Targeted Disruption of Mouse Dip2B Leads to Abnormal Lung Development and Prenatal Lethality.

Molecular and anatomical functions of mammalian Dip2 family members (Dip2A, Dip2B and Dip2C) during organogenesis are largely unknown. Here, we explored the indispensable role of Dip2B in mouse lung development. Using a LacZ reporter, we explored Dip2B expression during embryogenesis.

Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation enhances HuR oligomerization and contributes to pro-inflammatory gene mRNA stabilization.

Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation (PARylation) is an important post-translational modification mainly catalyzed by poly-ADP-ribose polymerase 1 (PARP1). In addition to having important roles in DNA damage detection and repair, it functions in gene expression regulation, especially at the posttranscriptional level. Embryonic lethal abnormal vision-like 1/human antigen R (ELAVL/HuR), a canonical 3' untranslated region AU-rich element-binding protein, is a crucial mRNA-stabilizing protein that protects target mRNAs from RNA-destabilizing protein- or microRNA-induced silencing complex (miRISC)-mediated degradation.

c‑Abl‑mediated tyrosine phosphorylation of DNA damage response proteins and implications in important cellular functions (Review).

Tyrosine phosphorylation is an essential post‑translational protein modification catalyzed by tyrosine kinases. c‑Abl is a crucial non‑receptor tyrosine kinase, which is most commonly activated by auto‑phosphorylation, DNA damage and by interacting with other protein kinases. DNA damage response (DDR) proteins stimulated by DNA lesions or chromatin alterations recruit the DNA repair and cell cycle checkpoint machinery to restore genome integrity and cellular homeostasis.

Enzymatically inactive OGG1 binds to DNA and steers base excision repair toward gene transcription.

8-Oxoguanine DNA glycosylase1 (OGG1)-initiated base excision repair (BER) is the primary pathway to remove the pre-mutagenic 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (8-oxoG) from DNA. Recent studies documented 8-oxoG serves as an epigenetic-like mark and OGG1 modulates gene expression in oxidatively stressed cells. For this new role of OGG1, two distinct mechanisms have been proposed: one is coupled to base excision, while the other only requires substrate binding of OGG1--both resulting in conformational adjustment in the adjacent DNA sequences providing access for transcription factors to their cis-elements.

Correction: Transcriptome profiling of mouse brain and lung under Dip2a regulation using RNA-sequencing.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

c-Abl-Mediated Tyrosine Phosphorylation of PARP1 Is Crucial for Expression of Proinflammatory Genes.

Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation is a rapid and transient posttranslational protein modification mostly catalyzed by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP1). Fundamental roles of activated PARP1 in DNA damage repair and cellular response pathways are well established; however, the precise mechanisms by which PARP1 is activated independent of DNA damage, and thereby playing a role in expression of inflammatory genes, remain poorly understood. In this study, we show that, in response to LPS or TNF-α exposure, the nonreceptor tyrosine kinase c-Abl undergoes nuclear translocation and interacts with and phosphorylates PARP1 at the conserved Y829 site.

Transcriptome profiling of mouse brain and lung under Dip2a regulation using RNA-sequencing.

Disconnected interacting protein 2 homolog A (DIP2A) is highly expressed in nervous system and respiratory system of developing embryos. However, genes regulated by Dip2a in developing brain and lung have not been systematically studied. Transcriptome of brain and lung in embryonic 19.

17-beta estradiol inhibits oxidative stress-induced accumulation of AIF into nucleolus and PARP1-dependent cell death via estrogen receptor alpha.

Oxidative stress-induced DNA damage results in over-activation of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1), leading to parthanatos, a newly discovered cell elimination pathway. Inhibition of PARP1-dependent cell death has shown to improve the outcome of diseases, including stroke, heart ischemia, and neurodegenerative diseases. In the present study we aimed to detect whether estrogen plays a protective role in inhibiting parthanatos.