DNA-PK inhibition enhances neoantigen diversity and increases T cell responses to immunoresistant tumors.

Effective antitumor T cell activity relies on the expression and MHC presentation of tumor neoantigens. Tumor cells can evade T cell detection by silencing the transcription of antigens or by altering MHC machinery, resulting in inadequate neoantigen-specific T cell activation. We identified the DNA-protein kinase inhibitor (DNA-PKi) NU7441 as a promising immunomodulator that reduced immunosuppressive proteins, while increasing MHC-I expression in a panel of human melanoma cell lines.

Alcohol Use Patterns Among Underage Autistic and Non-Autistic Youth.

Purpose: We explored factors predicting repeated or hazardous alcohol use among autistic and non-autistic U.S. youth ages 16 to 20 years.

AL Amyloidosis and Multiple Myeloma: A Complex Scenario in Which Cardiac Involvement Remains the Key Prognostic Factor.

Monoclonal gammopathies (MGs) are a wide range of diseases that may evolve or progress over time. Comorbidity plays a critical role in this setting. The co-occurrence of two MGs is not a rare event.

Reductions in Depression and Anxiety Among Autistic Adults Participating in an Intervention to Promote Healthy Relationships.

Importance: Some autistic adults experience depression and anxiety related to their social relationships. There is a need for evidence-based occupational therapy interventions that decrease depression and anxiety and improve the health of social relationships for autistic adults.

Objective: To determine the feasibility and preliminary effectiveness of the Healthy Relationships on the Autism Spectrum (HEARTS) intervention, a six-session, group-based psychoeducational intervention for the improvement of relationship health.

Fairer Sex: The Role of Relationship Equity in Female Sexual Desire.

Previous investigations into Female Sexual Desire (FSD) have been focused on women's biological, cognitive, and emotional processes, despite evidence that FSD is also responsive to relational contexts. Past research consistently demonstrates a general association between relationship satisfaction and FSD. There remains, however, a need to expound this connection.

Healthy Relationships on the Autism Spectrum (HEARTS): A feasibility test of an online class co-designed and co-taught with autistic people.

The Healthy Relationships on the Autism Spectrum class is unique because autistic people helped to develop it and co-taught it. It is an online, six-session class. The class was piloted in 2020-2021 with 55 autistic people who were ages 18-44 years old.

Early Enteral Nutrition and Gastrointestinal Complications in Pediatric Patients on Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation.

Objectives: To assess the safety of enteral nutrition (EN) in children on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). To describe nutritional status and the characteristics of the nutritional support in this population.

Methods: A retrospective single-center analysis (2006-2016) including children <18 years on ECMO.

Induction of IRAK-M in melanoma induces caspase-3 dependent apoptosis by reducing TRAF6 and calpastatin levels.

Melanoma represents the most serious type of skin cancer. Although recent years have seen advances using targeted and immunotherapies, most patients remain at high risk for tumor recurrence. Here we show that IRAK-M, a negative regulator of MyD88 signaling, is deficient or low in melanoma and expression levels correlate with patient survival.

Renal function in children assisted with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.

Acute kidney injury is a frequent complication in patients requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. A single-center retrospective analysis from a prospective observational database assessing the incidence of acute kidney injury in children undergoing extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, the use of continuous renal replacement therapy and its association with outcomes was performed. One hundred children were studied.

Interleukin 1 Receptor-Like 1 (IL1RL1) Promotes Airway Bacterial and Viral Infection and Inflammation.

Interleukin 1 receptor-like 1 (IL1RL1), also known as suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (ST2), is the receptor for interleukin 33 (IL-33) and has been increasingly studied in type 2 inflammation. An increase in airway IL-33/ST2 signaling in asthma has been associated with eosinophilic inflammation, but little is known about the role of ST2 in neutrophilic inflammation. Airway and human rhinovirus (HRV) infections are linked to neutrophilic inflammation during acute exacerbations of asthma.

Hemodynamic impact of the connection to continuous renal replacement therapy in critically ill children.

Background: Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) is the treatment of choice for critically ill children with acute kidney injury. Hypotension after starting CRRT is frequent but very few studies have analyzed its incidence and clinical relevance.

Methods: A prospective, observational study was performed including critically ill children treated with CRRT between 2010 and 2014.

Immunoproteasomes as a novel antiviral mechanism in rhinovirus-infected airways.

Rhinovirus (RV) infection is involved in acute exacerbations of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). RV primarily infects upper and lower airway epithelium. Immunoproteasomes (IP) are proteolytic machineries with multiple functions including the regulation of MHC class I antigen processing during viral infection.

Toll-Interacting Protein, Tollip, Inhibits IL-13-Mediated Pulmonary Eosinophilic Inflammation in Mice.

Toll-interacting protein (Tollip) is a key negative regulator of innate immunity by preventing excessive proinflammatory responses. Tollip genetic variation has been associated with airflow limitation in asthma subjects and Tollip expression. Whether Tollip regulates lung inflammation in a type 2 cytokine milieu (e.

Infection in critically ill pediatric patients on continuous renal replacement therapy.

Introduction: Continuous renal replacement therapies (CRRT) are frequently used in critically ill children and may increase the risk of infection. However, the incidence, characteristics and prognosis of infection in critically ill children on CRRT have not been studied.

Methods: Data from a prospective, single-center register of critically ill children treated with CRRT was analyzed.

MUC18 regulates IL-13-mediated airway inflammatory response.

Objective: To evaluate the effects of MUC18 on IL-13-mediated airway inflammatory responses in human airway epithelial cells and in mice.

Materials: Primary normal human tracheobronchial epithelial (HTBE) cells, wild-type (WT) and Muc18 knockout (KO) mice, and mouse tracheal epithelial cells (mTECs) were utilized.

Treatment: Cultured HTBE cells treated with MUC18 siRNA or MUC18 expressing lentivirus were incubated with IL-13 (10 ng/mL) for 24 h.

A novel mouse model of conditional IRAK-M deficiency in myeloid cells: application in lung Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection.

Myeloid cells such as macrophages are critical to innate defense against infection. IL-1 receptor-associated kinase M (IRAK-M) is a negative regulator of TLR signaling during bacterial infection, but the role of myeloid cell IRAK-M in bacterial infection is unclear. Our goal was to generate a novel conditional knockout mouse model to define the role of myeloid cell IRAK-M during bacterial infection.

Continuous renal replacement therapy in children after cardiac surgery.

Objective: The objective was to study the clinical course of children requiring continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) after cardiac surgery and to analyze the factors associated with mortality.

Methods: A prospective observational study was performed that included all children requiring CRRT after cardiac surgery, comparing these patients with other critically ill children requiring CRRT. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to determine the influence of each factor on mortality.

Multichannel intraluminal impedance to study gastroesophageal reflux in mechanically ventilated children in the first 48 h after PICU admission.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the incidence, characteristics, related factors, and clinical implications of gastroesophageal reflux (GER) in critically ill children using esophageal pH monitoring and multichannel intraluminal impedance.

Methods: A prospective observational clinical study was performed including 36 non-enterally fed critically ill children with mechanical ventilation, aged 1 mo to 7 y, in the first 48 h after admission in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). Esophageal pH monitoring and multichannel intraluminal impedance were used.

0.5 mg/kg versus 1 mg/kg of intravenous omeprazole for the prophylaxis of gastrointestinal bleeding in critically ill children: a randomized study.

Objective: To compare the effect of 2 doses of intravenous omeprazole on gastric pH, gastrointestinal bleeding, and adverse effects in critically ill children.

Study Design: We undertook a prospective randomized clinical trial in critically ill children at risk of gastrointestinal bleeding. The effect of 2 intravenous omeprazole regimens (0.

Evolution and mortality risk factors in children with continuous renal replacement therapy after cardiac surgery.

Introduction And Objectives: To study the clinical course of children requiring continuous renal replacement therapy after cardiac surgery and to analyze factors associated with mortality.

Methods: A prospective observational study was performed that included children requiring continuous renal replacement therapy after cardiac surgery. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to determine the influence of each factor on mortality.

Hypotonic versus isotonic maintenance fluids in critically ill children: a multicenter prospective randomized study.

Aim: Study the influence of hypotonic (HT) and isotonic (IT) maintenance fluids in the incidence of dysnatraemias in critically ill children.

Methods: Prospective, randomized study conducted in three paediatric intensive care units (PICU). One hundred and twenty-five children requiring maintenance fluid therapy were included: 62 received HT fluids (50-70 mmol/L tonicity) and 63 IT fluids (156 mmol/L tonicity).

The use of continuous renal replacement therapy in series with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.

A large percentage of patients on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) require continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) usually performed through a different venous access or by introducing a filter into the ECMO circuit. Here, we evaluated the efficacy and safety of including a CRRT machine in the circuit by connecting its inlet line after the centrifugal pump and its outlet line before the oxygenator. We tested the function of the combined system initially in a closed circuit, followed by an experimental animal study, and, finally, in a clinical trial with six children.