Cardiomegaly: Navigating the uncharted territories of heart failure - A multimodal radiological journey through advanced imaging, pathophysiological landscapes, and innovative therapeutic frontiers.

Cardiomegaly is among the disorders categorized by a structural enlargement of the heart by any of the situations including pregnancy, resulting in damage to heart muscles and causing trouble in normal heart functioning. Cardiomegaly can be defined in terms of dilatation with an enlarged heart and decreased left or biventricular contraction. The genetic origin of cardiomegaly is becoming more evident due to extensive genomic research opening up new avenues to ensure the use of precision medicine.

Diagnosing adult and pediatric extrapulmonary tuberculosis by MPT64 antigen detection with immunohistochemistry and immunocytochemistry using reproduced polyclonal antibodies.

Diagnosing extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) is challenging. Immunohistochemistry or immunocytochemistry has been used to diagnose tuberculosis (TB) by detection of MPT64 antigen from various extrapulmonary specimens and has shown good diagnostic performance in our previous studies. The test can distinguish between disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) complex and nontuberculous mycobacteria and can be applied on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue.

Care-seeking pathways and diagnostic delays in extrapulmonary TB patients.

Setting: This study was conducted at a private tertiary hospital engaged with the TB control programme in the city of Lahore, Pakistan.

Objective: To assess the healthcare-seeking pathways, different delays and factors associated with delays among the patients who presented in the outpatient department with tuberculous lymphadenitis and pleuritis, the most common manifestations of extrapulmonary TB.

Design: This cross-sectional study was conducted prospectively from April 2016 to August 2017.

Identification of host biomarkers from dried blood spots for monitoring treatment response in extrapulmonary tuberculosis.

There is a lack of objective tools for monitoring treatment response in extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB). This study aimed to explore the utility of inflammatory biomarkers from the dry blood spots (DBS) as a tool for monitoring treatment response in EPTB. In a prospective cohort study, 40 inflammatory biomarkers were investigated in DBS samples from 105 EPTB cases using a Luminex platform.

Measles Induced Encephalitis: Recent Interventions to Overcome the Obstacles Encountered in the Management Amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Encephalitis, a well-known complication of measles, is inflammation of the brain parenchyma which is mostly due to the viral invasion of neurons. It presents with a variety of symptoms ranging from mild to severe depending on the extent of the damaged neurons. The diagnosis is based on clinical symptoms such as fever, headache, altered level of consciousness, focal neurological deficits, etc.

Joubert syndrome a rare entity and role of radiology: A case report.

Introduction And Importance: Joubert syndrome (JS) is defined by the characteristic set of cerebellum and midbrain abnormalities that communally result in the indicative "molar tooth sign" on the axial MRI report. The incidence of estimated to be from 1:80,000 to 1:100,000.

Case Presentation: Clinical features can be noticed shortly after birth that includes hypotonia episodic tachypnea and apnea that may be followed by developmental delays and speech apraxia.

The value of histological examination in the diagnosis of tuberculous lymphadenitis in the era of rapid molecular diagnosis.

Extrapulmonary tuberculosis often poses a diagnostic challenge. This study aimed to assess the value of histological examination in diagnosing tuberculous lymphadenitis (LNTB) when performed simultaneously with rapid molecular assay (Xpert MTB/RIF) testing. People presumed to have LNTB were prospectively enrolled in a tertiary care hospital.

Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs), Structural Characterization, and their Antibacterial Potential.

Background: In the field of nanotechnology, the metallic nanoparticles are of remarkable interest because of their unique electronic, magnetic, chemical, and mechanical properties.

Purpose: In the present work, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized using bio-reduction method.

Research Design: Silver nitrate was used as metallic precursor and the extract of leaves with different concentrations was used as reducing as well capping agent.

Investigation of the binding and dynamic features of A.30 variant revealed higher binding of RBD for hACE2 and escapes the neutralizing antibody: A molecular simulation approach.

With the emergence of Delta and Omicron variants, many other important variants of SARS-CoV-2, which cause Coronavirus disease-2019, including A.30, are reported to increase the concern created by the global pandemic. The A.

A protein coupling and molecular simulation analysis of the clinical mutants of androgen receptor revealed a higher binding for Leupaxin, to increase the prostate cancer invasion and motility.

Recently a novel coactivator, Leupaxin (LPXN), has been reported to interact with Androgen receptor (AR) and play a significant role in the invasion and progression of prostate cancer. The interaction between AR and LPXN occurs in a ligand-dependent manner and has been reported that the LIM domain in the Leupaxin interacts with the LDB (ligand-binding domain) domain AR. However, no detailed study is available on how the LPXN interacts with AR and increases the (prostate cancer) PCa progression.

Efficacy and Safety of Remdesivir in COVID-19 Positive Dialysis Patients.

(1) Background: Immune compromised hemodialysis patients are more likely to develop COVID-19 infections, which increase the risk of mortality. The benefits of Remdesivir, despite less literature support on its effectiveness in dialysis patients due to renal toxicity, can outweigh the risks if prescribed early. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of Remdesivir on the 30-day in-hospital clinical outcome of hemodialysis population with COVID-19 infection and safety endpoints of adverse events.

Integrative analysis reveals methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase 1-like as an independent shared diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in five different human cancers.

Background: Defects in methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase 1-like (MTHFD1L) expression have earlier been examined in only a few human cancers.

Objectives: Multi-omics profiling of MTHFD1L as a shared biomarker in distinct subtypes of human cancers.

Methods: In the current study, for the multi-omics analysis of MTHFD1L in 24 major subtypes of human cancers, a comprehensive in silico approach was adopted to mine different open access online databases including UALCAN, Kaplan-Meier (KM) plotter, LOGpc, GEPIA, Human Protein Atlas (HPA), Gene Expression across Normal and Tumor tissue (GENT2), MEXPRESS, cBioportal, STRING, DAVID, TIMER, and Comparative Toxicogenomics Database (CTD).

Predictors of slow clinical response and extended treatment in patients with extra-pulmonary tuberculosis in Pakistan, A hospital-based prospective study.

The optimal duration of treatment in different forms of extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) is not clearly defined. This study aimed to identify predictors of slow clinical response and extended anti-TB treatment in EPTB patients. Socio-demographic, clinical, and microbiological characteristics of EPTB patients registered for anti-TB treatment at a tertiary care hospital, were analysed for identification of predictors of extended treatment.

Enhanced serodiagnostic potential of a fusion molecule consisting of Rv1793, Rv2628 and a truncated Rv2608 of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Serodiagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) can be rapid, reliable and cost-effective if the issue of variable antibody responses of TB patients against different Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) antigens can be overcome by developing fusion proteins containing epitopes from multiple antigens of Mtb. In this study, Mtb antigens Rv1793, Rv2628, Rv2608 and a truncated variant produced by removing non-epitopic region from N-terminal of Rv2608 (tnRv2608), and the fusion protein Rv1793-Rv2628-tnRv2608 (TriFu64), were expressed in E. coli and purified.

Placenta accreta risk-antepartum score in predicting clinical outcomes of placenta accreta spectrum: A multicenter validation study.

Objective: To validate the use of placenta accreta risk-antepartum (PAR-A) score as a predictive tool of clinical outcomes of placenta accreta spectrum (PAS).

Methods: This is a prospective study, conducted in six PAS specialized centers in six different countries. The study was conducted between October 1, 2020 and March 31, 2021.

Molecular detection of extensively drug-resistant Typhi and carbapenem-resistant pathogens in pediatric septicemia patients in Pakistan - a public health concern.

To determine the prevalence of multidrug (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) pathogens from pediatric blood samples In total, 4543 children's blood samples were processed in the BacT/ALERT system. Confirmation of the isolates and MIC was determined in VITEK 2 system. Molecular identification of , and was done by PCR.

General practitioner's (GP) home management guidelines for COVID-19 patients: Guidelines.

Carefully developed guidelines for clinical practice serve as an important tool for desirable changes in health care of a country. They act as an important source of information for physicians as well as policy makers and educational institutions thereby improving the quality of care of patients. The outbreak of Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) in 2019 has placed a huge burden on health care system globally.

Detection of active mycobacterium tuberculosis at 6th month exit among declared successfully treated cases in Pakistan.

Objectives: Tuberculosis (TB) is a significant public health concern, and the basis of successful anti-tuberculosis treatment (ATT) rests on the complete eradication of live bacilli from a patient. This study was conducted to detect the live TB bacilli in Lowenstein Jensen culture media among exit cases of TB who were declared successfully treated, either cured or treatment completed.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted across Pakistan.

Isolation of non-tuberculous mycobacteria among tuberculosis patients, a study from a tertiary care hospital in Lahore, Pakistan.

Background: There is scarce knowledge on the prevalence of diseases caused by non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) in Pakistan. In the absence of culture and identification, acid-fast bacilli (AFB) causing NTM disease are liable to be misinterpreted as tuberculosis (TB). Introduction of nucleic acid amplification testing for Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) offers improved diagnostic accuracy, compared with smear microscopy, and also assists in differentiating MTBC from other mycobacteria.

Host biomarkers for monitoring therapeutic response in extrapulmonary tuberculosis.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to explore the utility of inflammatory biomarkers in the peripheral blood to predict response to treatment in extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB).

Methods: A Luminex xMAP-based multiplex immunoassay was used to measure 40 inflammatory biomarkers in un-stimulated plasma of 91 EPTB patients (48 lymphadenitis, and 43 pleuritis) before and at 2 and 6 months of treatment.

Results: Overall a significant change was observed in 28 inflammatory biomarkers with treatment in EPTB patients.