Increased circulation of GII.17 noroviruses, six European countries and the United States, 2023 to 2024.

We report an increase in GII.17 norovirus outbreaks and sporadic infections of acute gastroenteritis in Austria, Germany, France, Ireland, the Netherlands, England and the United States during the 2023/24 season. A decrease in GII.

Sudden Infant Death Associated with Rhinovirus Infection.

A less than one-month-old infant with symptoms of rhinitis died unexpectedly in his sleep. He was not born prematurely and had no known underlying disease. Cerebrospinal fluid, nasopharyngeal and lung samples, and rectal swab were found to be positive for subgroup A rhinovirus, while the blood was negative.

Norovirus and sapovirus infections after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: is it worth it to look for them?

Norovirus (NoV) and Sapovirus (SaV) are potential causative agents of diarrhea after allogeneic HSCT but little is known in this population. We performed a retrospective analysis by RT-PCR of calicivirus (NoV and SaV), Human adenovirus (HAdV), rotavirus (RV), Aichi virus (AiV), enterovirus (EV), human parechovirus (HPeV) and Human bocavirus (HBoV) in the diarrheal stools of patients after allogeneic HSCT. 49/162 patients had positive viral assays: HAdV (17%), EV (7%), NoV (4.

Epidemiology of acute gastroenteritis in France from November 2019-August 2021, in light of reported adherence to COVID-19 barrier measures.

Since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, French health authorities have encouraged barrier measures and implemented three lockdowns to slow SARS-CoV-2 transmission. We aimed to examine the impact of these measures on the epidemiology of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in France, from November 2019 to August 2021. We describe trends in AGE indicators from syndromic surveillance and a sentinel surveillance network.

Respiratory tract outbreak modeling with case definition criteria: A proposal for a standardized clinical approach in nursing homes.

Objectives: This study aimed to monitor respiratory tract outbreaks in nursing homes (NH) by applying standardized case definition criteria, pathogen identification and estimated mortality impact.

Patients And Methods: This longitudinal, observational study described NH outbreaks with temperature (T°), upper respiratory sign, lower respiratory sign (LRS), general status deterioration, general signs, and mortality. Viral examinations allowed for analysis of developing outbreaks based on positive, negative, or no tests (Flu+/Flu-/NT-Flu).

Dynamics of norovirus genotype change and early characterization of variants in children with diarrhea in central Tunisia, 2001-2012.

Human noroviruses (HuNoVs), especially GII.4 strains, are a major cause of gastroenteritis epidemics in both children and adults. Stool samples were collected from 113 Tunisian children with acute gastroenteritis in 2001 and 2002 and were retrospectively tested for HuNoVs.

Prevalence and Genetic Diversity of Aichi Virus 1 from Urban Wastewater in Senegal.

Aichi virus 1 (AiV-1) has been proposed as a causative agent of human gastroenteritis. In this study, raw, decanted, and treated wastewater samples from a wastewater treatment plant in an urban area of Dakar, Senegal, were collected. AiV-1 was detected in raw (70%, 14/20), decanted (68.

Diagnostic Accuracy of Four Commercial Triplex Immunochromatographic Tests for Rapid Detection of Rotavirus, Adenovirus, and Norovirus in Human Stool Samples.

Noroviruses (NoV), rotaviruses (RVA), and adenoviruses (AdV) are the main viral agents responsible for acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in humans. We aimed to determine the diagnostic accuracy of four commercial immunochromatographic tests (ICTs) intended for the rapid and simultaneous detection of these three pathogens. Diagnostic accuracy of bioNexia Noro/Rota-Adeno (bioMérieux), Immunoquick NoRotAdeno (Biosynex), Rota+Adeno+Noro combo card (CerTest Biotec), and Rida Quick Rota/Adeno/Noro Combi (R-Biopharm) ICTs was assessed retrospectively using a collection of 160 stool specimens (including 43 RVA-, 47 AdV-, and 42 NoV-positive samples) from French patients with AGE and using molecular methods as the reference standard.

Large concomitant outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis emergency visits in adults and food-borne events suspected to be linked to raw shellfish, France, December 2019 to January 2020.

On 27 December 2019, the French Public Health Agency identified a large increase in the number of acute gastroenteritis and vomiting visits, both in emergency departments and in emergency general practitioners' associations providing house-calls. In parallel, on 26 and 27 December, an unusual number of food-borne events suspected to be linked to the consumption of raw shellfish were reported through the mandatory reporting surveillance system. This paper describes these concomitant outbreaks and the investigations' results.

Gastroenteritis and respiratory infection outbreaks in French nursing homes from 2007 to 2018: Morbidity and all-cause lethality according to the individual characteristics of residents.

Background: Gastroenteritis (GE) and respiratory tract infection (RTI) outbreaks are a significant issue in nursing homes. This study aimed to describe GE and RTI outbreaks with infection and all-cause lethality rates according to the individual characteristics of nursing home residents.

Methods: Clinical and virological surveillance were conducted (2007 to 2018).

Molecular surveillance of norovirus, 2005-16: an epidemiological analysis of data collected from the NoroNet network.

Background: The development of a vaccine for norovirus requires a detailed understanding of global genetic diversity of noroviruses. We analysed their epidemiology and diversity using surveillance data from the NoroNet network.

Methods: We included genetic sequences of norovirus specimens obtained from outbreak investigations and sporadic gastroenteritis cases between 2005 and 2016 in Europe, Asia, Oceania, and Africa.

Molecular prevalence of bovine noroviruses and neboviruses in newborn calves in Iran.

In this study, bovine enteric caliciviruses (BECs) were detected in 49.4% of a total of 253 stool specimens for diarrheic calves collected from 42 industrial dairy farms from March 2010 to February 2012. Genogroup III norovirus (NoVsGIII) were more prevalent (39.

Secular trends in incidence of acute gastroenteritis in general practice, France, 1991 to 2015.

We analysed 25 years of general practitioner (GP) visits for acute gastroenteritis (AG) surveillance in France, by the GP Sentinelles network. We searched for time trends of acute gastroenteritis incidence during winter periods. Data from emergency departments and drug reimbursement were additional data sources.

Viral prevalence and laboratory investigations of gastroenteritis in institutions for dependent people.

Objectives: Viruses are recognized as important agents of gastroenteritis outbreaks in institutions caring for dependent people. We aimed to define norovirus (NoV) and rotavirus (RV) immunochromatographic tests (ICT) and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) used in gastroenteritis investigations.

Methods: Fourteen sites were monitored from 2010 to 2015, with 360 laboratory investigations.

Challenging Investigation of a Norovirus Foodborne Disease Outbreak During a Military Deployment in Central African Republic.

In January 2016, a large-scale outbreak of acute gastroenteritis was reported among French armed forces deployed in the Central African Republic. Challenging investigations, conducted from France, made it possible to identify a norovirus genogroup II in both stool and food samples, confirming a norovirus foodborne disease outbreak. Infected food handler management is discussed.

Emergence of new recombinant noroviruses GII.p16-GII.4 and GII.p16-GII.2, France, winter 2016 to 2017.

An early increase in outbreaks of norovirus gastroenteritis characterised at the French National Reference Centre occurred this winter season. They were concurrent with an unusual pattern of circulating strains, with three predominant genotypes: the re-emergent variant GII.P4 2009-GII.

Norovirus GII.17 Outbreak Linked to an Infected Post-Symptomatic Food Worker in a French Military Unit Located in France.

In February 2016, an outbreak of gastroenteritis occurred in a French military unit located in Poitiers, France. Attack rate was of 34% (103/300). A case-control study identified association between illness and cake consumption.

A diverse group of small circular ssDNA viral genomes in human and non-human primate stools.

Viral metagenomics sequencing of fecal samples from outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis from the US revealed the presence of small circular ssDNA viral genomes encoding a replication initiator protein (Rep). Viral genomes were ∼2.5 kb in length, with bi-directionally oriented Rep and capsid (Cap) encoding genes and a stem loop structure downstream of Rep.

The molecular epidemiology of bovine rotaviruses circulating in Iran: a two-year study.

Bovine group A rotavirus (bovine RVA) is recognized as a major cause of severe gastroenteritis in newborn calves. The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence and identify the genotypes of circulating bovine RVA in newborn diarrheic calves. Two hundred fifty-three stool samples of diarrheic calves up to 1 month old were collected from 42 industrial dairy farms in two Iranian provinces during March 2010 to February 2012.

Outbreak of diarrhoeal illness in participants in an obstacle adventure race, Alpes-Maritimes, France, June 2015.

An acute gastroenteritis (AG) outbreak occurred among participants in an obstacle race in France in the summer of 2015. An investigation in two phases was conducted to identify the source of infection and document the extent of the outbreak. First, a message on a social media website asked racers to report any symptoms by email to the Regional Health Agency of Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur.

Prevalence and Genetic Diversity of Enteric Viruses in Children with Diarrhea in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.

Enteric viruses are a major cause of diarrhea in children, especially those under five years old. Identifying the viral agents is critical to the development of effective preventive measures. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and genetic diversity of common enteric viruses in children under five years old in Burkina Faso.

Evaluation of immunochromatographic tests for the rapid detection of the emerging GII.17 norovirus in stool samples, January 2016.

A novel GII.17 norovirus emerged in Asia in the winter of 2014/15. A worldwide spread is conceivable and norovirus diagnostic assays need to be evaluated to investigate if they adequately detect this emerging genotype.

Fatal case of acute gastroenteritis with multiple viral coinfections.

We report a fatal case of acute gastroenteritis in a child with autism spectrum disorder. Multiple viral coinfections were detected by PCR in the patient's stool and digestive biopsy specimens. As viral detection is not necessarily associated with symptomatic disease, a semi-quantitative approach using cycle treshold values was proposed for the clinical interpretation of PCR.

Rotavirus P[8] Infections in Persons with Secretor and Nonsecretor Phenotypes, Tunisia.

To determine whether rotavirus infections are linked to secretor status, we studied samples from children in Tunisia with gastroenteritis. We phenotyped saliva for human blood group antigens and tested feces for rotavirus. Rotavirus was detected in 32/114 patients.