Location of Vascular Structures at Risk in Relation to Sacroiliac Joint Fusion.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort.

Objective: This study seeks to establish the normal distribution of the vasculature surrounding the SI joint while also demonstrating associations between distribution and laterality, sex, and ethnicity.

Summary Of Background Data: Sacroiliac (SI) joint fusion surgery has emerged as a viable treatment option for patients suffering from low back pain due to chronic SI joint dysfunction.

Glycosyltransferase enzymatic assays: Overview and comparative analysis.

Glycosyltransferases (GTs) are enzymes that catalyze the transfer of an activated sugar donor to a variety of acceptors including proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, and other small molecules. GTs participate in numerous cellular and physiological processes in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Those include prokaryotic cell wall biogenesis, eukaryotic post-translational protein modifications, extracellular matrix synthesis, cell signaling, biofilm formation and many others.

High Amphiregulin Expression in Intestinal Biopsies of Pediatric Patients with Severe Acute Graft-Versus-Host Disease.

Acute graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) is a major complication of hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). Despite of recent advances in prophylaxis, diagnosis and treatment it is still a serious cause of morbidity and mortality after HCT. Amphiregulin (AREG) is an epidermal growth factor receptor ligand known for restoring damaged intestinal tissue.

Therapeutic Effect of Rosolic Acid against Endothelial Dysfunction in Diabetic Wistar Rats.

Introduction: Endothelial dysfunction (ED) results from impaired vascular endothelial cell function, disrupting key processes such as hemostasis, vascular tone regulation, vasculogenesis, angiogenesis, and inflammation. These processes are mediated by a complex signaling network involving hormones, cytokines, and chemokines. ED is recognized as a major contributor to the onset and progression of several micro- and macrovascular diseases, including diabetes.

Short path molecular distillation of the essential oil from oleoresin affords volatile fractions with powerful antioxidant and antimicrobial activities comparable with common synthetic agents and antimicrobials.

The primary purposes of this work were to study the influence of the distillation temperature on the yield of the turpentine essential oil hydrodistilled from the oleoresin and to obtain products with powerful bioactivities by short path molecular distillation of the oil. Our findings showed that the hydrodistillation temperature affected the yield as well as the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of the essential oil: the highest yield (20.27 %) and bioactivities were obtained for the oil distilled at 180 °C.

Design and implementation of PLA/GO/metal oxide composites for CO sensing application.

This study investigates the modification of polylactic acid (PLA) by the incorporation of graphene oxide (GO) and metal oxides (ZnO and CuO), with the aim of developing efficient CO₂ sensors. Key properties, including total dipole moment (TDM), energy gap (ΔE), molecular electrostatic potential (MESP), and density of states (DOS), were calculated using density functional theory (DFT) to gain insight into the interactions between the composites and CO₂ gas. Experimental techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and optical confocal microscopy were used to validate the material composition and bonding mechanisms.

Near-Infrared Light-Responsive Molybdenum Disulfide Nanosheets for Controlling the Release of Nimodipine as NIR-Drug Delivery System.

Here, we present a photothermally triggered drug delivery nanosystem MoS-NIMO-CHIT-SH, using the thiolated chitosan (CHIT-SH)-modified molybdenum disulfide (MoS) nanosheets as near-infrared (NIR) photo-responsive carriers, loaded with the dihydropyridine calcium antagonist drug Nimodipine (NIMO). Although NIMO is used to treat stroke, migraine, Alzheimer's disease, cerebrovascular spasms, and hypertension, this drug is poorly water-soluble, with low bioavailability and lack of selectivity. Thus, there is an urgent need for a novel approach to creating NIMO formulations that are safe, effective, and have better solubility and bioavailability.

Evaluating Pelvic Floor Disorder Care Among Racially Minoritized Women: A Focus Group Analysis.

Objective: To evaluate barriers to care for minority women with pelvic floor disorders (PFDs) through qualitative analysis of focus groups focused on awareness, patient-provider relationships, and health-related social needs.

Methods: Four semi-structured focus groups involving Hispanic or African American women with diagnosed PFDs recruited from the urogynecology clinic were conducted. Two focus groups were conducted in Spanish for Hispanic Spanish-speaking women (HS) (n = 7), one for Hispanic English-speaking (n = 2), and one for African American English-speaking (n = 4) women in English.

Assessing serum and biopsy biomarkers for predicting allergic asthma severity: a comprehensive study.

Background: Allergic asthma is a chronic respiratory condition characterized by inflammation and constriction of the airways in response to specific allergens. This study aimed to assess serum and biopsy biomarkers to predict the severity of allergic asthma.

Methods: A total of 18 allergic asthma patients and 15 healthy controls (HCs) were included from April to August 2021 in Par hospital, Erbil-Iraq.

Significant Publications on Infectious Diseases Pharmacotherapy in 2023.

To provide a summarization of the most significant infectious diseases (ID) pharmacotherapy articles published in peer-reviewed literature in 2023. Members of the Houston Infectious Diseases Network (HIDN) nominated notable articles providing significant contributions to ID pharmacotherapy in 2023. Article nominations included those pertaining to general ID and human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) pharmacotherapy.

Remote Monitoring for the Management of Spasticity: Challenges, Opportunities and Proposed Technological Solution.

Spasticity is disabling feature of long-term neurological conditions that has substantial impact on people' quality of life. Assessing spasticity and determining the efficacy of current treatments is limited by the measurement tools available in clinical practice. We convened an expert panel of clinicians and engineers to identify a solution to this urgent clinical need.

A good night's rest: A contemporary review of sleep and cardiovascular health.

Sleep is increasingly recognized as a significant contributor to the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Recent American Heart Association guidelines incorporate sleep duration into the "Life's Essential Eight" framework of ideal cardiovascular health. This article will review the evidence relating sleep duration, regularity, and quality with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, cardiometabolic syndrome, and coronary artery disease in adults.

Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Promote Repairing the Bruised Tissue via Regulating mRNA Expression of Molecular Biomarkers and the Apoptotic Rate.

Background/aims: Bruise is the extravasation of blood that may be mild or severe. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) are one of the most promising cells used in regenerative medicine for treating many disorders. We aimed to evaluate the efficiency of BM-MSCs in treating cutaneous bruises.

Investigating the efficacy of gellan gum hydrogel films infused with Acacia stingless bee honey in wound healing.

Effective wound healing requires biocompatible and functional wound dressings. This study explores the synergistic potential of gellan gum (GG), known for its exceptional gel-forming abilities, and acacia stingless bee honey (SBH), for its potent antioxidant properties, in developing advanced wound care solutions. GG hydrogel films incorporated with varying concentrations of SBH (v/v) at 10 % (GGSBH10), 15 % (GGSBH15), and 20 % (GGSBH20) were characterized.

Tranexamic Acid in Pregnant Women With Placenta Previa: A Double-Blind, Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial.

Aims: To determine the effectiveness of tranexamic acid (TXA) in reducing vaginal bleeding, extending pregnancy duration, and enhancing perinatal outcomes in pregnant women with placenta previa.

Methods: A multicenter, randomized, double-blind clinical trial was conducted at three maternity teaching hospitals in Iraq's Kurdistan region, Azadi Hospital in the north of Iraq, and Al-Azhar University Hospital in Egypt on 146 women with placenta previa. Participants were randomly assigned to two interventional groups in a 1:1 ratio to receive either TXA or Dextrose 5% water (D5W).

Surgical management of a large plunging ranula: A case report and review of diagnostic challenges.

Introduction: Ranulas are mucous cysts that arise from the sublingual gland due to ductal obstruction or trauma. Plunging ranulas, a rare variant, extend into the neck and often present diagnostic challenges. Definitive surgical management is necessary to prevent recurrence and ensure successful outcomes.

Increasing patient viewership of complex imaging reports: The paradox of the Cures Act.

Background: As a result of the 21st Century Cures Act, radiology reports are immediately released to patients. We determine if readers of radiology reports, via electronic health records (EHRs), and radiology report complexity have changed post the implementation of the 21st Century Cures Act.

Methods: A retrospective observational study was used to analyze 10,000 radiology reports (equal split of CT, mammogram, MRI, X-ray, and ultrasound modalities) per year between 2013 and 2023.

Earlier diagnosis of small intestine neuroendocrine tumours (SI-NETs) through transformation of the South Wales NET service.

Small intestine neuroendocrine tumours (SI-NETs) are often diagnosed late with a UK median of 3 years and high misdiagnosis rates. Previous studies, largely based on patient surveys, offer little data on improving diagnosis. In 2017, the South Wales NET service underwent a nationally commissioned, systematic transformation, aiming to improve diagnosis through the development of a gastroenterology and surgical referral network, and education of these specialities.

Examining Gender Representation in US News and World Report Top 25 Urology Departments: Female Faculty Hold Lower Professorial Levels and Publication Rates Than Male Counterparts.

Objectives: To examine female representation in US News and World Report (USNWR) top 25 US Urology departments and identify trends of female representation in institutional roles.

Methods: Using the 2022 USNWR, we collected data from each institution's websites along with a compared geographically local cohort to evaluate the presence of female residents, female attendings, and professorial levels. First or last author faculty publications numbers were found using PubMed and Scopus in fiscal year 2022.

Dynamic Regulation OF The Chromatin Environment By Ash1L Modulates Human Neuronal Structure And Function.

Precise regulation of the chromatin environment through post-translational histone modification modulates transcription and controls brain development. Not surprisingly, mutations in a large number of histone-modifying enzymes underlie complex brain disorders. In particular, the histone methyltransferase ASH1L modifies histone marks linked to transcriptional activation and has been implicated in multiple neuropsychiatric disorders.

Release of complex imaging reports to patients, do radiologists trust AI to help?

Background: As a result of the 21st Century Cures Act, radiology reports are immediately released to patients. However, these reports are often too complex for the lay patient, potentially leading to stress and anxiety. While solutions such as patient portals or providing radiologist contact information have been proposed in the past, new generative artificial intelligence technologies like ChatGPT and Google Gemini may provide the most accessible and scalable method of simplifying radiology reports for patients.

De Novo Kaposi Sarcoma in an HIV-Negative Liver Transplant Recipient With Ulcerative Colitis and Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis.

De novo or viral reactivation cancers are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the solid organ transplant (SOT) population. Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is an aggressive disease which can lead to cholestatic liver damage and cirrhosis. PSC often cooccurs with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).

Triphenylamine-Based Conjugated Microporous Polymers as the Next Generation Organic Cathode Materials.

This paper presents a study on a novel porous polymer based on triphenylamine (LPCMP) as an excellent cathode material for lithium-ion batteries. Through structural design and a scalable post-synthesis approach, improvements in intrinsic conductivity, practical capacity, and redox potential in an organic cathode material is reported. The designed cathode achieves a notable capacity of 146 mAh g⁻¹ with an average potential of 3.

Impacts of mesenchymal stem cells and hyaluronic acid on inflammatory indicators and antioxidant defense in experimental ankle osteoarthritis.

Background: No effective treatment guarantees full recovery from osteoarthritis (OA), and few therapies have disadvantages.

Aim: To determine if bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) and hyaluronic acid (HA) treat ankle OA in Wistar rats.

Methods: BMMSCs were characterized using flow cytometry with detection of surface markers [cluster of differentiation 90 (CD90), CD105, CD34, and CD45].