Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes
December 2024
Prediabetes is the first stage of a continuum that extends through the diagnosis of clinical type 2 diabetes towards long-standing diabetes with multiple comorbidities. The diagnosis of prediabetes provides an opportunity to interrupt the diabetes continuum at an early stage to ensure long-term optimization of clinical outcomes. All people with prediabetes should receive intervention to improve their lifestyles (quality of diet and level of physical activity), as this has been proven beyond doubt to reduce substantially the risk of conversion to diabetes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Previous studies have reported a protective effect of type 2 diabetes on the incidence and progression of aortic aneurysms. We investigated whether this protective effect extends to aortic dissections.
Methods: Data from the US Nationwide Readmission Database (2016-2019) were analyzed.
Peripheral neuropathy (PN) significantly impacts the quality of life, causing substantial morbidity and increased mortality, as well as escalating healthcare costs. While PN can have various causes, the most common form, diabetic peripheral neuropathy, poses considerable risks for potential complications. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) affects over 50% of people with prediabetes and diabetes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF: Bariatric surgery is a central cornerstone in obesity treatment. We aimed to assess the impact of diabetes on the postoperative outcomes of bariatric surgery and compare three techniques: sleeve gastrectomy, Roux-en-Y, and gastric banding. : We extracted data from the National Inpatient Sample (2015-2019) using ICD codes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Monocytes play a central role in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular complications in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients through different mechanisms. We investigated diabetes-induced changes in lncRNA genes from T2D patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD), long-duration diabetes, and poor glycemic control.
Methods: We performed paired-end RNA sequencing of monocytes from 37 non-diabetes controls and 120 patients with T2D, of whom 86 had either macro or microvascular disease or both.
Aims: Primary hyperaldosteronism (PA) is a common cause of hypertension. It is more prevalent in patients with diabetes. We assessed the cardiovascular impact of PA in patients with established hypertension and diabetes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiabetes Res Clin Pract
June 2023
Aim: Cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN) has been suggested to be associated with hypoglycemia and impaired hypoglycemia unawareness. We have assessed the relationship between CAN and extensive measures of glucose variability (GV) in patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
Methods: Participants with diabetes underwent continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) to obtain measures of GV and the extent of hyperglycemia and hypoglycemia and cardiovascular autonomic reflex testing.
Objective: Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) has revealed that glycemic variability and low time in range are associated with albuminuria and retinopathy. We have investigated the relationship between glucose metrics derived from CGM and a highly sensitive measure of neuropathy using corneal confocal microscopy in participants with type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
Methods: A total of 40 participants with diabetes and 28 healthy controls underwent quantification of corneal nerve fiber density (CNFD), corneal nerve branch density (CNBD), corneal nerve fiber length (CNFL) and inferior whorl length (IWL) and those with diabetes underwent CGM for four consecutive days.
Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is an inherited disease characterized by reduced efficiency of low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) removal from the blood and, consequently, an increased risk of life-threatening early cardiovascular complications. In Qatar, the prevalence of FH has not been determined and the disease, as in many countries, is largely underdiagnosed. In this study, we combined whole-genome sequencing data from the Qatar Genome Program with deep phenotype data from Qatar Biobank for 14,056 subjects to determine the genetic spectrum and estimate the prevalence of FH in Qatar.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAims/introduction: Limited studies have identified risk factors linked to the progression of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) in type 2 diabetes. This study examined the association of risk factors with change in neuropathy measures over 2 years.
Materials And Methods: Participants with type 2 diabetes (n = 78) and controls (n = 26) underwent assessment of clinical and metabolic parameters and neuropathy using corneal confocal microscopy (CCM), vibration perception threshold (VPT), and the DN4 questionnaire at baseline and 2 year follow-up.
Aim: To examine the efficacy of glucose-lowering medications in subgroups of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
Research Design And Methods: Cluster analysis was performed in participants in the Efficacy and Durability of Initial Combination Therapy for Type 2 Diabetes (EDICT) study and the Qatar study using age, body mass index (BMI), glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and beta-cell function (HOMA-β). Participants also underwent an oral glucose tolerance test with measurement of plasma glucose, insulin and C-peptide concentrations to derive independent measures of insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity.
Aims/introduction: This study determined the prevalence and risk factors for diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), painful DPN and diabetic foot ulceration (DFU) in patients with type 2 diabetes in secondary healthcare in Qatar, Kuwait and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Materials And Methods: Adults aged 18-85 years with type 2 diabetes were randomly enrolled from secondary healthcare, and underwent clinical and metabolic assessment. DPN was evaluated using vibration perception threshold and neuropathic symptoms and painful Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy was evaluated using the Douleur Neuropathique 4 questionnaire.
An alteration in circulating miRNAs may have important diagnostic and therapeutic relevance in diabetic neuropathy. Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) underwent an assessment of neuropathic symptoms using Douleur Neuropathique 4 (DN4), the vibration perception threshold (VPT) using a Neurothesiometer, sudomotor function using the Sudoscan, corneal nerve morphology using corneal confocal microscopy (CCM) and circulating miRNAs using high-throughput miRNA expression profiling. Patients with T2DM, with (n = 9) and without (n = 7) significant corneal nerve loss were comparable in age, gender, diabetes duration, BMI, HbA1c, eGFR, blood pressure, and lipid profile.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Elevated endothelial microparticles (EMPs) levels are surrogate markers of vascular dysfunction. We analyzed EMPs with apoptotic characteristics and assessed the angiogenic contents of microparticles in the blood of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) according to the presence of coronary artery disease (CAD).
Methods: A total of 80 participants were recruited and equally classified as (1) healthy without T2D, (2) T2D without cardiovascular complications, (3) T2D and chronic coronary artery disease (CAD), and (4) T2D and acute coronary syndrome (ACS).
Aims/introduction: This study aimed to investigate whether insulin resistance (IR) in individuals with type 2 diabetes undergoing intensive glycemic control determines the extent of improvement in neuropathy.
Materials And Methods: This was an exploratory substudy of an open-label, randomized controlled trial of individuals with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes treated with exenatide and pioglitazone or insulin to achieve a glycated hemoglobin <7.0% (<53 mmol/mol).
Since their inception in the commercial market in the mid-twentieth century, sulfonylureas (SUs) have remained a therapeutic option in the management of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Despite their established glucose-lowering effects, there is no consensus among global experts and modern guidelines regarding the priority of SUs in relation to other therapeutic options, given the lack of evidence that SUs are associated with a low risk of macrovascular events and excess mortality. However, findings from recent trials and real-time observations have resolved this contentious issue somewhat, albeit to varying degrees.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAims/introduction: Painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy (pDPN) is associated with small nerve fiber degeneration and regeneration. This study investigated whether the presence of pDPN might influence nerve regeneration in patients with type 2 diabetes undergoing intensive glycemic control.
Materials And Methods: This exploratory substudy of an open-label randomized controlled trial undertook the Douleur Neuropathique en 4 questionnaire and assessment of electrochemical skin conductance, vibration perception threshold and corneal nerve morphology using corneal confocal microscopy in participants with and without pDPN treated with exenatide and pioglitazone or basal-bolus insulin at baseline and 1-year follow up, and 18 controls at baseline only.
Background: Epidemiological studies have suggested that vitamin D deficiency is associated with the development of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and is related to diabetes complications. This study was undertaken to determine the relationship between diabetes complications and cardiovascular risk factors with vitamin D and its metabolites: 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)D), 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (24,25(OH)D); and 25-hydroxy-3epi-vitamin D (3epi25(OH)D).
Methods: 750 Qatari subjects, 460 (61.
Aims/introduction: This study determined the prevalence and risk factors for diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) and painful DPN (pDPN) in patients with type 2 diabetes in primary healthcare (PHC) and secondary healthcare (SHC) in Qatar.
Materials And Methods: This was a cross-sectional multicenter study. Adults with type 2 diabetes were randomly enrolled from four PHC centers and two diabetes centers in SHC in Qatar.
Aim: To examine the long-term efficacy of thiazolidinedione plus a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist versus basal-bolus insulin on glycaemic control and beta-cell function in patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes (T2D) on metformin plus sulphonylurea.
Materials And Methods: Three hundred and thirty-one patients with poorly controlled T2D were recruited over 3 years and were followed for an additional year. Subjects received a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) at baseline and at study end.
Introduction: To assess the effect of exenatide and pioglitazone or basal-bolus insulin on diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) in patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes (T2D).
Research Design And Methods: This is a substudy of the Qatar Study, an open-label, randomized controlled trial. 38 subjects with poorly controlled T2D were studied at baseline and 1-year follow-up and 18 control subjects were assessed at baseline only.
Aims: Vitamin D measurement is a composite of vitamin D (25(OH)D) and D (25(OH)D) levels, and its deficiency is associated with the development of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and diabetic complications; vitamin D deficiency may be treated with vitamin D supplements. This study was undertaken to determine if vitamin D and D levels differed between those with and without T2DM in this Middle Eastern population, and the relationship between diabetic microvascular complications and vitamin D and vitamin D levels in subjects with T2DM METHODS: Four hundred ninety-six Qatari subjects, 274 with and 222 without T2DM participated in the study. Plasma levels of total vitamin D and D were measured by LC-MS/MS analysis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Vitamin D deficiency is associated with indicators of pre-diabetes including, insulin resistance, β-cell dysfunction and elevated plasma glucose with controversial findings from current trials. This study aims to investigate the long-term effect of vitamin D on glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity in pre-diabetic and highly vitamin-deficient subjects.
Methods: One hundred thirty-two participants were randomized to 30,000 IU vitamin D weekly for 6 months.