Neuroinflammation and hypersensitivity evidenced by the acute and 28-day repeated dose toxicity tests of ostrich oil in mice.

The ostrich oil (OO) has been topically used for decades to treat skin diseases. Its oral use has been encouraged through e-commerce advertising several health benefits to OO without scientific evidence on its safety or effectiveness. This study presents the chromatographic profile of a commercially available OO and its acute and 28-day repeated dose in vivo toxicological profiles.

DoE-assisted development and validation of a stability-indicating HPLC-DAD method for simultaneous determination of five cannabinoids in Cannabis sativa L. based on analytical quality by design (AQbD) concept.

Introduction: Medical uses of Cannabis sativa L. have gained interest in recent decades, which highlights the need for defining appropriate quality specifications for Cannabis-based products. However, the complexity of plant matrices and structural similarity between cannabinoids make analytical development a challenging task.

Medical cannabis regulation: an overview of models around the world with emphasis on the Brazilian scenario.

Cannabis sativa has accompanied humankind since ancient times, permeating the most diverse aspects of its existence, among which the search for health promotion and well-being stands out. Nevertheless, during the twentieth century, a series of restrictions and controls have been adopted internationally to prevent the abusive use of this species. Despite that, there has been an increased demand for the medical use of cannabis and its derivatives in the last few decades, especially among patients with debilitating conditions for which the existing therapeutic alternatives are limited.

Two morphotypes versus two chemotypes of Psidium cattleyanum: Chemical and pharmacological comparison and a rational approach for marker selection.

Psidium cattleyanum has two morphotypes: one with yellow fruits and other with red fruits. The leaves are popularly used as anti-inflammatory. However, no distinction is made between the types.

Azepine-Indole Alkaloids From Modulate 5-HT Receptors and Prevent Protein Toxicity in Transgenic .

Nemorosine A () and fargesine (), the main azepine-indole alkaloids of , were explored for their pharmacological profile on neurodegenerative disorders (NDs) applying a combined -- approach. By using and as queries for similarity-based searches of the ChEMBL database, structurally related compounds were identified to modulate the 5-HT receptor; experiments confirmed an agonistic effect for and (24 and 36% at 10 μM, respectively), which might be linked to cognition-enhancing properties. This and the previously reported target profile of and , which also includes BuChE and MAO-A inhibition, prompted the evaluation of these compounds in several models linked to 5-HT modulation and proteotoxicity.

Quality Control of Herbal Medicines: From Traditional Techniques to State-of-the-art Approaches.

Herbal medicines are important options for the treatment of several illnesses. Although their therapeutic applicability has been demonstrated throughout history, several concerns about their safety and efficacy are raised regularly. Quality control of articles of botanical origin, including plant materials, plant extracts, and herbal medicines, remains a challenge.

Polyphenolic Composition and in Vitro Antihypertensive and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Cuphea lindmaniana and Cuphea urbaniana.

The present study investigates the chemical composition, anti-inflammatory, and antihypertensive activities, in vitro, from extracts of Cuphea lindmaniana and Cuphea urbaniana leaves. The extraction was performed ultrasound-assisted, and UHPLC/MS analysis was in positive mode ionization. The anti-inflammatory activity of the extracts and miquelianin were assayed at concentrations 0.

Psidium L. genus: A review on its chemical characterization, preclinical and clinical studies.

The Myrtaceae family is considered one of the largest known botanical families and the genus Psidium is among the most economically interesting. Psidium genus comprises approximately 112 species, and it has been extensively studied, mainly because of Psidium guavaja species. Phytochemical investigations confirmed the presence of phenolics as the main compounds, as well as the essential oils, which were also widely investigated.

Volatile constituents of Eupatorieae (Asteraceae). Compositional multivariate analysis of volatile oils from Southern Brazilian species in the subtribe Disynaphiinae.

Volatile oils (VOs) obtained from the aerial parts of species from the Disynaphiinae subtribe (genera Acanthostyles, Campovassouria, Disynaphia, Grazielia, Raulinoreitzia, and Symphyopappus) of Eupatorieae (Asteraceae) collected in Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil, were characterized using GC-MS. The yield of VOs relative to fresh material ranged from 0.2 to 1.

An ultrasound assisted extraction-solid-phase extraction-ultra-performance liquid chromatography combined strategy for atropine determination in Atropa belladonna leaves.

Atropine is an antimuscarinic alkaloid identified in Atropa belladonna. In pharmacopeias, percolation is standardized as an extraction method for A. belladonna leaves, along with liquid-liquid extraction as a cleanup procedure and titration as an analytical method for assaying the atropine in the leaves.

Chitosan-coated rosmarinic acid nanoemulsion nasal administration protects against LPS-induced memory deficit, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress in Wistar rats.

Rosmarinic acid (RA) lipid-nanotechnology-based delivery systems associate with mucoadhesive biopolymers for nasal administration has arisen as a new promising neuroprotective therapy for neurodegenerative disorders (ND). We have previously demonstrated the glioprotective effect of chitosan-coated RA nanoemulsions (RA CNE) against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced damage in rat astrocyte primary culture. Here, we further investigate the protective effect of RA CNE nasal administration on LPS-induced memory deficit, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress in Wistar rats, since these in vivo studies were crucial to understand the impact of developed delivery systems in the RA neuroprotective effects.

spp.: antichemotactic study for a potential anti-inflammatory drug.

genus (Lythraceae) popularly known in Brazil as "", it's described as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, diuretic and antihypertensive mainly. Investigating the chemotactic ability plays an important role in the identification of new anti-inflammatory agents. Thus, this research aims to assay the antichemotactic activity of hydroethanolic extracts of , , , and as well as the compounds miquelianin and myricitrin.

Kopsanone and N-oxide isolated from Mart. (Apocynaceae) leaves and their MAO-A inhibitory activity.

Mart., popularly known as 'guatambu' or 'peroba', is found from North American (Mexico) to South American (Argentina) continents and in Brazil. Two indole alkaloids were isolated from leaves of , kopsanone () and unreported (4)-oxide-kopsanone ().

Ultrasound-assisted extraction optimization and validation of ultra-performance liquid chromatographic method for the quantification of miquelianin in Cuphea glutinosa leaves.

Cuphea glutinosa is a medicinal species abundant in South of Brazil, known because of its flavonoids, which have pharmacological properties as antioxidant, anti-hypertensive, diuretic, and antimicrobial. The present study aimed to optimize the extraction and validate an ultra-performance liquid chromatographic method coupled to a photodiode array detector (UPLC-PDA) method for the quantification of a chemical marker miquelianin in C. glutinosa leaves.

Polyphenols composition from leaves of Cuphea spp. and inhibitor potential, in vitro, of angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE).

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Cuphea is the largest genus of the Lythraceae family. It is popularly known as "sete-sangrias" in Brazil used in folk medicine as a diuretic, antipyretic, anti-inflammatory, laxative and antihypertensive agent. The raw material of Cuphea has shown promising results in the production of fitotherapics, which are chemically characterized by quercetin core flavonoids.

Bioactive Azepine-Indole Alkaloids from .

Phytochemical investigation of the alkaloid extract of the aerial parts of led to the isolation and characterization of 10 azepine-indole alkaloids, i.e., cimitrypazepine (), fargesine (), nemorosines A (), and B (), nemorosinosides A-F (-), as well as two β-carboline derivatives, 10-hydroxyisodolichantoside () and 10-hydroxydolichantoside (), an isoxazole alkaloid, nemorosinoside G (), serotonin (), bufotenine (), and ()-gentianol ().

Compatibility study of rosmarinic acid with excipients used in pharmaceutical solid dosage forms using thermal and non-thermal techniques.

Rosmarinic acid (RA) is a phenolic compound that presents well-documented anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and antitumor activities, and based on its pharmacological potential and poor bioavailability, several solid dosage forms have been developed to RA delivery. Therefore, in literature, there are no reports about RA compatibility with excipients. In this regard, the aim of the present study was to evaluate, for the first time, the compatibility of RA with excipients commonly used in solid dosage forms at a 1:1 (RA:excipient) ratio using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetry (TG), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (ssNMR), and isothermal stress testing (IST) coupled with liquid chromatography (LC).

Box-Behnken Design for Extraction Optimization Followed by High Performance Countercurrent Chromatography: Production of a Flavonoid-enriched Fraction from Achyrocline Satureioides.

The biological properties of have been mostly ascribed to its major flavonoids quercetin (QCT), luteolin (LUT), and 3--methylquercetin (3MQ). The present study aimed to optimize the extraction by dynamic maceration of the major phenolic compounds in order to obtain in a subsequent step a flavonoid-enriched fraction (FEF) using high performance countercurrent chromatography (HPCCC). A 3-level Box-Behnken design (BBD) was applied to maximize the extraction of the substances, using the plant : solvent ratio ( ), extraction time ( ), and ethanol concentration ( ) as factors.

Blueberry extract decreases oxidative stress and improves functional parameters in lungs from rats with pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Objectives: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a condition characterized by an increased resistance of pulmonary vasculature, culminating in an increase in pulmonary pressure. This process involves disturbances in lung redox homeostasis, causing progressive right heart failure. In this context, the use of natural antioxidants, such as those found in blueberries, may represent a therapeutic approach.

Glioprotective Effect of Chitosan-Coated Rosmarinic Acid Nanoemulsions Against Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Rat Astrocyte Primary Cultures.

Rosmarinic acid (RA) is a natural polyphenolic compound with a well-documented neuroprotective effect mainly associated with its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Recently, our research group developed and optimized chitosan-coated RA nanoemulsions (RA CNE) intended to be used for nasal delivery as a new potential neuroprotective therapy. In this sense, the present study aimed to evaluate the protective and/or therapeutic potential of RA CNE in inflammation/oxidative stress induced by LPS (1 μg mL) in rat astrocyte primary cultures.

Aromatase (CYP19) inhibition by biflavonoids obtained from the branches of Garcinia gardneriana (Clusiaceae).

Overexpression of aromatase in breast cancer cells may substantially influence its progression and maintenance. In this sense, the inhibition of aromatase is a key target for the treatment of breast cancer in postmenopausal women. Although several flavonoids had already demonstrated the capacity of inhibiting aromatase activity, the role of biflavonoids as aromatase inhibitors is poorly studied.

Development, physico-chemical characterization and in-vitro studies of hydrogels containing rosmarinic acid-loaded nanoemulsion for topical application.

Objectives: Natural sources with antioxidant activity, such as rosmarinic acid (RA), have been considered as an interesting approach for the development of new anti-ageing skin products. In this context, this study aimed to develop hydrogels containing RA-loaded nanoemulsions and evaluate the effect of the addition of Tween 80 (a nonionic cosurfactant) in formulations intended to be used for topical application.

Methods: Physico-chemical characterization, in-vitro release and skin retention/permeation from hydrogels of RA-loaded nanoemulsions (containing or not Tween 80) were evaluated.

Bioactive Dimeric Acylphloroglucinols from the Mexican Fern Elaphoglossum paleaceum.

Two new prenylated acylphloroglucinols, paleacenins A (1) and B (2), were isolated from the rhizome n-hexane and chloroform extracts of the fern Elaphoglossum paleaceum. Both compounds were found to possess the same geranylated filicinic acid moiety but have a different phloroglucinol ring substituent. Their structures were determined using H and C NMR spectroscopic, HRMS, and ECD analysis.

The genus Erythrina L.: A review on its alkaloids, preclinical, and clinical studies.

Erythrina L. genus (Fabaceae) comprises about 115 species, and it has been extensively studied, mainly because of its alkaloids, which have pharmacological properties. References demonstrated that Erythrina spp.

An overview of the neuroprotective potential of rosmarinic acid and its association with nanotechnology-based delivery systems: A novel approach to treating neurodegenerative disorders.

Neurodegenerative disorders (ND) are characterized by slow and progressive neuronal dysfunction induced by the degeneration of neuronal cells in the central nervous system (CNS). Recently, the neuroprotective effects of natural compounds with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities has been clearly demonstrated. This appears to be an attractive therapeutic approach for ND, particularly regarding the use of polyphenols.