CuI-catalyzed regioselective hydrothiolation of alkynes: a thiol-free route to ()-β-alkenyl sulfides.

A thiol-free procedure for regioselective preparation of ()-β-alkenyl sulfides a three-component reaction of aryl/alkyl halides, phenylacetylene, and potassium isopropylxanthate in the presence of copper iodide as a catalyst in polyethylene glycol is reported. In this study, a xanthate salt is used as an odorless source of sulfur. The reactions proceed in a one-pot and single-step pathway with the formation of the carbothionate intermediate identified using NMR data as well as exclusively forming the isomer.

Dietary Fat Modulation of Gut Microbiota and Impact on Regulatory Pathways Controlling Food Intake.

Obesity is a multifactorial disease that continues to increase in prevalence worldwide. Emerging evidence has shown that the development of obesity may be influenced by taxonomic shifts in gut microbiota in response to the consumption of dietary fats. Further, these alterations in gut microbiota have been shown to promote important changes in satiation signals including gut hormones (leptin, ghrelin, GLP-1, peptide YY and CCK) and orexigenic and anorexigenic neuropeptides (AgRP, NPY, POMC, CART) that influence hyperphagia and therefore obesity.

Root Causes of Fungal Coinfections in COVID-19 Infected Patients.

COVID-19 is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and has infected over 200 million people, causing over 4 million deaths. COVID-19 infection has been shown to lead to hypoxia, immunosuppression, host iron depletion, hyperglycemia secondary to diabetes mellitus, as well as prolonged hospitalizations. These clinical manifestations provide favorable conditions for opportunistic fungal pathogens to infect hosts with COVID-19.

Review of the Effectiveness of Various Adjuvant Therapies in Treating .

Tuberculosis disease is caused by the bacterium . It is estimated that 10 million people have developed tuberculosis disease globally, leading to 1.4 million deaths in 2019.