Does surgery improve quality of life in patients with ongoing- or recurrent diverticulitis; a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Recurrences or persistent symptoms after an initial episode of diverticulitis are common, yet surgical treatment is rarely performed. Current guidelines lack clear recommendations on whether or not to operate, even though recent studies suggest an improved quality of life following surgery. The aim of this study is therefore to compare quality of life in patients with recurrent or ongoing diverticulitis treated conservatively versus surgically, giving a more definitive answer to the question of whether or not to operate on these patients.

[Abdominal pain after a generalized tonic-clonic seizure].

Background: Skeletal injury following a generalized tonic-clonic insult is rare. It is often missed as patients are unable to adequately express their symptoms in the post-ictal state, the apparent lack of a trauma prior to the insult and the low a priori chance. However, in order to ensure adequate treatment, timely diagnosis of these injuries is of great importance.

Volcanic hazard exacerbated by future global warming-driven increase in heavy rainfall.

Heavy rainfall drives a range of eruptive and non-eruptive volcanic hazards. Over the Holocene, the incidence of many such hazards has increased due to rapid climate change. Here, we show that extreme heavy rainfall is projected to increase with continued global warming throughout the twenty-first century in most subaerial volcanic regions, increasing the potential for rainfall-induced volcanic hazards.

Forecasting mechanical failure and the 26 June 2018 eruption of Sierra Negra Volcano, Galápagos, Ecuador.

Using recent advancements in high-performance computing data assimilation to combine satellite InSAR data with numerical models, the prolonged unrest of the Sierra Negra volcano in the Galápagos was tracked to provide a fortuitous, but successful, forecast 5 months in advance of the 26 June 2018 eruption. Subsequent numerical simulations reveal that the evolution of the stress state in the host rock surrounding the Sierra Negra magma system likely controlled eruption timing. While changes in magma reservoir pressure remained modest (<15 MPa), modeled widespread Mohr-Coulomb failure is coincident with the timing of the 26 June 2018 moment magnitude 5.

Predicting Mortality Within 90 Days of First Intervention in Patients With Left-Sided Obstructive Colon Cancer.

Background: Acute resection for left-sided obstructive colon carcinoma is thought to be associated with a higher mortality risk than a bridge-to-surgery approach using decompressing stoma or self-expandable metal stent, but prediction models are lacking.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the influence of treatment strategy on mortality within 90 days from the first intervention in patients presenting with left-sided obstructive colon carcinoma.

Design: This was a national multicenter cohort study that used data from a prospective national audit.

Short- and Long-term Outcomes After Laparoscopic Emergency Resection of Left-Sided Obstructive Colon Cancer: A Nationwide Propensity Score-Matched Analysis.

Background: The role of laparoscopy for emergency resection of left-sided obstructive colon cancer remains unclear, especially regarding impact on survival.

Objective: This study aimed to determine short- and long-term outcomes after laparoscopic versus open emergency resection of left-sided obstructive colon cancer.

Design: This observational cohort study compared patients who underwent laparoscopic emergency resection to those who underwent open emergency resection between 2009 and 2016 by using 1:3 propensity-score matching.

[Treatment of left-sided obstructive colon cancer].

In patients ≥ 70 years of age with left-sided obstructive colon cancer, emergency resection should be avoided in the curative setting, and a bridge to surgery technique with Self-Expandable Metal Stent (SEMS) or a decompressing stoma should be applied. In patients < 70 years of age, all three options (emergency resection, SEMS or a decompressing stoma) can be considered as curative intent treatment. If the construction of a decompressing stoma and SEMS placement are both suitable bridging options, the low chance of having a stoma at any time in case of SEMS, and avoiding the risk of SEMS-related complications (i.

Southward growth of Mauna Loa's dike-like magma body driven by topographic stress.

Space-geodetic observations of a new period of inflation at Mauna Loa volcano, Hawaii, recorded an influx of 0.11 km of new magma into it's dike-like magma body during 2014-2020. The intrusion started after at least 4 years of decollement slip under the eastern flank creating > 0.

Caldera resurgence during the 2018 eruption of Sierra Negra volcano, Galápagos Islands.

Recent large basaltic eruptions began after only minor surface uplift and seismicity, and resulted in caldera subsidence. In contrast, some eruptions at Galápagos Island volcanoes are preceded by prolonged, large amplitude uplift and elevated seismicity. These systems also display long-term intra-caldera uplift, or resurgence.

Time interval between self-expandable metal stent placement or creation of a decompressing stoma and elective resection of left-sided obstructive colon cancer.

Background: The optimal timing of resection after decompression of left-sided obstructive colon cancer is unknown. Revised expert-based guideline recommendations have shifted from an interval of 5 - 10 days to approximately 2 weeks following self-expandable metal stent (SEMS) placement, and recommendations after decompressing stoma are lacking. We aimed to evaluate the recommended bridging intervals after SEMS and explore the timing of resection after decompressing stoma.

Self-expandable metal stent (SEMS) placement or emergency surgery as palliative treatment for obstructive colorectal cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Previous meta-analyses on palliative treatment of malignant colorectal obstruction with Self-Expandable Metal Stent (SEMS) or emergency surgery reported contradictory results for morbidity, and frequently included extracolonic obstruction. Therefore, the current meta-analysis aimed to exclusively analyze palliative treatment for primary obstructive colorectal cancer, with early complication rate as a primary outcome. A systematic literature search was performed on studies comparing palliative SEMS and emergency surgery.

Decompressing Stoma a s Bridge to Elective Surgery is an Effective Strategy for Left-sided Obstructive Colon Cancer: A National, Propensity-score Matched Study.

Objective: The purpose of this population-based study was to compare decompressing stoma (DS) as bridge to surgery (BTS) with emergency resection (ER) for left-sided obstructive colon cancer (LSOCC) using propensity-score matching.

Summary Background Data: Recently, an increased use of DS as BTS for LSOCC has been observed in the Netherlands. Unfortunately, good quality comparative analyses with ER are scarce.

Author Correction: Extreme rainfall triggered the 2018 rift eruption at Kīlauea Volcano.

An Amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

Intestinal motility distal of a deviating ileostomy after rectal resection with the construction of a primary anastomosis: results of the prospective COLO-MOVE study.

Purpose: No consensus exists regarding the use of preoperative bowel preparation for patients undergoing a low anterior resection (LAR). Several comparative studies show similar outcomes when a single time enema (STE) is compared with mechanical bowel preparation (MBP). It is hypothesized that STE is comparable with MBP due to a decrease in intestinal motility distal of a newly constructed diverting ileostomy (DI).

Extreme rainfall triggered the 2018 rift eruption at Kīlauea Volcano.

The May 2018 rift intrusion and eruption of Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai'i, represented one of its most extraordinary eruptive sequences in at least 200 years, yet the trigger mechanism remains elusive. The event was preceded by several months of anomalously high precipitation. It has been proposed that rainfall can modulate shallow volcanic activity, but it remains unknown whether it can have impacts at the greater depths associated with magma transport.

Synchronous and Metachronous Peritoneal Metastases in Patients with Left-Sided Obstructive Colon Cancer.

Background: Controversy exists on emergency setting as a risk factor for peritoneal metastases (PM) in colon cancer patients. Data in patients with obstruction are scarce. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of synchronous and metachronous PM, risk factors for the development of metachronous PM, and prognostic implications within a large nationwide cohort of left-sided obstructive colon cancer (LSOCC).

Comparison of Decompressing Stoma vs Stent as a Bridge to Surgery for Left-Sided Obstructive Colon Cancer.

Importance: Bridge to elective surgery using self-expandable metal stent (SEMS) placement is a debated alternative to emergency resection for patients with left-sided obstructive colon cancer because of oncologic concerns. A decompressing stoma (DS) might be a valid alternative, but relevant studies are scarce.

Objective: To compare DS with SEMS as a bridge to surgery for nonlocally advanced left-sided obstructive colon cancer using propensity score matching.

Changes in Management of Left-Sided Obstructive Colon Cancer: National Practice and Guideline Implementation.

Background: Previous analysis of Dutch practice in treatment of left-sided obstructive colon cancer (LSOCC) until 2012 showed that emergency resection (ER) was preferred, with high mortality in patients aged ≥70 years. Consequently, Dutch and European guidelines in 2014 recommended a bridge to surgery (BTS) with either self-expandable metal stent (SEMS) or decompressing stoma (DS) in high-risk patients. The implementation and effects of these guidelines have not yet been evaluated.

Propensity score-matched analysis of oncological outcome between stent as bridge to surgery and emergency resection in patients with malignant left-sided colonic obstruction.

Background: Although self-expandable metal stent (SEMS) placement as bridge to surgery (BTS) in patients with left-sided obstructing colonic cancer has shown promising short-term results, it is used infrequently owing to uncertainty about its oncological safety. This population study compared long-term oncological outcomes between emergency resection and SEMS placement as BTS.

Methods: Through a national collaborative research project, long-term outcome data were collected for all patients who underwent resection for left-sided obstructing colonic cancer between 2009 and 2016 in 75 Dutch hospitals.

Critical appraisal of oncological safety of stent as bridge to surgery in left-sided obstructing colon cancer; a systematic review and meta-analysis.

This meta-analysis aims to determine the long-term oncological outcomes of SEMS as bridge to surgery (BTS) versus emergency surgery (ES). A systematic search without restrictions was conducted, and all studies comparing SEMS with ES reporting on long-term outcomes were included. Methodological quality was assessed using the appropriate tools.

Geodetic evidence for interconnectivity between Aira and Kirishima magmatic systems, Japan.

It is not known whether clustered or aligned volcanic edifices at the Earth surface have connected magmatic systems at depth. Previously suggested by geological records of paired eruptions, volcano interconnectivity still lacks proper geodetic evidence. Here we use GPS time-series and deformation modeling to show how Aira caldera and Kirishima, two adjacent volcanic centers in Kagoshima graben (southern Japan), interacted during Kirishima unrest in 2011.

Incidence of and risk factors for stoma-site incisional herniation after reversal.

Background: Stoma reversal is often considered a straightforward procedure with low short-term complication rates. The aim of this study was to determine the rate of incisional hernia following stoma reversal and identify risk factors for its development.

Methods: This was an observational study of consecutive patients who underwent stoma reversal between 2009 and 2015 at a teaching hospital.