Elevated body mass index in modified natural cycle frozen euploid embryo transfers is not associated with live birth rate.

Purpose: To assess the impact of elevated BMI on the success of modified natural cycle frozen embryo transfers (mNC-FET) of euploid embryos.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study at a single academic institution reviewed mNC-FET involving single euploid blastocysts from 2016 to 2020. Comparison groups were divided by pre-pregnancy BMI (kg/m) category: normal weight (18.

Pregnancy and neonatal outcomes of letrozole versus natural cycle frozen embryo transfer of autologous euploid blastocyst.

Purpose: To investigate the pregnancy and neonatal outcomes of letrozole-stimulated frozen embryo transfer (LTZ-FET) cycles compared with natural FET cycles (NC-FET).

Methods: Our retrospective cohort included all LTZ-FET (n = 161) and NC-FET (n = 575) cycles that transferred a single euploid autologous blastocyst from 2016 to 2020 at Stanford Fertility Center. The LTZ-FET protocol entailed 5 mg of daily letrozole for 5 days starting on cycle day 2 or 3.

The impact of euploid blastocyst morphology and maternal age on pregnancy and neonatal outcomes in natural cycle frozen embryo transfers.

Purpose: To evaluate whether morphology impacts the pregnancy and neonatal outcomes of euploid blastocysts, and whether maternal age still affects outcomes when top-graded, euploid blastocysts are used.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included all natural-cycle frozen embryo transfers (NC-FET) using an autologous, euploid blastocyst from June 2016 to June 2020 (n = 610). There were five groups based on embryo grade: AA, AB, BA, BB, and "any C".

Withholding antibiotics does not reduce clinical pregnancy outcomes of natural cycle frozen embryo transfers.

Objective: To assess the impact of withholding doxycycline on the success rate of natural cycle frozen embryo transfers (NC-FET).

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Single academic institution.

Spontaneous Conception during In Vitro Fertilization prior to Embryo Transfer without the Opportunity for Preimplantation Genetic Testing.

In addition to the potential for multiple pregnancy, spontaneous conception during in vitro fertilization (IVF) can lead to undesired genetic outcomes. We present a case of a patient undergoing IVF with the intention of subsequent frozen embryo transfer after preimplantation genetic testing (PGT). Unprotected intercourse 6 days prior to egg retrieval resulted in a spontaneous pregnancy before the opportunity for embryo transfer.

Transvaginal Ultrasonographic Rates of Folliculogenesis Among Oligomenorrheic Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

Objective: To probe the rate of folliculogenesis among women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) who are oligomenorrheic, and to compare parameters among the group that de- veloped follicles with those who did not to determine how the 2 groups differed.

Study Design: A pro- spective cohort study per- formed on women with PCOS who gave a history of regular menstrual cycles less frequent than every 35 days. Transvaginal ultra- sound and urinary luteinizing hormone kits (ovulation predictor) were used to determine the development of a dominant follicle.

In vitro fertilization outcomes after fresh and frozen blastocyst transfer in South Asian compared with Caucasian women.

Objective: To study pregnancy outcomes between South Asian and Caucasian women undergoing frozen blastocyst transfer cycles.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Not applicable.

Drug-Induced Thrombocytopenia following a Transvaginal Oocyte Retrieval for In Vitro Fertilization.

Drug-induced immune thrombocytopenia has been associated with hundreds of medications and can lead to devastating consequences for the patient. We present a case of a healthy 33-year-old female undergoing in vitro fertilization who developed a severe drug-induced thrombocytopenia, petechiae, and a large hemoperitoneum after receiving Cefazolin antibiotic prophylaxis for a transvaginal oocyte retrieval. The patient was admitted to the intensive care unit for resuscitation with blood products.

The role of serum testosterone in early pregnancy outcome: a comparison in women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome.

Objective: Hyperandrogenic conditions in women are associated with increased rates of miscarriage. However, the specific role of maternal testosterone in early pregnancy and its association with pregnancy outcome is unknown. The purpose of this study was to compare serum testosterone levels during early pregnancy in women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) who either had successful pregnancies or miscarried.

Frequency of the male infertility evaluation: data from the national survey of family growth.

Purpose: An estimated 7 million American couples per year seek infertility care in the United States. A male factor contributes to 50% of cases but it is unclear what proportion of infertile couples undergoes male evaluation.

Materials And Methods: We analyzed data from cycles 5 to 7 of the National Survey of Family Growth performed by the Centers for Disease Control to determine the frequency of a male infertility evaluation, and associated reproductive and demographic factors.

Outcomes of trophectoderm biopsy on cryopreserved blastocysts: a case series.

Preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) is an increasingly common adjunct to IVF. The information gained from PGD may be used to reduce the incidence of chromosomally abnormal pregnancies and augment the current selection process of embryos. As such, patients may choose to utilize PGD in either fresh or cryopreserved IVF cycles.

Successful frozen blastocyst transfers after failed fresh transfers in assisted reproductive technologies patients with hydrosalpinx.

Untreated hydrosalpinx is known to decrease in vitro fertilization success. We report on 4 patients with hydrosalpinx for whom fresh transfers of 11 good quality embryos did not produce a pregnancy; however, frozen blastocyst transfers in natural cycles resulted in several successful pregnancies, with an implantation rate of 60% (9/15 blastocysts implanted).

Age-Related Success with Elective Single versus Double Blastocyst Transfer.

Background. Although the optimal outcome of assisted reproductive technology (ART) is a healthy singleton pregnancy, the rate of twin gestation from ART in women over the age of 35 is persistently high. Methods/Findings.

Early pregnancy testosterone after ovarian stimulation and pregnancy outcome.

Objective: To examine early pregnancy (EP) testosterone (T) after ovarian stimulation and its effect on singleton pregnancy outcomes.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Setting: University-based tertiary care center.

Ovarian stimulation and the risk of aneuploid conceptions.

Objective: To examine the rate of aneuploidy in missed abortions in patients who conceived after FSH ovarian stimulation compared with women who conceived in a natural cycle.

Design: Retrospective cohort.

Setting: Academic reproductive endocrinology and infertility center.

Day 2 versus day 3 embryo transfer in poor responders: a prospective randomized trial.

Day 2 embryo transfer has been suggested as a method to improve pregnancy rates in poor responders compared with day 3 transfer. Our prospective randomized controlled trial does not show a difference in outcomes based on day of embryo transfer.

The effect of air bubble position after blastocyst transfer on pregnancy rates in IVF cycles.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between air bubble position after blastocyst transfer (BT) and pregnancy rates (PRs).

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: University-based infertility center.

Is infertility a risk factor for female sexual dysfunction? A case-control study.

Objective: To determine the impact of infertility on female sexual function.

Design: A case-control study.

Setting: Academic infertility and gynecology practices.

Karyotype of miscarriages in relation to maternal weight.

Background: Obesity has been identified as a risk factor for spontaneous miscarriage although the mechanism is unclear. The purpose of this study is to better understand the effect of obesity on early pregnancy success by examining the cytogenetic results of miscarriages in women with normal and elevated body mass index (BMI).

Methods: We conducted a retrospective case-control study in an academic infertility practice.

Asian ethnicity and poor outcomes after in vitro fertilization blastocyst transfer.

Objective: To estimate the effect of ethnicity on in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcomes after blastocyst transfer.

Methods: We conducted a review of fresh blastocyst transfer IVF cycles from January 1, 2005, to December 31, 2006. Data collection included demographic information, infertility history, treatment protocol details, and treatment outcomes.

Poor prognosis with in vitro fertilization in Indian women compared to Caucasian women despite similar embryo quality.

Background: Disease prevalence and response to medical therapy may differ among patients of diverse ethnicities. Poor outcomes with in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment have been previously shown in Indian women compared to Caucasian women, and some evidence suggests that poor embryo quality may be a cause for the discrepancy. In our center, only patients with the highest quality cleavage stage embryos are considered eligible for extending embryo culture to the blastocyst stage.

Etiology of recurrent pregnancy loss in women over the age of 35 years.

Objective: To determine the rate of embryonic chromosomal abnormalities, thrombophilias, and uterine anomalies in women over the age of 35 years with recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL).

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Academic reproductive endocrinology and infertility clinic.

Embryo quality before and after surgical treatment of endometriosis in infertile patients.

Purpose: To investigate the hypothesis that surgical treatment of endometriosis in infertile patients may improve pregnancy rates by improving embryo quality.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective evaluation of 30 infertile patients treated with in vitro fertilization (IVF) before and after surgery for endometriosis. Patients served as their own controls and only cycles with similar stimulation protocols were compared.

Two cases of cholestasis in the first trimester of pregnancy after ovarian hyperstimulation.

Objective: To report two cases of early onset cholestasis of pregnancy associated with IVF and ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome.

Design: Case report.

Setting: University-based IVF program.

Effect of methotrexate exposure on subsequent fertility in women undergoing controlled ovarian stimulation.

Objective: To evaluate the pregnancy rate, ovarian responsiveness, and endometrial thickness in infertility patients with a history of methotrexate exposure who subsequently underwent controlled ovarian stimulation.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: University reproductive endocrinology and infertility program.