Tumor-associated macrophages impair NK cell IFN-γ production and contribute to tumor progression in clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) are abundant in several tumor types and usually correlate with poor prognosis. Previously, we demonstrated that anti-inflammatory macrophages (M2) inhibit NK cell effector functions. Here, we explored the impact of TAM on NK cells in the context of clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC).

Dusting efficacy between the regular setting of holmium laser (Ho:YAG) versus Vapor Tunnel pulse modality for non-complex kidney stones.

The new pulse modality Vapor-Tunnel™ (VT) consists of a very long pulse that uses the minimum peak power, causing the energy to pass through a previously created vapor channel or tunnel. The first part of the pulse creates a vapor channel, whereas the remaining energy is discharged immediately after, passing straight through the previously created tunnel. The aim of this study is to compare the dusting efficacy between Ho:YAG laser with long pulse and Ho:YAG laser with VT for non-complex kidney stones.

The MICA-NKG2D axis in clear cell renal cell carcinoma bolsters MICA as target in immuno-oncology.

NKG2D is a major natural killer (NK) cell-activating receptor that recognizes eight ligands (NKG2DLs), including MICA, and whose engagement triggers NK cell effector functions. As NKG2DLs are upregulated on tumor cells but tumors can subvert the NKG2D-NKG2DL axis, NKG2DLs constitute attractive targets for antibody (Ab)-based immuno-oncology therapies. However, such approaches require a deep characterization of NKG2DLs and NKG2D cell surface expression on primary tumor and immune cells.

Hemoperitoneum after transperineal prostate biopsy.

Bleeding is the most common complication after a prostate biopsy, commonly self-limited. We describe a case of a patient who developed a hemoperitoneum after a transperineal prostate biopsy. A 65-year-old man with a history of prostate cancer diagnosed in 2016 by transurethral resection, with no further urologic control until 2020 when a rise in the serum prostate-specific antigen was diagnosed: 4.

[Risk factors for contrast extravasation in renal colic].

Introduction: Non-traumatic ruptureof the pyeloureterocaliceal system (PUC) is anuncommon clinical entity. The most frequent cause isureteral obstruction due to lithiasic pathology, whichis present in up to 75%. To our knowledge, there isno description in the literature of the possible factorsassociated with this event.

[Moderate/severe hydronephrosis before ureteral double-j stent insertion is associated with less back pain during micturition.].

Symptoms related toureteral double-J stent are the most common complaintamong patients. Back pain during micturition isone of the most frequent but intensity and durationmay vary between them. This study aimed to assessthe relationship between hydronephrosis grade beforeureteral double-j stent insertion and back pain duringmicturition.

Tumor-Experienced Human NK Cells Express High Levels of PD-L1 and Inhibit CD8 T Cell Proliferation.

Natural Killer (NK) cells play a key role in cancer immunosurveillance. However, NK cells from cancer patients display an altered phenotype and impaired effector functions. In addition, evidence of a regulatory role for NK cells is emerging in diverse models of viral infection, transplantation, and autoimmunity.

Minimally Invasive Partial Nephrectomy: Are All Clamps Created Equal? An Ex Vivo Model Simulation of Vascular Clampage.

During the partial nephrectomy, clamping of the vascular pedicle before exision of the tumor is a key step in minimizing blood loss and maintaining adequate visualization. Different vascular clamping devices have been developed for minimal invasive surgery. However, there are no reports comparing them in turn of efficiency RECENT FINDINGS: We present an ex vivo experimental model, designed to demonstrate differences between the clamping devices.

Seminal vesicle leiomyosarcoma: Case report and literature review.

Introduction And Background: Primary leiomyosarcoma of the seminal vesicle is an extremely rare and highly malignant disease with less than 15 cases reported.

Case Description: A 34-year-old man presented with acute urinary symptoms. Imagen studies showed an abdominal mass (80 mm × 65 mm × 50 mm) with contrast enhancement, compressing the right side of the bladder but with a clear cleavage level between surrounding organs.

Prognostic Factors in De Novo Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Report From the Latin American Renal Cancer Group.

Purpose: To assess the effect of clinical and pathological variables on cancer-specific and overall survival (OS) in de novo metastatic patients from a collaborative of primarily Latin American countries.

Patients And Methods: Of 4,060 patients with renal cell carcinoma diagnosed between 1990 and 2015, a total of 530 (14.5%) had metastasis at clinical presentation.

[Active surveillance for testicular tumors: adherence and safety.].

Introduction: The active surveillance (AS) of testicular tumors (seminoma and non-seminoma) is the most frequent management option in the stage I disease. Relapses generally occurred within the first 3 years and <5% appear after this time cut-off point is fulfilled. Therefore, the adherence is one of the most important pillars in the AS protocol.

PI-RADS 3 lesions: Does the association of the lesion volume with the prostate-specific antigen density matter in the diagnosis of clinically significant prostate cancer?

Introduction: Currently, a new subclassification of the Pi-RADS 3 lesions and subgroups is being used: 3a (indolent or low-risk lesions with volume <0.5 ml) and 3b (significant or high-risk lesions with volume ≥0.5 ml).

[Urinary continence prediction after laparoscopic radical prostatectomy according to preoperative urethral length measurement in multiparametric prostate resonance.].

Urinary incontinence (UI) is one of the main complications of radical prostatectomy. Multiple studies have attempted to find factors that may predict early recovery of urinary continence in surgically treated patients. The aim of this study is to evaluate the ability of the length of the membranous urethra (LUM) and the intraprostatic urethra (IUL) measured in preoperative by multiparametric prostate resonance imaging (MRI), to predict post-radical prostatectomy urinary continence.

Characteristics and Surgical Outcomes in Very Elderly Patients (≥75 years) with Renal Cell Carcinoma: Data from the Latin American Renal Cancer Group.

Background: The incidence of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is increasing globally due to an aging population and widespread use of imaging studies.

Objective: The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics and perioperative outcomes of RCC surgery in very elderly patients (VEP), ≥ 75 years of age.

Methods: This is a retrospective comparative study of 3656 patients who underwent the treatment for RCC from 1990 to 2015 in 28 centers from eight Latin American countries.

Renal tumor growth rate in patients with previously normal CT scan: Analysis of the initial stage of growth.

Objective: Most of the studies regarding natural history of renal masses are based on active surveillance series and suggest that the renal masses have a slow growth rate. Nevertheless, only a few studies report the time between a normal computed tomography (CT) scan to the first detection of a tumor. We aimed to analyze the growth rate in newly diagnosed kidney tumors.

Antegrade Ejaculation Preservation Technique with GreenLight XPS 180-W: Functional Ejaculatory Results.

Ejaculatory dysfunction is a common complication of surgeries for benign prostatic obstruction. It causes a clear deterioration in quality of life. Techniques have been developed to attempt to preserve antegrade ejaculation (AE).

Value of prostate-specific antigen density in negative or equivocal lesions on multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging.

Objective: The prostate-specific antigen density (PSAD) is an accessory tool when suspecting prostate cancer. Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) of the prostate has a high rate of false negatives. The aim of this study is to evaluate the sensitivity, specificity, negative predictive value (NPV), and positive predictive value (PPV) when adding the PSAD and negative or equivocal mpMRI.

Small renal masses in Latin-American population: characteristics and prognostic factors for survival, recurrence and metastasis - a multi-institutional study from LARCG database.

Background: To evaluate demographic, clinical and pathological characteristics of small renal masses (SRM) (≤ 4 cm) in a Latin-American population provided by LARCG (Latin-American Renal Cancer Group) and analyze predictors of survival, recurrence and metastasis.

Methods: A multi-institutional retrospective cohort study of 1523 patients submitted to surgical treatment for non-metastatic SRM from 1979 to 2016. Comparisons between radical (RN) or partial nephrectomy (PN) and young or elderly patients were performed.

Signet ring cell carcinoma of the prostate. Report of 5 cases and literature review.

Objective: Signet ring cell carcinoma (SRCC) of the prostate is very a rare tumor. It is comprised of cells that are similar to signet ring cell tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. Diagnosis requires histopathology and also elimination of the adenocarcinomas of other organs.

[Partial nephrectomy in mesorrenal tumors greater than 4 cm: 15 years of experience.].

Objectives: Mesorenal tumors (those located in the renal middle line or between both poles) are complex cases for partial nephrectomy (PN). Our objective is to evaluate oncological and perioperative results of PN in these patients with mesorenal tumors greater than 4 cm, mesophytic or endophytic.

Methods: A review of the medical records of patients with tumors with these characteristics operated between January 2016 and June 2016 was performed.

Large Hepatic Subcapsular Hematoma Secondary to Double-J Stent Placement.

Urinary diversion with the endoscopic Double-J stent is a frequent procedure; complications can include irritation, suprapubic or flank pain, vesicoureteral reflux, hematuria, or urinary infection. We report a case of hepatic subcapsular hematoma secondary to Double-J stent placement. A 28-year-old woman presented with a history of Sjögren's disease, nephrocalcinosis, and chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Laparoscopic partial nephrectomy using the Simon clamp: our experience in 18 cases.

Objective: Kidney tumors represent 2- 3% of adult tumors. Partial nephrectomy is the standard of care for the treatment of localized tumors. Minimizing ischemia time is critical for postoperative renal function.