Fruit and Vegetable Intake of Females Before, During, and After Introduction of 3 Bundled Food System Interventions in Urban Vietnam and Nigeria.

Background: Low fruit and vegetable (FV) intake in low- and middle-income countries, which is associated with noncommunicable diseases and micronutrient deficiencies, requires food system interventions addressing FV accessibility, affordability, and acceptability. Periodic FV intake monitoring during interventions informs progress toward achieving increased intakes and contributes to understanding the effectiveness of these interventions.

Objectives: This study evaluates the trend in FV intake before, during, and after implementation of a set of nutrition-sensitive food system interventions addressing accessibility, affordability, and acceptability to increase FV consumption over a 1-y period in Vietnamese and Nigerian low-income urban and periurban females.

Viewpoint: Finance needs of the agricultural midstream.

Recent literature suggests that agricultural value chains are changing rapidly and places an increasing focus on the importance of actors and activities taking place in the "midstream" of these value chains, after production and prior to final sale. This article discusses the financial needs of midstream actors in agricultural value chains, emphasizing differences across midstream activities and highlighting how value chain characteristics can influence both financial needs and potential remedies. The paper concludes with a brief discussion of the prospects of digital financial services and policy levers for government actors in this space.

VEXAS syndrome: A review of bone marrow aspirate and biopsies reporting myeloid and erythroid precursor vacuolation.

Myeloid and erythroid precursor vacuolation is a common dysplastic finding associated with myeloid malignancies, toxins, drug, and nutritional deficiencies. It has been described as a core morphologic feature in VEXAS (vacuoles, E1 enzyme, X-linked, autoinflammatory, somatic) syndrome. We sought to determine the number of cases attributable to VEXAS syndrome in bone marrow biopsies and aspirates (BAMB) reporting myeloid precursor vacuolation.

Parents as Agents of Change in Managing Pediatric Obesity: A Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Cognitive Behavioral Therapy versus Psychoeducation Interventions.

Obesity interventions for parents of children with obesity can improve children's weight and health. This randomized controlled trial (RCT) evaluated whether a parent-based intervention based on cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) principles was superior to a parent-based intervention based on a psychoeducation program (PEP) in improving children's obesity. This study was a pragmatic, two-armed, parallel, superiority RCT.

Clinical care pathway for the evaluation of patients with suspected VITT after ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination.

Vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT) is a rare complication after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) adenoviral vector vaccination. In British Columbia (BC), Canada, a provincial clinical care pathway was developed to guide clinicians in evaluating for VITT among patients who present with thrombocytopenia or thrombosis symptoms within 4 to 28 days after adenoviral vector vaccine exposure. All patients had enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) testing for platelet factor 4 (PF4) antibodies, and all cases with positive PF4-ELISA or d-dimer levels ≥2.

Solvent-Detergent Plasma for the Treatment of Thrombotic Microangiopathies: A Canadian Tertiary Care Centre Experience.

Solvent detergent-treated plasma (SDP) is a pathogen-inactivated blood plasma, which in comparison to frozen plasma is associated with lower rates of allergic reaction, transfusion-associated lung injury, and viral transmission. SDP has been available in Canada since 2012. Data on SDP use in Canada remains limited.

Targeted pharmacotherapy after somatic cancer mutation screening.

Many patients with solid tumours are treated with targeted pharmacotherapy based on the results of genetic testing ('precision medicine'). This study investigated the use of targeted drugs after OncoFOCUS™+ screening in patients with malignant melanoma, non-small cell lung cancer and metastatic colorectal cancer, and then audited the results against the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines. Patients who were not indicated for targeted pharmacotherapy did not receive such treatment (99%, 100/101).

Using Intervention Mapping to develop the Parents as Agents of Change (PAC) intervention for managing pediatric obesity.

Background: Pediatric obesity has become increasingly prevalent over recent decades. In view of the psychosocial and physical health risks, and the high likelihood that children with obesity will grow to become adults with obesity, there is a clear need to develop evidence-based interventions that can be delivered in the health care system to optimize the health and well-being of children with obesity and their families. The aim of this paper is to describe the development, implementation, and planned evaluation of a parent-based weight management intervention designed for parents of 8-12 year olds with obesity.

Predictors of Short- and Long-Term Attrition From the Parents as Agents of Change Randomized Controlled Trial for Managing Pediatric Obesity.

Introduction: Attrition in pediatric weight management is a substantial problem. This study examined factors associated with short- and long-term attrition from a lifestyle and behavioral intervention for parents of children with overweight or obesity.

Method: Fifty-two families with children ages 6 to 12 years old and body mass index at or above the 85th percentile participated in a randomized controlled trial focused on parents, comparing parent-based cognitive behavioral therapy with parent-based psychoeducation for pediatric weight management.

Families' Perceptions of and Experiences Related to a Pediatric Weight Management Intervention: A Qualitative Study.

Objective: To examine parents' and children's perceptions of and experiences related to a Parents as Agents of Change (PAC) intervention for managing pediatric obesity.

Methods: Ten families were recruited from a PAC intervention. Participants were interviewed before (10 adults and 9 children), during (9 adults and 8 children), and after (8 adults) the intervention.

Lifestyle Behaviors of Parents of Children in Pediatric Weight Management: Are They Meeting Recommendations?

Objective: Our objective was to examine the lifestyle behaviors of parents of children in pediatric weight management.

Methods: Parents were recruited upon presentation of their children (body mass index [BMI] ≥85th percentile) to a pediatric weight management clinic. Parents' demographic, anthropometric, and lifestyle habit data were collected by self-report.

Don't tell on me: Experimental evidence of asymmetric information in transnational households.

Although most theoretical models of household decision making assume perfect information, empirical studies suggest that information asymmetries can have large impacts on resource allocation. I demonstrate the importance of these asymmetries in transnational households, where physical distance between family members can make information barriers especially acute. I implement an experiment among migrants in Washington, DC, and their families in El Salvador that examines how information asymmetries can have strategic and inadvertent impacts on remittance decisions.

Ready, set, go! Motivation and lifestyle habits in parents of children referred for obesity management.

Background: Parents play a fundamental role in helping children with obesity to make and maintain healthy lifestyle changes.

Objective: This study aimed to characterize stages of engagement to change nutrition and physical activity habits among parents whose children with obesity were enrolled in obesity management and examine differences in parents' own nutrition and physical activity habits according to their stage of engagement.

Methods: Medical records of 113 children (body mass index [BMI] ≥95th percentile) enrolled in an outpatient weight management clinic were reviewed for baseline (cross-sectional) data.

The CANadian Pediatric Weight management Registry (CANPWR): study protocol.

Background: Over recent decades, the prevalence of pediatric obesity has increased markedly in developed and developing countries, and the impact of obesity on health throughout the lifespan has led to urgent calls for action. Family-based weight management interventions that emphasize healthy lifestyle changes can lead to modest improvements in weight status of children with obesity. However, these interventions are generally short in duration, reported in the context of randomized controlled trials and there are few reports of outcomes of these treatment approaches in the clinical setting.

Characterizing severe obesity in children and youth referred for weight management.

Background: Severe obesity (SO) in pediatrics has become increasing prevalent in recent decades.The objective of our study was to examine differences in demographic, anthropometric, cardiometabolic, and lifestyle variables in children and youth with SO versus their less overweight/obese (OW/OB) peers.

Methods: A retrospective medical record review of 6-19 year old participants enrolled in an outpatient pediatric weight management clinic was conducted.

Predictors of metabolically healthy obesity in children.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of metabolically healthy obesity (MHO) in children and examine the demographic, adiposity, and lifestyle predictors of MHO status.

Research Design And Methods: This cross-sectional study included 8-17 year olds with a BMI ≥85th percentile who were enrolled in a multidisciplinary pediatric weight management clinic from 2005-2010. Demographic, anthropometric, lifestyle, and cardiometabolic data were retrieved by retrospective medical record review.

Modest treatment effects and high program attrition: The impact of interdisciplinary, individualized care for managing paediatric obesity.

Background: There is an urgent need to identify effective weight management interventions in real-world, clinical settings to improve the health of children with obesity.

Objectives: To determine the impact of individualized, interdisciplinary care on the weight status of children with obesity; to assess the relationship between clinical interactions and change in participants' weight status; and to document the degree of program attrition.

Methods: A retrospective medical record review of clinical and administrative data from a paediatric weight management clinic in Edmonton, Alberta, was performed, which included data from a group of five- to 18-year-olds (body mass index [BMI] ≥85th percentile) collected from 2008 to 2012.

Autologous and allogeneic stem-cell transplantation for transformed follicular lymphoma: a report of the Canadian blood and marrow transplant group.

Purpose: To determine whether autologous (auto) or allogeneic (allo) stem-cell transplantation (SCT) improves outcome in patients with transformed follicular lymphoma compared with rituximab-containing chemotherapy alone.

Patients And Methods: This was a multicenter cohort study of patients with follicular lymphoma and subsequent biopsy-proven aggressive histology transformation. Patient, treatment, and outcome data were collected from each transplantation center and combined for analysis.