Evaluating cognitive impairment in the early stages of Parkinson's disease using the Cambridge brain sciences-cognitive platform.

Background: Non-motor symptoms (NMS) such as cognitive impairment are among common presentations in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). In parallel with motor symptoms, these impediments can affect PD patients' quality of life. However, cognitive impairment has received less attention in early PD.

The impact of visual and motor skills on ideational apraxia and transcortical sensory aphasia.

Background: Patients with extensive left hemisphere damage frequently have ideational apraxia (IA) and transcortical sensory aphasia (TSA). Difficulty with action coordination, phonological processing, and complex motor planning may not be indicative of higher-order motor programming or higher-order complex formation. We report on the effects of IA and TSA on the visual and motor skill of stroke patients.

Association of Complications During and After Carotid Body Tumor Resection with Tumor Size and Distance to the Base of Skull.

Background: Depending on the size and location of the tumor, carotid body tumor (CBT) resection can come with various complications, mostly intraoperative bleeding, and cranial nerve injuries. In the present study, we aim to evaluate 2 fairly new variables, tumor volume, and distance to the base of the skull (DTBOS), with operative complications of CBT resection.

Methods: Patients who underwent CBT surgery in Namazi hospital from 2015 to 2019 were studied using standard databases.

Transverse Myelitis as a Rare Neurological Complication of Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Case Report and Literature Review.

The novel Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is primarily a respiratory virus. However, an increasing number of neurologic complications associated with this virus have been reported, e.g.

Concordance between TIRADS and Cytology in Thyroid Nodule.

Introduction: Palpable thyroid nodules are stated in 4 to 7% of individuals. This study was designed to evaluate the relation of Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TIRADS) and fine-needle aspiration (FNA) based cytology reports in patients with thyroid nodules.

Materials And Methods: In this retrospective cross-sectional study, individuals with thyroid nodules who were selected for ultrasonographic-guided FNA enrolled in this study.

Relationship of Clinical and Ultrasonographic Grading of Varicocele with Semen Analysis Profile and Testicular Volume.

Background: Varicoceles are a major cause of infertility. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of the clinical and ultrasonographic grades of varicocele with the semen analysis profile and testicular volume among men undergoing scrotal ultrasonography.

Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study involved 109 males undergoing scrotal ultrasonography for various indications in Shiraz, Iran, between January 2019 and January 2020.

Temporal changes in extra-axial brain hematoma's signal intensity in magnetic resonance images of trauma patients: A preliminary, technical study.

Introduction: Dating the exact or estimated time of trauma is an important issue facing forensic medicine. Several clinical and radiological methods were used to achieve this purpose. In the recent study, we aimed to track the changes in the signal intensity of the extra-axial brain hematoma using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) conventional sequences as well as diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC).

Serum inflammatory markers in patients with multiple sclerosis and their association with clinical manifestations and MRI findings.

Inflammation in a myelinated portion of the nervous system is the mainstay of multiple sclerosis (MS). Elevation of inflammatory markers such as procalcitonin, ESR and hs-CRP is suspected to occur in MS patients. However, their prognostic role and their relationship with the severity of clinical symptoms of MS and MRI evidences has remained unnoticed in the literature.

Correlation between contrast enhanced plaques and plaque diffusion restriction and their signal intensities in FLAIR images in patients who admitted with acute symptoms of multiple sclerosis.

Introduction: One of the most common demyelinating disorders is Multiple Sclerosis (MS), which can lead to extensive disability in patients. Appearance of active lesions can be an important sign of disease development. The correlation between the restriction of DWI signal, contrast-enhancement, and demyelinated plaque's signals were evaluated in this study.

Brain connectivity abnormalities in patients with functional (psychogenic nonepileptic) seizures: A systematic review.

Objectives: The aim of the current endeavor was to systematically review the existing evidence on brain connectivity abnormalities in patients with functional seizures (FS).

Methods: This systematic review was prepared according to the instructions of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. MEDLINE (accessed from PubMed) and Scopus from inception to April 4, 2020 were systematically searched.

Brain TRODAT-SPECT Versus MRI Morphometry in Distinguishing Early Mild Parkinson's Disease from Other Extrapyramidal Syndromes.

Background And Purpose: The clinical differentiation of Parkinson's disease (PD) from other extrapyramidal syndromes has made a challenge in neurology. This study aimed to compare the specificity and sensitivity of brain MRI volumetry and dopamine transporter scans in differentiating PD from other extrapyramidal syndromes in the early stages of the disease.

Methods: This study included 34 patients younger than 70 years old with less than 3 years of extrapyramidal symptoms.

Validity and Reliability of the Persian Versions of National Institute of Health Stroke Scale and Modified National Institute of Health Stroke Scale in Hospitalized Patients.

Background: National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and Modified National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (mNIHSS) are two valid and reliable questionnaires that assess stroke severity. This study aimed to examine and compare the validity and reliability of Persian versions of NIHSS and mNIHSS in hospitalized patients.

Materials And Methods: The English versions of NIHSS and mNIHSS were translated to Persian (forward and backward), and three neurologists examined the face and content validity of both questionnaires.

Thymolipoma-associated Myasthenia Gravis with High Titer of Anti-MuSKAb: A Case Report.

Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a neuromuscular junction disorder caused by pathogenic autoantibodies to some parts of the post-synaptic muscle endplates. About 85% of generalized MG patients have autoantibodies against post-synaptic acetyl-choline receptors (AChR). From the 10-15% of the remaining patients, 45-50% are positive for Muscle Specific Tyrosine Kinase-Antibody (MuSK-Ab).

The effects of Zataria multiflora Boiss. (Shirazi thyme) on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and insulin resistance: A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial.

Objective: The aim of the study is to evaluate the effects of Zataria multiflora Boiss. (Shirazi thyme) (ZM) supplementation on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and related insulin resistance (IR).

Design: In this randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial, 85 patients with NAFLD were administered either 700 mg ZM powder or placebo twice daily for 12 weeks.

Clinical grading and color Doppler ultrasonography-based grading of varicocele: how compatible are the two grading systems?

Objective: Inhere, we compared two of the most common grading systems based on color Doppler ultrasonography (CDU) and physical examination in patients suspected of varicocele.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. Overall, 66 patients clinically suspected of varicocele were visited by an attending urologist and a radiologist for physical examination and CDU.

Coprolalia in aphasic patients with stroke: a longitudinal observation from the BLAST database.

The BLAST (bilingual aphasia in stroke-study team) initiative has been a multi-center attempt to investigate longitudinal changes in language function in a cohort of stroke subjects. This report discusses linguistic performance in four cases from the BLAST database who demonstrated coprolalia as an irresistible urge to say obscene words.  Coprolalia was found to partly resolve in a 30-day follow-up in three cases.

Comparison of diffusion-weighted imaging and enhanced T1-weighted sequencing in patients with multiple sclerosis.

Introduction The purpose of this study was to assess whether demographic, brain anatomical regions and contrast enhancement show differences in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients with increased diffusion lesions (ID group) compared with diffusion restriction (DR group). Method MRI protocol comprised T1- and T2-weighted sequences with and without gadolinium (Gd), and sagittal three-dimensional FLAIR sequence, DWI and ADC maps were prospectively performed in 126 MS patients from January to December 2015. The investigation was conducted to evaluate differences in demographic, cord and brain regional, technical, and positive or negative Gd contrast imaging parameters in two groups of ID and DR.

Experience with Traumatic Brain Injury: Is Early Tracheostomy Associated with Better Prognosis?

Objective: In this study we compared the effects of early tracheostomy (ET) versus late tracheostomy on traumatic brain injury (TBI)-related outcomes and prognosis.

Patients And Methods: Data on 152 TBI patients with a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of ≤8, admitted to Rajaee Hospital between March 1, 2014 and August 23, 2015, were collected. Rajaee Hospital is the main referral trauma center in southern Iran and is affiliated with Shiraz University of Medical Sciences.

Hashimoto Encephalopathy with an Unusual Presentation of Status Epilepticus Seizures: A Case Report.

A 33 yr old man, previously diagnosed with hypothyroidism, presented with decreased level of consciousness and generalized tonic-clonic (GTC) seizure to Namazi hospital, Shiraz, Iran, during April 2015. The patient later referred with another episode of seizure like attack for which he received phenytoin, carbamazepine and levothyroxine and was discharged. During his last admission, the patient was admitted with chief complaints of decreased consciousness and four GTC attacks.

Association Between Urinary Symptoms and Urinary Tract Infection in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis.

Background & Objective: Urinary dysfunctions occur in the majority of MS patients and these patients are at higher risks of developing UTI due to multiple reasons. We determined to study the association between different urinary symptoms and UTI in MS patients.

Material & Method: Eighty seven MS patients that referred to our medical care center with an acute attack of the disease, from November 2012 to April 2014, were included in the study.

Incidence of testicular microlithiasis in patients with β-thalassemia major.

We assessed the prevalence of testicular microlithiasis by scrotal ultrasonography in β-thalassemia major patients older than 10 years and evaluated the association with serum ferritin levels, calcium (Ca), phosphate (Ph), and parathyroid hormone levels (PTH). In this cross-sectional study, 132 male β-thalassemia major patients from 300 male patients older than 10 years old were randomly evaluated by scrotal ultrasonography. Parathyroid hormone, calcium, phosphate, and serum ferritin levels were also evaluated.

Comparative study of radiographic and laboratory findings between Beta thalassemia major and Beta thalassemia intermedia patients with and without treatment by hydroxyurea.

Background: In patients with thalassemia, chronic anemia causes bone marrow expansion and consequently skeletal manifestation in spine, skull, face and rib bones.

Objectives: We aimed to compare chest radiographic findings and facial bone deformity in patients with thalassemia major (TM) and intermedia.

Patients And Methods: In this cross sectional study, 86 consecutive thalassemia patients referring to the Thalassemia clinic in Shiraz, Southern Iran were evaluated during 2012.

Transcranial Doppler Ultrasonography in Beta-thalassemia Major Patients Without and With Thrombocytosis.

Background: Beta-thalassemia is a type of anemia in which the patients may require splenectomy and this can lead to thrombocytosis with increased risk of stroke. Transcranial Doppler ultrasound is a method for determining cerebral vessel stenosis.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate whether the risk of a future stroke secondary to cerebral artery stenosis can be predicted with the use of transcranial Doppler ultrasound in beta-thalassemia major patients.

Aortic arch vessel anomalies associated with persistent trigeminal artery.

Developmental anomalies of the aortic arch vessels and persistent trigeminal artery that is the most common of the four anomalous carotid-basilar anastomoses are repeatedly reported in the literature as separate entities. Herein we report a previously undescribed variant including the coexistence of persistent trigeminal artery, truncus bicaroticus and direct origin of left vertebral artery from aortic arch.