Nanotechnology for Healthcare: Plant-Derived Nanoparticles in Disease Treatment and Regenerative Medicine.

Nanotechnology has revolutionised biomedical research, offering innovative healthcare solutions. Plant-based nanotechnology is emerging as a sustainable alternative, minimising environmental impacts and enhancing therapeutic effectiveness. This paper explores the potential of plant-derived nanoparticles (PNPs) in medicine, highlighting their biocompatibility, multifunctionality, and eco-friendliness.

Exploring the Potentials of Wearable Technologies in Managing Vestibular Hypofunction.

The vestibular system is dedicated to gaze stabilization, postural balance, and spatial orientation; this makes vestibular function crucial for our ability to interact effectively with our environment. Vestibular hypofunction (VH) progresses over time, and it presents differently in its early and advanced stages. In the initial stages of VH, the effects of VH are mitigated using vestibular rehabilitation therapy (VRT), which can be facilitated with the aid of technology.

Photobiomodulation in Orthodontics: Mechanisms and Clinical Efficacy for Faster Tooth Movement.

Accelerated orthodontics has revolutionized traditional dental practices by employing innovative techniques to expedite tooth movement and enhance treatment outcomes. Among these advancements, low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has emerged as a promising adjunctive method that offers a non-invasive and efficient approach to accelerate orthodontic tooth movement. By harnessing the power of low-level lasers, LLLT aims to stimulate cellular activity, promote bone remodeling, and reduce treatment duration, thereby revolutionizing the landscape of orthodontic care.

A Guide for Selection of Aging Time and Temperature for Wettability Alteration in Various Rock-Oil Systems.

Wettability alteration has been identified to be one of the important mechanisms to improve the microscopic recovery in many of the enhanced oil recovery (EOR) methods including polymer flood, surfactant flood, low salinity flood, microbial flood, alkaline flood, etc. Ensuring the oil-wet nature of the formation before flooding in the laboratory is necessary to study the efficiency of the EOR process, which targets microscopic recovery through wettability alteration. Nevertheless, altering the wettability depends on several parameters, such as aging time, aging temperature, core nature, oil properties, etc.

The different clinical presentations of pediatric allergic fungal sinusitis.

In this paper, we aim to study the different clinical presentations of pediatric allergic fungal sinusitis (AFS) in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia, and to review the experience in the diagnosis & management of AFS in children at King Fahad Specialist Hospital. This study is a retrospective case series of pediatric patients diagnosed and managed as AFS at a tertiary referral hospital in Saudi Arabia. The clinical presentation of pediatric AFS varies widely and includes unilateral, unilateral with proptosis, bilateral, alternating, isolated sphenoid and extensive with intracranial & intraorbital involvements.

Human Herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) Staining: A Savior in Early Kaposi Sarcoma.

Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is a low-grade vascular neoplasm associated with human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) infection. The disease has various phases, and the morphology of the lesion may vary, especially in the early course of the disease, where the morphological features may not be even suggestive of Kaposi sarcoma. The authors take this opportunity to report a case of Kaposi sarcoma where the diagnosis was established because of HHV-8 staining rather than its histopathological features.

Melasma-like actinic lichen planus in a middle-aged Saudi male.

Actinic lichen planus (LP) is a rare variant of the common papulosquamous disease LP. It occurs mainly on sun-exposed parts of the body and has a high incidence during spring and summer. We report a case of melasma-like presentation of actinic LP in a 52-year-old Saudi man not known to have any comorbidities, who presented with asymptomatic, hyperpigmented patches on the face.

Bilateral proptosis-an unusual presentation of extensive allergic fungal sinusitis.

Allergic fungal rhinosinusitis (AFRS) is counted as the most common form of fungal sinusitis. It is mainly due to the hypersensitivity reaction to fungal infection. Usually, the patients are atopic or immunocompetent.

Integrated Management of Diabetes and Tuberculosis in Rural India - Results From a Pilot Study.

Introduction: The World Health Organization and International Union against Tuberculosis (TB) recommends screening patients with TB for Diabetes Mellitus (DM) at the initiation of treatment. There are few pilot studies which screen TB patients for DM, but none of them have documented the feasibility of managing TB patients with DM in the Indian healthcare setting. Operational research is needed to determine the best way to manage individuals with both conditions.

Eruptive Granuloma Annulare in an Elderly Man With Diabetes.

Although the etiology of granuloma annulare (GA) remains unknown, it has been associated with many reported triggers, including chronic medical illnesses and malignancy. Herein, we present a case of an elderly man with diabetes who has a generalized variant of granuloma annulare. The patient had a six-month history of multiple skin-colored, scattered, itchy papules disseminated over the trunk.

Deep forest model for diagnosing COVID-19 from routine blood tests.

The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) global pandemic has threatened the lives of people worldwide and posed considerable challenges. Early and accurate screening of infected people is vital for combating the disease. To help with the limited quantity of swab tests, we propose a machine learning prediction model to accurately diagnose COVID-19 from clinical and/or routine laboratory data.

Why do strategies to strengthen primary health care succeed in some places and fail in others? Exploring local variation in the effectiveness of a community health worker managed digital health intervention in rural India.

Introduction: Digital health interventions (DHIs) have huge potential as support modalities to identify and manage cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in resource-constrained settings, but studies assessing them show modest effects. This study aims to identify variation in outcomes and implementation of SMARTHealth India, a cluster randomised trial of an ASHA-managed digitally enabled primary healthcare (PHC) service strengthening strategy for CVD risk management, and to explain how and in what contexts the intervention was effective.

Methods: We analysed trial outcome and implementation data for 18 PHC centres and collected qualitative data via focus groups with ASHAs (n=14) and interviews with ASHAs, PHC facility doctors and fieldteam mangers (n=12) Drawing on principles of realist evaluation and an explanatory mixed-methods design we developed mechanism-based explanations for observed outcomes.

Ensemble learning model for diagnosing COVID-19 from routine blood tests.

Background And Objectives: The pandemic of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has severely impacted human society with a massive death toll worldwide. There is an urgent need for early and reliable screening of COVID-19 patients to provide better and timely patient care and to combat the spread of the disease. In this context, recent studies have reported some key advantages of using routine blood tests for initial screening of COVID-19 patients.

A Framework for Adapting Deep Brain Stimulation Using Parkinsonian State Estimates.

The mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of deep brain stimulation (DBS) for Parkinson's disease (PD) remain poorly understood and are still under debate. This has hindered the development of adaptive DBS (aDBS). For further progress in aDBS, more insight into the dynamics of PD is needed, which can be obtained using machine learning models.

SMARThealth India: A stepped-wedge, cluster randomised controlled trial of a community health worker managed mobile health intervention for people assessed at high cardiovascular disease risk in rural India.

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are rising in India resulting in major health system challenges.

Methods: Eighteen primary health centre (PHC) clusters in rural Andhra Pradesh were randomised over three, 6-month steps to an intervention comprising: (1) household CVD risk assessments by village-based community health workers (CHWs) using a mobile tablet device; (2) electronic referral and clinical decision support for PHC doctors; and (3) a tracking system for follow-up care. Independent data collectors screened people aged ≥ 40 years in 54 villages serviced by the PHCs to create a high CVD risk cohort (based on WHO risk charts and blood pressure thresholds).

Toward adaptive deep brain stimulation in Parkinson's disease: a review.

Clinical deep brain stimulation (DBS) is now regarded as the therapeutic intervention of choice at the advanced stages of Parkinson's disease. However, some major challenges of DBS are stimulation induced side effects and limited pacemaker battery life. Side effects and shortening of pacemaker battery life are mainly as a result of continuous stimulation and poor stimulation focus.

Toward On-Demand Deep Brain Stimulation Using Online Parkinson's Disease Prediction Driven by Dynamic Detection.

In Parkinson's disease (PD), on-demand deep brain stimulation is required so that stimulation is regulated to reduce side effects resulting from continuous stimulation and PD exacerbation due to untimely stimulation. Also, the progressive nature of PD necessitates the use of dynamic detection schemes that can track the nonlinearities in PD. This paper proposes the use of dynamic feature extraction and dynamic pattern classification to achieve dynamic PD detection taking into account the demand for high accuracy, low computation, and real-time detection.

Patient specific Parkinson's disease detection for adaptive deep brain stimulation.

Continuous deep brain stimulation for Parkinson's disease (PD) patients results in side effects and shortening of the pacemaker battery life. This can be remedied using adaptive stimulation. To achieve adaptive DBS, patient customized PD detection is required due to the inconsistency associated with biomarkers across patients and time.