Osteoporosis and Apical Periodontitis Prevalence: A Systematic Review.

Osteoporosis is a common systemic bone disorder in the elderly, characterized by low bone mineral density and deterioration of bone structure. Apical periodontitis is an inflammatory response to the microbial infection of root canals, typically characterized by apical bone destruction surrounding the tooth's apex. This systematic review aimed to determine if osteoporosis affects the prevalence of apical periodontitis in adults.

Temporomandibular joint trauma and disability assessment - A longitudinal exploratory study.

Background: Orofacial trauma can encompass, isolated or not, several anatomical regions, namely facial, dental and temporomandibular joint (TMJ), one of the most complex joints in the human body. Evidence-based knowledge in the field of TMJ trauma and in temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD) diagnosis and treatment, provides the necessary data for medico-legal assessment.

Objective: The aim of this study is to bring up epidemiological data referring to TMJ injuries and sequelae, in order to present a medico-legal approach of TMJ disability.

COVID-19 Management in Clinical Dental Care Part II: Personal Protective Equipment for the Dental Care Professional.

Background: Facing the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) challenge on a global level, dental care professionals are encouraged to optimize universal precautions and adopt measures that ensure protection against infection by contaminated aerosols and droplets. Although aerosol transmission is possible, direct contact through large droplets is probably responsible for the vast majority of transmissions.

Methods: This paper is the second of a series of 3 on the management of COVID-19 in clinical dental care settings and aims to describe the selection and use of personal protection equipment (PPE) by dental care professionals (DCP), with consideration of the level of risk associated with the planned procedures.

Prevalence of, and disability approaches to, temporomandibular joint trauma: A 17-year cross-sectional study.

Background/aim: Sociodemographic, cultural and environmental factors play significant roles in orofacial trauma. The main aim of the present work was to study the epidemiological data regarding temporomandibular trauma, in the orofacial trauma context. Secondly, follow-up data between injury and sequelae were assessed, in the medico-legal approach for this disability.

Mini implants osseointegration, molar intrusion and root resorption in Sinclair minipigs.

Aim: The use of mini implants to create a passive intraoral anchorage point has been mainly tested in clinical trials. In this study, an experimental integrated approach evaluated mini implant loading protocols (immediate vs. delayed loading) on bone remodelling and mini implant stability and the consequent degree of dental intrusion and apical root resorption.

Application of Bonelike® as synthetic bone graft in orthopaedic and oral surgery in veterinary clinical cases.

Autologous bone remains the gold standard grafting substrate for bone fusions used for small gaps and critical defects. However, significant morbidity is associated with the harvesting of autologous bone grafts and, for that reason, alternative bone graft substitutes have been developed. In the present case series, a glass-reinforced hydroxyapatite synthetic bone substitute, with osteoinductive and osteoconductive proprieties, was applied.

Novel cellulose/hydroxyapatite scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration: In vitro and in vivo study.

Cellulose scaffolds containing nano- or micro-hydroxyapatite (nHA or μHA) were prepared by the regeneration of cellulose from its acetylated derivative and the mechanical immobilization of inorganic particles, followed by freeze-drying. Microtomographic (micro-computed tomography) evaluation revealed that both scaffolds presented a highly interconnected porous structure, with a mean pore diameter of 490 ± 94 and 540 ± 132 μm for cellulose/nHA and cellulose/μHA, respectively. In vitro and in vivo characterizations of the developed scaffolds were investigated.

Chronology of mineralization of the permanent mandibular second molar teeth and forensic age estimation.

Forensic age estimation frequently relies upon the chronology of mineralization of the third molar teeth. However, even when present, third molar teeth cannot always be used for estimating age in people who are classified as minors. Seconds molars develop earlier and in a more predictable way, and therefore are often more reliable for age estimation in this age group.

The in vivo performance of an alkali-free bioactive glass for bone grafting, FastOs BG, assessed with an ovine model.

Although bioactive glasses are successfully used as bone substitutes, recent studies have revealed that the high alkali content in these glasses leads to fast in vivo degradation rates that may not match the rate of new bone ingrowth. This prompted us to design and develop novel bioactive glasses that are devoid of alkali but still demonstrate high bioactivity in vitro. This article describes the in vivo performance of an alkali-free bioactive glass with the following composition (Wt %): 13.

Is Demirjian's original method really useful for age estimation in a forensic context?

Purpose: The suitability of Demirjian's method for forensic age estimation has been systematically questioned. The aim of this study is to further assess the reliability of Demirjian's original method in forensic age estimation using a sample of Portuguese children.

Methods: 564 panoramic radiographs of Portuguese boys and girls between 6 and 16 years of age were evaluated using Demirjian's method.

Age estimation using the radiographic visibility of the periodontal ligament in lower third molars in a Portuguese population.

Objectives: The mineralization of third molars has been used repeatedly as a method of forensic age estimation. However, this procedure is of little use beyond age 18, especially to determinate if an individual is older than 21 years of age; thus, the development of new approaches is essential. The visibility of the periodontal ligament has been suggested for this purpose.

Human identification using dental techniques: A case report.

Dental identification of skeletal remains frequently relies on data comparison. Comparative dental identification is used to establish with a high degree of certainty that the remains of a corpse and a person represented by ante-mortem dental records are the same individual. There is no minimum number of concordant points necessary to perform a positive identification; rather, each case is unique and should be treated as such.

Orohanditest: A new method for orofacial damage assessment.

Background: Currently, orofacial sequelae are recognized as very influential on the quality-of-life for a victim of orofacial damage. Therefore, correct forensic assessment for indenisation purposes is mandatory. However, orofacial damage is frequently reduced to organic components, which results in a forensic assessment process, which are inadequate.

Oral injuries in victims involving intimate partner violence.

Introduction: Current literature states that dental medicine can have an important role in diagnosing situations of domestic violence, namely cases of intimate partner violence, since many of the injuries that occur in this context concern the head and neck areas. The aim of this study was to characterize oral injuries in these cases in a Portuguese population, and to determine the kind of permanent consequences that they might represent.

Material And Methods: 332 forensic reports of domestic violence survivors were analysed.

Surface properties and osteoblastic cytocompatibility of two blasted and Acid-etched titanium implant systems with distinct microtopography.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to compare two commercially available screw-type sandblasted and acid-etched (SLA) Ti implant systems from Eckermann Laboratorium S.L., with similar geometry and distinct microtopography, regarding surface properties and osteoblastic cytocompatibility.

Chronological course of third molar eruption in a Portuguese population.

Forensic age determination has become increasingly important over the past few years. Dental age estimation is frequently used as a part of this process due to the technique simplicity and reliability. This process is done taking into account pre-established values that, often, concern the population of the undocumented person.

Chronological age estimation based on third molar development in a Portuguese population.

Third molar development was assessed using a sample of 1,131 orthopantomograms from a Portuguese population. The methodology applied was the eight stages (A-H) method described by Demirjian et al. The final sample was made of 739 orthopantomograms, 387 (52.

The consequences of orofacial trauma resulting from violence: a study in Porto.

Orofacial injuries resulting from violence are a fairly common event. In Portugal, however, the impact of these injuries remains to be elucidated. This study aims to analyze the injuries and permanent consequences of orofacial trauma (in a three-dimensional perspective: organic, functional and situational), resulting from violence.

Evaluation of implant osseointegration with different regeneration techniques in the treatment of bone defects around implants: an experimental study in a rabbit model.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the osseointegration of implants placed in areas with artificially created bone defects, using three bone regeneration techniques.

Material And Methods: The experimental model was the rabbit femur (16), where bone defects were created and implants were placed. The peri-implant bone defects were filled with a deproteinized bovine bone mineral, NuOss™ (N), NuOss™ combined with plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF) (N+PRGF), NuOss™ covered by an RCM(6) membrane (N+M), or remained unfilled (control group [C]).

Orofacial damage resulting from road accidents.

The objective of this paper was to study the epidemiological characteristics of orofacial damage resulting from road accidents among victims assessed in the Oporto delegation of the Legal Medicine Institute, in Portugal. It was also our goal to analyze in which way orofacial sequelae was reflected in the victims' complete social reintegration.

Establishing identity using cheiloscopy and palatoscopy.

Establishing a person's identity can be a very difficult process. Dental, fingerprint and DNA comparisons are probably the most common techniques used in this context, allowing fast and secure identification processes. However, since they cannot always be used, sometimes it is necessary to apply different and less known techniques.