Workforce Psychological Distress and Absenteeism in Australia: The Correlates of Industry, Age, and Gender.

The workplace is an important setting for improving population psychological health. This study aimed to identify priority industries and populations in Australia with highest adverse effects of psychological distress. The study included 5834 workers aged 18 to 64 years who participated in the 2020 to 2021 National Health Survey.

Proximal Humerus Fractures: A Review of Anatomy, Classification, Management Strategies, and Complications.

Proximal humerus fractures are prevalent in older adults, particularly women, primarily due to osteoporosis and increased fall risk. These fractures often result from low-energy falls in elderly patients, while in younger individuals, they are more likely to occur with high-energy trauma, which may involve additional injuries to soft tissue and neurovascular structures. Proper anatomical understanding, including key structures and blood supply, is crucial for effective management and to prevent complications.

Labelling of Fluids in the Sterile Field During Orthopaedic Surgery: A Quality Improvement Initiative.

Background Intraoperative safety protocols, including proper labelling of syringes, are critical to patient safety in surgical settings. While the Royal Pharmaceutical Society and the Royal College of Anaesthetists provide clear guidelines to prevent medication errors, ensuring consistent compliance with labelling protocols in the fast-paced and complex environment of orthopaedic surgery can still present practical challenges. The absence of proper labelling, combined with the use of multiple fluids such as normal saline, disinfectants, and local anaesthetics, increases the risk of adverse outcomes due to fluid misidentification.

A Case Report of Larsen's Syndrome, Antiphospholipid Syndrome, Diaphragmatic Hernia, and a Colon Polyp: A Hidden Association or a Mere Coincidence.

Larsen's syndrome is an exceedingly rare and debilitating skeletal disorder characterized by multiple bony deformities and joint contractures. A 47-year-old female grappled with its severe manifestations, including functional quadriplegia, limb atrophy, and various orthopedic surgeries. This is the only reported case of the concurrent presence of antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APLA) and Larsen's syndrome.

Enhancing Junior Doctors' Preparedness and Satisfaction in Trauma and Orthopaedics: A Quality Improvement Project With the Development of a Comprehensive Guidebook.

Background: Junior doctors often feel underprepared for their trauma and orthopaedics (T&O) rotation due to limited exposure during medical school and inadequate support. This project aimed to enhance junior doctors' preparedness and satisfaction during their T&O rotation by developing a comprehensive guidebook that addresses key orthopaedic knowledge and logistical challenges.

Methods: A quality improvement project (QIP) was conducted at Ysbyty Gwynedd Hospital.

Stacked-gait: A human gait recognition scheme based on stacked autoencoders.

Human gait recognition (HGR) is the mechanism of biometrics that authors extensively employ to recognize an individuals based on their walking traits. HGR has been prominent for the past few years due to its surveillance capability. In HGR, an individual's walking attributes are utilized for identification.

Significance of and gene polymorphisms on clinical outcomes in gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist protocol with freeze-all strategy: A case-control study.

Background: Follicle-stimulating hormone receptor () and luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor () are integral to ovarian function, facilitating follicle development and maturation through their respective hormonal interactions. The influence of receptor polymorphisms on the outcomes of freeze-all cycles remains unclear.

Objective: This study investigates the impact of and polymorphisms on clinical outcomes in freeze-all cycles.

The Impact of COVID-19 on Functional Capacity and Pulmonary Outcomes in the Hail Region: A Cross-Sectional Study.

COVID-19, caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, has had a significant impact on life worldwide since its emergence in late 2019. The virus has caused a global pandemic, leading to widespread health, social, economic, and psychological effects. COVID-19 mainly affects the respiratory system.

The Psychological Impact of COVID-19: A Comparative Analysis of Pre-Lockdown and During-Lockdown Periods Among Saudi General Population.

Background: Prior research has revealed substantial psychological impacts of COVID-19 among the general population. However, there is a noticeable gap in studies addressing the enduring anxiety levels before and during lockdown periods of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objective: The study assessed and compared the psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic before and during lockdown periods among the general population in Saudi Arabia.

Reducing diagnostic delays in acute hepatic porphyria using health records data and machine learning.

Background: Acute hepatic porphyria (AHP) is a group of rare but treatable conditions associated with diagnostic delays of 15 years on average. The advent of electronic health records (EHR) data and machine learning (ML) may improve the timely recognition of rare diseases like AHP. However, prediction models can be difficult to train given the limited case numbers, unstructured EHR data, and selection biases intrinsic to healthcare delivery.

Temporal trends in population attributable fractions of modifiable risk factors for dementia: a time-series study of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (2004-2019).

Background: Interest in modifiable risk factors (MRFs) for dementia is high, given the personal, social, and economic impact of the disorder, especially in ageing societies such as the United Kingdom. Exploring the population attributable fraction (PAF) of dementia attributable to MRFs and how this may have changed over time remains unclear. Unravelling the temporal dynamics of MRFs is crucial for informing the development of evidence-based and effective public health policies.

Pertussis notifications decline in Australia during COVID-19 non-pharmaceutical interventions, 2020-2021.

Background: Following implementation of coronavirus diseases 2019 (COVID-19) non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) in early 2020, declines in the incidence of other respiratory pathogens have been reported. This study aimed to assess the impact of these interventions on pertussis notifications in Australia.

Methods: We compared monthly national notification rates for pertussis during the first two years of the COVID-19 pandemic (2020 and 2021) to those during the three pre-pandemic years (2017 to 2019).

Placebo effects in randomized trials of pharmacological and neurostimulation interventions for mental disorders: An umbrella review.

There is a growing literature exploring the placebo response within specific mental disorders, but no overarching quantitative synthesis of this research has analyzed evidence across mental disorders. We carried out an umbrella review of meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of biological treatments (pharmacotherapy or neurostimulation) for mental disorders. We explored whether placebo effect size differs across distinct disorders, and the correlates of increased placebo effects.

Cu-nanoparticles enhance the sustainable growth and yield of drought-subjected wheat through physiological progress.

Drought stress (DS) is a significant abiotic stress that limits agricultural productivity worldwide. In semi-arid climates, one potential solution to alleviate the deleterious effects of drought is the use of soil amendments such as nanoparticles. The current research was conducted out to probe the sway of drought at critical growth stages (CGS) of wheat crop (D: Control, D: Drought at tillering stage, and D: Drought at anthesis stage) and the application of Cu-nanoparticles (T: 0 mg L, T: 300 mg L, T: 700 mg L, and T: 950 mg L) in order to improve drought resilience.

Factors associated with experiencing stigma, discrimination, and negative health care treatment among people who inject drugs.

Introduction: Stigma has negative consequences for the health of people who inject drugs and people living with hepatitis C virus (HCV). This study evaluated factors associated with stigma related to injecting drug use (IDU) or HCV and those associated with being treated negatively by health workers.

Methods: ETHOS Engage is an observational cohort study of people who inject drugs attending drug treatment clinics and needle and syringe programs in Australia.

Investigation of salt tolerance in cotton germplasm by analyzing agro-physiological traits and ERF genes expression.

The development of genotypes that can tolerate high levels of salt is crucial for the efficient use of salt-affected land and for enhancing crop productivity worldwide. Therefore, incorporating salinity tolerance is a critical trait that crops must possess. Salt resistance is a complex character, controlled by multiple genes both physiologically and genetically.

Improving Breast Cancer Outcomes for Indigenous Women in Australia.

In Australia, the incidence rate of breast cancer is lower in Indigenous* women than non-Indigenous women; however, the mortality rate is higher, with Indigenous women 1.2 times more likely to die from the disease. This paper provides practical and achievable solutions to improve health outcomes for Indigenous women with breast cancer in Australia.

Factors associated with hepatitis C testing, treatment, and current hepatitis C infection among men and women who inject drugs: The ETHOS engage study.

Background: Evaluating gender-specific trends in hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment uptake among men and women who inject drugs is crucial for ensuring equitable progress towards HCV elimination. This study aimed to quantify differences in testing, treatment, and current HCV infection between men and women who inject drugs.

Method: ETHOS Engage is an observational cohort study of people who inject drugs attending drug treatment clinics and needle and syringe programs in Australia recruited from May 2018-September 2019 (wave 1) and November 2019-April 2021 (wave 2).

Restraint of VP1 Protein of Foot and Mouth Disease Virus using Specific Antiviral Peptides: an Investigation.

Foot and mouth diseases are among the important threats in the animal husbandry industry which lead to huge economic losses. In this regard, the current project aimed to inhibit the VP1 protein of foot and mouth disease viruses using specific peptides. For this purpose, a wide range of potential antiviral peptides were collected from the database.

Acute Appendicitis in an 86-Year-Old Patient: Uncommon Age for a Common Disease.

Appendicitis, an inflammation of the vermiform appendix, is one of the most common causes of acute abdomen and one of the most frequent indications for emergency abdominal surgery worldwide. Any person older than 65 years old is considered elderly. The elderly population constitutes only 5-10% of total appendicitis cases.

Representation of marginalised populations in digital surveillance for notifiable conditions in Australia: a systematic review.

Aim: This study aims to establish whether digital surveillance methods for notifiable diseases in Australia collect and report data in relation to marginalised populations.

Methods: The literature was systematically reviewed to identify primary research studies published between January 2005 and July 2023. Studies were included if they described an Australian digital surveillance system for notifiable conditions.

Corrigendum to "Trends in decompensated cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma among people with a hepatitis B notification in New South Wales" [JHEP Reports 4 (2022)].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.jhepr.