Life Cycle Economic and Environmental Assessment for Emerging Heavy-Duty Truck Powertrain Technologies in China: A Comparative Study of Battery Electric, Fuel Cell Electric, and Hydrogen Combustion Engine Trucks.

Amid ambitious net-zero goals and growing demands for freight logistics, addressing the climate challenges posed by the heavy-duty truck (HDT) sector is an urgent and pivotal task. This study develops an integrated HDT model by incorporating vehicle dynamic simulation and life cycle analysis to quantify energy consumption, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and total cost of ownership associated with three emerging powertrain technologies in various truck use scenarios in China, including battery electric, fuel cell electric, and hydrogen combustion engine trucks. The results reveal varying levels of economic suitability for these powertrain alternatives depending on required driving ranges and duty cycles: the battery electric for regional-haul applications, the hydrogen fuel cell for longer-haul and low-load driving conditions, and the hydrogen combustion engine to meet high power requirements.

Non-adherence to Clinical Practice Guidelines in Regional Anesthesia and Pain Interventions: Insights From a Comprehensive Case Series Review.

Adhering to established guidelines, regional anesthesia (RA) and pain interventions are essential for preventing or minimizing the risk of complications. This study examines neurological complications that may arise when RA or pain interventions are performed without adherence to the clinical practice guidelines. This article aimed to emphasize the relationship between deviations from standards of care in RA and neurological outcomes.

Phenotypic and Genotypic Detection of Hypervirulent Isolated from Hospital-Acquired Infections.

Hypervirulent is a highly pathogenic variant of , which represents a global public health issue because it is very virulent and spreads easily. The objectives of this study were to assess the predominance of hvKp among health care-associated infections in intensive care units of Tanta University Hospital and to compare hvKp with classical (cKp) in terms of antibiotic resistance, virulence, and molecular features. The study included 300 patients suffering from HAIs from different ICUs of Tanta University Hospitals.

Cerebral aspergillosis in a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia complicated by Evans syndrome.

This case report presents a complex medical scenario involving early 60s female patient with a history of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) complicated by Evans syndrome, characterised by autoimmune haemolytic anaemia and immune thrombocytopenia. The patient had received various treatments, including steroids, rituximab, cyclosporine and acalabrutinib. The patient's neurological symptoms began around 3 years prior to presentation, with shaking of her right leg, followed by shaking of both hands, particularly the left hand.

L-carnitine attenuates autophagic flux, apoptosis, and necroptosis in rats with dexamethasone-induced non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.

Background: UpToDate, no drugs have been approved to treat nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, the advanced stage of the most prevalent liver disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. The present study was conducted to explore the potential influences of L-carnitine on the pathomechanisms of hepatic injury that mediate progression to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in dexamethasone-toxified rats.

Methods: Male Wistar rats were allocated as follows: dexamethasone group, rats received dexamethasone (8 mg/kg/day, intraperitoneally) for 6 days; DEXA-LCAR300, DEXA-LCAR500, and DEXA-MET groups, rats administered L-carnitine (300 or 500 mg/kg/day, IP) or metformin (500 mg/kg/day, orally) one week prior to dexamethasone injection (8 mg/kg/day, IP) and other six days alongside dexamethasone administration.

Efficacy of vitamin D supplementation on the incidence of preeclampsia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Preeclampsia is a severe pregnancy complication affecting 2-8% of pregnancies globally, contributing to substantial maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with an increased risk of preeclampsia, yet the efficacy of its supplementation during pregnancy in reducing preeclampsia incidence remains uncertain.

Objectives: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the impact of vitamin D supplementation on the incidence of preeclampsia and related maternal and neonatal outcomes.

The impact of surface charge on the interaction of cholesterol-free fusogenic liposomes with planktonic microbial cells and biofilms.

This study focused on the development of cholesterol-free fusogenic liposomes with different surface charge with the aim of improving biofilm penetration. In vitro assessments of the liposomes included physical stability, biocompatibility, fusion with microbial cells, and the ability to penetrate established biofilms. Using dynamic light scattering, cholesterol-free, fusogenic liposomes were found to be < 200 nm in size with small size distribution (PDI < 0.

Age-related lung changes linked to altered lysosomal protease profile, histology, and ultrastructure.

Introduction: The aging process is intricately linked to alterations in cellular and tissue structures, with the respiratory system being particularly susceptible to age-related changes. Therefore, this study aimed to profile the activity of proteases using activity-based probes in lung tissues of old and young rats, focusing on the expression levels of different, in particular cathepsins G and X and matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs). Additionally, the impact on extracellular matrix (ECM) components, particularly fibronectin, in relation to age-related histological and ultrastructural changes in lung tissues was investigated.

Efficacy of B - mode and elastography ultrasound technique in the prediction of Helicobacter pylori: a prospective study.

Background: Helicobacter pylori (HP) affect nearly 50% of the world's population and can colonize the submucosal and mucosal layers of the stomach wall, causing inflammation leading to a thickening of these layers. The study aimed to evaluate the application value of transabdominal ultrasonography combined with elastography in the prediction of HP using HP Fecal Antigen Test as gold standard.

Method: This prospective case-control study was conducted in 174 participants classified into three groups: Group A: Symptomatic patients with thickened stomach antral and evident HP infection on fecal antigen test results, Group B: Symptomatic patients with thickened antral and no evident HP infection on fecal antigen test results, and Group C: control group of asymptomatic individuals with negative HP screening to predict the diagnostic accuracy of B-mode ultrasound and elastography in the prediction of HP pylori.

Using a blend of oilseed meals in the diets of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus): effects on the growth performance, feed utilization, intestinal health, growth, and metabolic-related genes.

In this study, Nile tilapia were fed a blend of oilseed meals (BOM) that includes cottonseed meal (CSM), linseed meal (LSM), sesame meal (SSM), and sunflower meal (SFM) at a ratio of 1 CSM: 1 LSM: 1 SSM: 1 SFM. Six diets were formulated where the first diet included FM and SBM as protein sources and considered the positive control diet (FM). Another five FM-free diets were formulated, where SBM was substituted with BOM and included at 0, 100, 200, 300, and 400 g/kg diet.

Magnetically controlled growing rods increase 3D true spine length in idiopathic early onset scoliosis patients: results from a multicenter study.

Purpose: To determine, at 2 year follow-up, 3D spine growth for idiopathic early onset scoliosis (iEOS) patients treated with magnetically controlled growing rods (MCGR).

Methods: From an international EOS registry, patients with iEOS treated with MCGR were identified. Scoliosis, kyphosis, traditional coronal height, and 3D true spine length (3D-TSL) were measured pre-index surgery, post-index, and at 2 year follow-up.

Improving Yellow Mealworm () Utilization with Sodium Butyrate in Nile Tilapia Diets: Effects on Growth Performance, Intestinal Histology, Antioxidative Response, and Blood Biomarkers.

Yellow mealworm () meal was introduced to aquafeed as a suitable protein source to replace fish meal (FM) and soybean meal and, thereby, consistent aquaculture production. However, mealworms should be added at adequate levels due to the presence of antinutritional factors such as chitin. Consequently, sodium butyrate (SB) is suggested to improve feed quality and ensure aquatic animals' productivity and welfare.

Correction: Design, synthesis, pharmacological evaluation, and studies of the activity of novel spiro pyrrolo[3,4-]pyrimidine derivatives.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1039/D3RA07078F.].

Risk of severe influenza infection in women with a history of pregnancy complications: A longitudinal cohort study.

Background: Risk factors for influenza complications in women are poorly understood. We examined the association between pregnancy outcomes and risk of influenza hospitalization up to three decades later.

Methods: We analyzed a cohort of 1,421,531 pregnant women who delivered in Quebec, Canada between 1989 and 2021.

Urban wall lizards are resilient to high levels of blood lead.

Living in urban environments presents many challenges to wildlife, including exposure to potentially toxic pollutants. For example, the heavy metal lead (Pb) introduces numerous health problems to all animals, including humans. The little work that has been conducted on lead toxicity in reptiles suggests that lizards may be extraordinarily resilient to very high levels of lead pollution, by either avoiding or mitigating the toxicity.

Forecasting mortality and DALYs from air pollution in SAARC nations.

This study investigates the projected impact of air pollution on mortality and Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) across SAARC countries. Utilizing Time Series and Machine Learning methodologies such as Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average, Exponential Smoothing, and Neural Network, the research aims to accurately forecast the mortality and DALYs attributed to air pollution from 2020 to 2030. Statistical analyses reveal a consistent upward trend in deaths and DALYs during the forecasting period, primarily driven by Ambient Particulate Matter Pollution (APM) and Ambient Ozone Pollution (AOP).

Myrtenol's Effectiveness against Hospital-Acquired Methicillin-Resistant : Targeting Antibiofilm and Antivirulence Properties.

The emergence of methicillin-resistant (MRSA) several years ago highlighted the challenge of multidrug-resistant infections, emphasizing the critical need for innovative treatment approaches. Myrtenol, known for its antibacterial and antibiofilm properties, holds promise as a potential treatment option. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of myrtenol against MRSA.

Biochemical and biological studies of irradiated and non-irradiated extracts of Solanum aculeastrum Dunal fruit.

This study explores the impact of γ-irradiation on ethanolic extracts of Solanum aculeastrum Dunal. The anti-cancer and antimicrobial properties were investigated. The obtained results revealed that total phenol (TP) and total flavonoid (TF) of total ethanol extract (100%) (FTE) were higher than 70% ethanol extract (SE), and these contents increased after gamma radiation with 5 kGy.

Spatial prediction of armed conflicts from the perspective of political geography using bivariate frequency ratio method (FR) in East African States.

Armed conflicts, as significant human phenomena, profoundly impact populations and reflect a state's capacity to fulfill its responsibilities. These conflicts arise from various causes, necessitating robust predictive models to understand their spatial distribution. This study employs the Bivariate Frequency Ratio (FR) method to spatially predict the occurrence of armed conflicts across the East African States, drawing on 42 political geography-related criteria.

Potential carcinogenic role of Reg IV in ulcerative colitis-associated colorectal neoplasia.

Background: Early detection of ulcerative colitis-associated neoplasia (UC-N) remains a clinical challenge. Identification of molecular biomarkers for colorectal dysplasia and cancer may be extremely beneficial in early detection and managing cancer risk in long-standing ulcerative colitis (UC) patients.

Objective: The aim of this work is to investigate the role of Reg IV in comparison to P53 and KRAS in UC-associated dysplasia and colorectal cancer (CRC) in order to evaluate the potential use of Reg IV for dysplasia and cancer screening in UC patients.

Experimental investigation of a nano coating efficiency for dust mitigation on photovoltaic panels in harsh climatic conditions.

Dust accumulation on photovoltaic (PV) panels in arid regions diminishes solar energy absorption and panel efficiency. In this study, the effectiveness of a self-cleaning nano-coating thin film is evaluated in reducing dust accumulation and improving PV Panel efficiency. Surface morphology and elemental analysis of the nano-coating and dust are conducted.