Ulcerative Jejunitis in Celiac Disease: A Thirty-Year U.S. Experience.

Introduction: Ulcerative jejunitis (UJ) or ulcerative enteritis (UE) is a rare complication of celiac disease (CeD). Guidelines regarding diagnosis and management are missing and these cases have seldom been reported in the United States.

Design: Single center case-series of CeD in which UE developed at a large academic center in the USA.

Persistent villous atrophy predicts development of complications and mortality in adult patients with coeliac disease: a multicentre longitudinal cohort study and development of a score to identify high-risk patients.

Objective: Persistent villous atrophy (pVA) in coeliac disease (CD) despite a gluten-free diet (GFD) has unclear meaning. We aimed to (i) study the relationship between pVA and long-term outcomes and (ii) develop a score to identify patients at risk of pVA.

Design: This is a multicentre retrospective-prospective study consisting of a study cohort (cohort 1) and an external validation cohort (cohort 2) of patients with biopsy-proven CD diagnosed between 2000 and 2021.

Pancreatic enzyme supplementation versus placebo for improvement of gastrointestinal symptoms in non-responsive celiac disease: A cross-over randomized controlled trial.

Background: Pancreatic Exocrine Insufficiency (PEI) is a possible cause of recurrent/persistent symptoms in celiac disease. Although pancreatic enzyme supplementation may be used to treat non-responsive celiac disease (NRCD) in clinical practice, clinical outcomes are variable and there is limited and low quality evidence to support this practice. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of pancreatic enzyme supplements (PES) for improvement of gastrointestinal symptoms in NRCD.

Review article: Becoming and being coeliac-special considerations for childhood, adolescence and beyond.

Classically considered a disease of early childhood characterised by malabsorption and failure to thrive, coeliac disease is now recognised to arise in genetically susceptible individuals at any age. Although permissive HLA genotypes are the strongest predictor of coeliac disease, they are not sufficient. Several prospective cohort studies enrolling genetically at-risk infants have investigated the role of potential triggers of coeliac disease autoimmunity, such as timing of gluten introduction, viral infections and dietary patterns.

Society for the Study of Celiac Disease position statement on gaps and opportunities in coeliac disease.

Progress has been made in understanding coeliac disease, a relatively frequent and underappreciated immune-mediated condition that occurs in genetically predisposed individuals. However, several gaps remain in knowledge related to diagnosis and management. The gluten-free diet, currently the only available management, is not curative or universally effective (some adherent patients have ongoing duodenal injury).

Clinical classification and long-term outcomes of seronegative coeliac disease: a 20-year multicentre follow-up study.

Background: Seronegative coeliac disease is poorly defined.

Aims: To study clinical phenotypes and long-term outcomes of seronegative coeliac disease in a multicentre cohort over 20 years.

Methods: Seronegative coeliac disease was diagnosed in HLA-DQ2/DQ8-positive patients with villous atrophy (VA), negative IgA endomysial (EmA), tissue transglutaminase (tTG) and deamidated-gliadin antibodies (DGP), clinical and histological response to a gluten-free diet (GFD), and no alternative causes for VA.

Non-responsive celiac disease in children on a gluten free diet.

Background: Non-responsive celiac disease (NRCD) is defined as the persistence of symptoms in individuals with celiac disease (CeD) despite being on a gluten-free diet (GFD). There is scant literature about NRCD in the pediatric population.

Aim: To determine the incidence, clinical characteristics and underlying causes of NRCD in children.

Celiac Disease: Fallacies and Facts.

Our understanding of the pathophysiology of celiac disease has progressed greatly over the past 25 years; however, some fallacies about the clinical characteristics and management persist. Worldwide epidemiologic data are now available showing that celiac disease is ubiquitous. An elevated body mass index is common at the time of the diagnosis.

Predictors of Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth in Symptomatic Patients Referred for Breath Testing.

Background: Indications for a breath test (BT) are well established in the symptomatic patient with risk factors predisposing them to small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO). Characteristics and the profile of this population are not well known. Our objective was to study the characteristics of patients undergoing a BT for SIBO and to identify factors associated with a positive BT.

Discordance Between Serology and Histology for Celiac Disease in a Cohort with Coexisting Liver Disorders.

Background: The liver and celiac disease (CeD) share a complex relationship. While in some patients, isolated hypertransaminasemia is the only manifestation of CeD, liver diseases (LD) may also be associated with the presence of isolated tissue transglutaminase antibodies IgA (tTG IgA) without histologic evidence of CeD.

Aims: To examine the yield of tTG IgA testing (a) in the workup for chronic liver disease (CLD) or cytolysis and (b) to identify biopsy-confirmed CeD (BxCeD) among patients with concomitant LD.

Enteric-Release Budesonide May Be Useful in the Management of Non-Responsive Celiac Disease.

Background: Non-responsive celiac disease (NRCD) has many aetiologies, including gluten exposure. Budesonide may be used for refractory celiac disease (RCD) and celiac crisis.

Aims: We reviewed the effectiveness of budesonide to induce clinical and histologic response in NRCD with villous atrophy (VA).

Prevalence of Celiac Disease in Patients with Primary Biliary Cholangitis.

Background: Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) frequently coexists with other autoimmune diseases, including celiac disease (CeD). Although the prevalence of CeD is high among cohorts with PBC, few studies have directly compared this prevalence to those among individuals with other liver diseases (OLD).

Aim: To compare the prevalence of CeD between a cohort with PBC and a cohort with OLD.

Correction: Two distinct colonic CD14 subsets characterized by single-cell RNA profiling in Crohn's disease.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

Celiac Disease: Extraintestinal Manifestations and Associated Conditions.

Celiac disease is a common form of enteropathy with frequent extraintestinal manifestations (EIM). Misrecognition of these presentations may lead to significant delays in diagnosis. Any organ may be involved, either through an immune/inflammatory phenomenon, or nutritional deficiencies.

Nodular Regenerative Hyperplasia: Expression Pattern of Glutamine Synthetase and a Potential Role for Hepatic Progenitor Cells.

Nodular regenerative hyperplasia (NRH) is one of the most frequent causes of noncirrhotic intrahepatic hypertension, but is a difficult histologic diagnosis. The expression of glutamine synthetase (GS) and cytokeratin 7 (CK7) has been reported to be increased in other regenerative/vascular conditions, while CK7 and BerEP4 are also markers of hepatic progenitor cells. The aims of this study were to investigate the use of GS, CK7, and BerEP4 as the potential markers for NRH.

Efficacy of Enteric-Release Oral Budesonide in Treatment of Acute Reactions to Gluten in Patients With Celiac Disease.

Celiac disease (CeD) is a common gluten-responsive T cell-mediated enteropathy. The only current treatment is gluten avoidance; however, even when attempting to adhere to a gluten-free diet (GFD), symptomatic gluten exposures are frequent..

Two distinct colonic CD14 subsets characterized by single-cell RNA profiling in Crohn's disease.

Inflammatory bowel diseases are associated with dysregulated immune responses in the intestinal tissue. Four molecularly identified macrophage subsets control immune homeostasis in healthy gut. However, the specific roles and transcriptomic profiles of the phenotypically heterogeneous CD14 macrophage-like population in inflamed gut remain to be investigated in Crohn's disease (CD).

Langerhans cell histiocytosis presenting as Crohn's disease: a case report.

Purpose: We describe an exceptional case of Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) that presented as Crohn's disease and primary sclerosing cholangitis.

Methods: The patient's clinical, endoscopic, and histologic data from the Centre Hospitalier de l'Universite de Montreal were reviewed, as well as the literature on LCH involving the digestive tract and the liver, with a focus on the similarities with Crohn's disease and primary sclerosing cholangitis.

Results: A 39 years-old man first presented with anal fissures and deep punctiform colonic ulcers.