Effectiveness of an Interactive mHealth App (EVITE) in Improving Lifestyle After a Coronary Event: Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Coronary heart disease is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Secondary prevention is essential, as it reduces the risk of further coronary events. Mobile health (mHealth) technology could become a useful tool to improve lifestyles.

Impact of mHealth application on adherence to cardiac rehabilitation guidelines after a coronary event: Randomised controlled clinical trial protocol.

Background: Coronary disease is the main cause of death around the world. mHealth technology is considered attractive and promising to promote behavioural changes aimed at healthy lifestyle habits among coronary patients. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of an mHealth intervention regarding improved results in secondary prevention in patients after an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) or angina in terms of lifestyle, clinical variables and therapeutic compliance.

Assessment of an intervention for preventing pediatric overweight and obesity through the World Café technique: A qualitative study.

Purpose: To evaluate the self-reported perspectives of participants involved in the Previene Cádiz intervention for preventing pediatric overweight and obesity.

Design And Methods: This qualitative study collected information through the World Café technique. A purposive sample of 40 participants was used, of which 14 were schoolchildren, 12 were teachers, and 14 were parent volunteers.

Design of a Nutritional Survey to Detect High Dietary Salt Intakes and Its Usefulness in Primary Care Compared to 24-Hour Urine Sodium Determination.

Many population studies report salt intakes that exceed the WHO recommendation (2 g/day of Na+ or 5 g/day of salt). We do not have tools for detecting high salt intakes that are easy to apply in primary health care (PHC). We propose the development of a survey to screen for high salt intake in PHC patients.

[Correlations between dietary salt intake and 24-h urine sodium excretion in a sample of the urban population of Cáceres].

Objective: Excessive salt intake is associated with higher levels of AHT and prevalence of cardiovascular diseases. WHO recommends consuming less than 5 g/day of salt (equivalent to 2 g Na/day). Identifying foods and behaviours with greater contribution to excess intake would facilitate preventive dietary advice.

[Characterization, epidemiology and trends of eating disorders].

Background: eating disorders are a group of conditions in which negative beliefs about food, body shape, and body weight together with behaviors such as restricted food intake, binge eating, excessive exercise, self-induced vomiting, and use of laxatives. They can become serious, affect quality of life, and lead to multiple physical and even psychiatric complications with a fatal outcome. The purpose of this chapter is to describe the characteristics, epidemiology, and trends of eating disorders with updated information based on the most recent publications.

[Advertising and the media in eating disorders].

The media, by means of advertising, convey an ideal of unreal beauty associated with positive traits such as popularity, esteem, acceptance, intelligence, etc. This can be one of the factors that compromise emotional and physical health, being responsible for creating unrealistic expectations and body dissatisfaction, and exerting a very important influence on the triggering or maintenance of bad eating habits that can lead to eating disorders. The youngest population has a low capacity to anticipate the harmful effects of certain messages with commercial interests, and this requires implementing preventive programs based on media education, accompanied by modeling in the family nucleus to promote a healthy lifestyle.

[Social media and cyberbullying in eating disorders].

Eating disorders (ED) are a multifactorial pathology. In their origin multiple variables are involved to which nowadays a possible enhancing factor is added: the diffusion and promotion of the culture of thinness and the apology of ED through the social media (SM) used by the youngest people. Through the feedback tools of the social networks (likes, comments, visits, retweets, etc.

Design and Validation of a Scale of Knowledge of Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Lifestyle after Coronary Event.

Background: It is important for health professionals to have tools available to assess patients' knowledge of lifestyle and cardiovascular risk factors after they have suffered a coronary event and determine whether educational interventions are effective. This study aims to design and validate a scale to evaluate this knowledge.

Methods: Four-phase instrument design: (A) Conceptual review.

Independent and Combined Association of Lifestyle Behaviours and Physical Fitness with Body Weight Status in Schoolchildren.

(1) Background: Lifestyle behaviours and physical fitness play a critical role in the development of childhood obesity. It has been demonstrated in this study that self-reported physical fitness is representative of a healthy lifestyle and thus is associated with a lower incidence of overweight/obesity. The objective of this study was to analyse the independent and combined association of lifestyles (physical activity, screen time, diet and hours of sleep) and self-reported physical fitness with body weight in schoolchildren.

Lifestyle and Treatment Adherence Intervention after a Coronary Event Based on an Interactive Web Application (EVITE): Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial Protocol.

Coronary heart disease is one of the main causes of morbimortality around the world. Patients that survive a coronary event suffer a high risk of readmission, relapse and mortality, attributed to the sub-optimal control of cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF), which highlights the need to improve secondary prevention strategies aimed at improving their lifestyle and adherence to treatment. Through a randomized controlled clinical trial, this study aims to evaluate the effect of an intervention involving an online health application supported by a mobile telephone or tablet (mHealth) on lifestyle (diet, physical activity, and tobacco consumption) and treatment adherence among people with coronary heart disease after percutaneous coronary intervention.

Nutritional Status of Non-Institutionalized Adults Aged over 65. Study of Weight and Health in Older Adults (PYSMA).

Background: A significant increase in the prevalence of malnourishment, obesity, and sarcopenic obesity has been observed in developed countries over the last few decades. In Spain, this especially happens in populations over 65 who are not institutionalized. Differences in lifestyle, medication, and economic capacity partially explain this increase.

A Multimodal Intervention for Prevention of Overweight and Obesity in Schoolchildren. A Protocol Study "PREVIENE-CÁDIZ".

This paper describes the protocol for a study designed to address the high prevalence (40%) of childhood overweight and obesity in the province of Cádiz, Spain, as a reflection of what is happening worldwide. It is widely known that children who suffer from childhood obesity have a higher risk of developing chronic diseases in adulthood. This causes a decrease in the quality of life and an increase in health spending.

Patterns of Change in Dietary Habits and Physical Activity during Lockdown in Spain Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Background: Lockdown due to COVID-19 influenced food habits and lifestyles with potential negative health impact. This study aims to identify patterns of change in eating habits and physical activity during COVID-19 lockdown in Spain and to identify associations with sociodemographic factors and usual habits.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 1155 adults recruited online to answer a 10-section questionnaire.

Association of Adherence to Specific Mediterranean Diet Components and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Young Adults.

Objective: Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and a healthy diet may be part of an overall healthy lifestyle. The association between cardiorespiratory fitness and adherence to an overall Mediterranean Diet (MedD) pattern and specific MedD foods has been assessed.

Design: Subjects completed a lifestyle survey and dietary pattern, using the validated MedD Adherence 14-item questionnaire and two self-reported 24-h dietary recalls.

[Validity and limitations of methods to measure the intake and elimination of salt].

High blood pressure (HBP) is the main modifiable cardiovascular risk factor. HBP can be related to high salt intake. To measure intake, not all feeding surveys are comparable and valid.

[Food model in western Andalusia].

As is known, the type and amount of food consumption determine the nutritional composition of the diet. A healthy nutritional composition plays an essential role in the prevention of diseases such as cardiovascular, diabetes mellitus type 2 and obesity. Regarding overweight and obesity, its prevalence has increased in recent years in our country and more markedly in Andalusia, reaching quite worrying figures, due to unfavorable changes in lifestyle and nutrition.

Effects of lipid-based nutrient supplements v. micronutrient powders on nutritional and developmental outcomes among Peruvian infants.

Objective: To determine the effects of lipid-based nutrient supplements (LNS) on children's Hb, linear growth and development, compared with supplementation with micronutrient powder (MNP).

Design: The study was a two-arm parallel-group randomized controlled trial, where participants received either LNS or MNP for daily consumption during 6 months. Supplements were delivered by staff at government-run health centres.

[Dietary guidelines for the Spanish population (SENC, December 2016); the new graphic icon of healthy nutrition].

Objective: The Spanish Society of Community Nutrition (SENC) designed in 1994 a food guide for the Spanish population, updated in 2001. This report presents a new updated edition based on the best scientifi c evidence available. Methods: From a health in all policies approach, a group of experts in nutrition and public health associated with SENC was convened to review the evidence on diet-health, nutrition intake and food consumption in the Spanish population, as well as food preparation and consumption habits, determinants and impact of diet on environmental sustainability.

[Dietary Guidelines for the Spanish population (SENC, diciembre 2016); the new graphic icon of healthy food].

Objective: The Spanish Society of Community Nutrition (SENC) designed in 1994 a food guide for the Spanish population, updated in 2001. This report presents a new updated edition based on the best scientific evidence available. Methods: From a health in all policies approach, a group of experts in nutrition and public health associated with SENC was convened to review the evidence on diet-health, nutrition intake and food consumption in the Spanish population, as well as food preparation and consumption habits, determinants and impact of diet on environmental sustainability.

[Quality of life and its determinants in Spanish university students of health sciences factors].

Introduction: The quality of life of university students acquires special importance because it provides information about their life conditions and especially how they perceive it.

Objective: Evaluate the quality of life of students who are enrolled in health science studies and its relation with the following diverse factors: life and dietetic habits, anthropometric parameters and the influence of distinct variables on their perception.

Methods: Transversal study of a sample of 1753 health science degree students of nine Spanish universities with a randomized design and stratified by course and faculty for which we applied an ad hoc questionnaire that considered all study variables.

Implications of family socioeconomic level on risk behaviors in child-youth obesity.

Introduction: Socioeconomical status may indirectly affect the obesity prevalence. This study gathers together dietary behaviour, physical activity and sedentary lifestyle in relation to the family socioeconomic status in a sample of Spanish children.

Design: Population-based cross-sectional study of 3-16 years children.

[Parents´perception of childhood overweight and obesity and eating behaviors, physical activity and sedentary lifestyle of their children. Spain].

Background: Parents often do not perceive their children's excess weight, and therefore not modified their lifestyles. We study how often this actually occurs and whether this perception is associated with differences in dietary habits, physical activity and sedentary in children.

Methods: Cross-sectional study of 1620 children aged 3-16 years selected by multi-stage sampling (2008-2010) of which 454 children had excess weight.

Overweight and obesity: the role of education, employment and income in Spanish adults.

Objective: To study the relationship between obesity prevalence and education, employment and socioeconomic levels to improve the designing of intervention programs.

Methods: Cross-sectional population-based study on 2640 subjects over 15 years of age in Spain. Through interviews conducted in subjects' homes we have obtained socio-demographic, anthropometric data, and information on physical activity, life styles and eating habits.