Examining the role of magnetic fields in plasma behavior and surface evolution of a Mg alloy with varied irradiances in a femtosecond laser treatment.

This paper reports the effect of a magnetic field on plasma parameters and surface structuring of the Mg alloy after laser irradiation. Femtosecond pulses of a Ti:sapphire laser system (800 nm, 35 fs, 1 KHz) are employed as the source of irradiation at various irradiances ranging from 0.011 / to 0.

First Detection of Extensively Drug-Resistant Typhi Isolates Harboring and Genes for Carbapenem Resistance from Faisalabad, Pakistan.

Rapid emergence of resistance in serovar Typhi ( Typhi) against most of the available therapeutic options for typhoid has rendered its treatment more difficult. This study sought to determine the current scenario of antimicrobial resistance in local isolates of Faisalabad following several treatment failure reports. Out of 300 clinical specimens collected in 2018, 45 isolates were identified as Typhi.

Immunological characterization of chitosan adjuvanted outer membrane proteins of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi as multi-epitope typhoid vaccine candidate.

Background: Outer membrane proteins (OMPs) of Gram-negative bacteria have been known as potential vaccine targets due to their antigenic properties and host specificity. Here, we focused on the exploration of the immunogenic potential and protective efficacy of total OMPs of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi due to their multi epitope properties, adjuvanted with nanoporous chitosan particles (NPCPs). The study was designed to extrapolate an effective, low cost prophylactic approach for typhoid fever being getting uncontrolled in Pakistan due to emergence of extensively drug resistant (XDR) strains.

Global consensus sequence development and analysis of dengue NS3 conserved domains.

The dengue virus (DENV) genome encodes 10 different genes including the NS3 gene, which has a protease and helicase domain used in virus replication. This domain is a potential target for antiviral agents against dengue. Due to a high mutation rate, DENV is classified into four major serotypes (DENV1-DENV4).

HBV induced HCC: major risk factors from genetic to molecular level.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a deadly and emerging disease leading to death in Asian countries. High hepatitis B virus (HBV) load and chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection increase the risk of developing HCC. HBV is a DNA virus that can integrate DNA into host genome thereby increase the yield of transactivator protein HBxAg that may deregulate many pathways involving in metabolism of cells.

Pattern of chromosomal abnormalities in adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Objectives: To study the pattern of chromosomal abnormalities in adult patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Study Design: A retrospective study.

Place And Duration Of Study: January 1998 to June 2005 at the Cytogenetics department, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi.