery, and achieve the main objectives. This study aimed to determine the factors that promote or hinder research productivity and quality among university academics in Kurdistan Region of Iraq.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 949 university academics from all public universities in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq.

Sunlight harvesting for heat generation inside water using biosynthesized magnetite nanoparticles.

A low-cost, simple, inexpensive, and environmentally friendly method has been employed for synthesizing magnetite nanoparticles (FeO NPs). In this study, weeping willow ( L.) aqueous leaf extract has been utilized as a reducing, capping, and stabilizing agent.