Influence of sociodemographic factors on treatment's choice for localized prostate cancer in Portugal.

Introduction: Patients with localized prostate cancer (PCa) are active participants in the choice of treatment.

Objectives: To access the effects of social and demographic factors in the choice of treatment in cases of localized PCa, in a Portuguese population.

Methods: Identification of all patients with the diagnosis of localized PCa in the last four years in an oncological centre.

Prognostic value of p16INK4a overexpression in penile cancer.

Introduction: Penile cancer is rare, accounting for less than 1% of all male cancers in industrialized countries. It is most common in areas of high prevalence of HPV, being a third of cases attributed to the carcinogenic effect of HPV. Tumour cells infected with HPV overexpress p16INK4a, as such p16INK4a has been used as a surrogate of HPV infections.

Validation of a Novel, Sensitive, and Specific Urine-Based Test for Recurrence Surveillance of Patients With Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer in a Comprehensive Multicenter Study.

Bladder cancer (BC), the most frequent malignancy of the urinary system, is ranked the sixth most prevalent cancer worldwide. Of all newly diagnosed patients with BC, 70-75% will present disease confined to the mucosa or submucosa, the non-muscle-invasive BC (NMIBC) subtype. Of those, approximately 70% will recur after transurethral resection (TUR).

Acquired male urethral diverticulum: a complication following artificial urethral sphincter implantation.

The authors report a case of a 72-year-old patient who underwent radical prostatectomy in 2003 due to prostate cancer. During follow-up, he presented with permanent and severe urinary stress incontinence for which he underwent an artificial urinary sphincter implantation in 2009. After infection of the device, followed by the development of a urinary fistula, the artificial urinary sphincter was removed.