Surgical treatment of metastatic VIPoma: a case report.

VIPoma, a neuroendocrine tumour mostly occurring in the human pancreas and producing high levels of vasoactive intestinal peptide, is a rare disease that presents with a wide spectrum of symptoms, including intense diarrhoea, hypokalaemia, and cardiac complications, with life-threatening consequences. In most cases, metastatic lesions are present at VIPoma diagnosis. Treatment options include symptomatic therapy, chemotherapy, radiation and surgery.

Autoimmune hypophysitis secondary to therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors: Four cases describing the clinical heterogeneity of central endocrine dysfunction.

Introduction: Immune checkpoint inhibitors are becoming increasingly important in oncology. Immune-related adverse events, including autoimmune hypophysitis, have been reported before.

Case Report: We present a case series of three males and one female, suffering from either malignant melanoma or renal cell carcinoma, who developed hypophysitis under Nivolumab and/or Ipilimumab.