Cultural competency of GP trainees and GP trainers: a cross-sectional survey study.

Objective: To assess the cultural competence (CC) of GP trainees and GP trainers. A cross-sectional survey study was conducted at the GP Training Institute of Amsterdam UMC.

Subjects: We included 92 GP trainees and 186 GP trainers.

Identification of frailty in primary care: accuracy of electronically derived measures.

Background: Routinely collected clinical data based on electronic medical records could be used to define frailty.

Aim: To estimate the ability of four potential frailty measures that use electronic medical record data to identify older patients who were frail according to their GP.

Design And Setting: This retrospective cohort study used data from 36 GP practices in the Dutch PHARMO Data Network.

Prolongation of the QTc interval is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases: The Hoorn study.

Background/objective: Prolonged heart rate-corrected QT interval (QTc) on the electrocardiogram (ECG) is maybe associated with the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), but the evidence is inconsistent. Therefore, we investigated whether baseline prolongation of the QTc interval is associated with CVD morbidity and mortality and its subtypes and whether glucose tolerance modifies this association in a population-based cohort study with a mean follow-up of 10.8 years.

Association of Intima-Media Thickness Measured at the Common Carotid Artery With Incident Carotid Plaque: Individual Participant Data Meta-Analysis of 20 Prospective Studies.

Background The association between common carotid artery intima-media thickness (CCA-IMT) and incident carotid plaque has not been characterized fully. We therefore aimed to precisely quantify the relationship between CCA-IMT and carotid plaque development. Methods and Results We undertook an individual participant data meta-analysis of 20 prospective studies from the Proof-ATHERO (Prospective Studies of Atherosclerosis) consortium that recorded baseline CCA-IMT and incident carotid plaque involving 21 494 individuals without a history of cardiovascular disease and without preexisting carotid plaque at baseline.

Identification of biomarkers for glycaemic deterioration in type 2 diabetes.

We identify biomarkers for disease progression in three type 2 diabetes cohorts encompassing 2,973 individuals across three molecular classes, metabolites, lipids and proteins. Homocitrulline, isoleucine and 2-aminoadipic acid, eight triacylglycerol species, and lowered sphingomyelin 42:2;2 levels are predictive of faster progression towards insulin requirement. Of ~1,300 proteins examined in two cohorts, levels of GDF15/MIC-1, IL-18Ra, CRELD1, NogoR, FAS, and ENPP7 are associated with faster progression, whilst SMAC/DIABLO, SPOCK1 and HEMK2 predict lower progression rates.

Prolongation of the heart rate-corrected QT interval is associated with cardiovascular diseases: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Conflicting findings have described the association between prolonged heart rate-corrected QT interval (QTc) and cardiovascular disease.

Aims: To identify articles investigating the association between QTc and cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality, and to summarize the available evidence for the general and type 2 diabetes populations.

Methods: A systematic search was performed in PubMed and Embase in May 2022 to identify studies that investigated the association between QTc prolongation and cardiovascular disease in both the general and type 2 diabetes populations.

Longitudinal association of electrocardiogram abnormalities with major adverse cardiac events in people with Type 2 diabetes: the Hoorn Diabetes Care System cohort.

Aims: To investigate the association of (changes in) electrocardiogram (ECG) abnormalities with incident major adverse cardiac events (MACE) in people with Type 2 diabetes (T2D) without pre-existing cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Methods And Results: A prospective longitudinal study of 11 993 people with T2D without known CVD from the Hoorn Diabetes Care System cohort. Annually repeated measurements (1998-2018), included cardiovascular risk factors, over 70 000 ECG, and self-reported cardiovascular events.

The prevalence of self-reported insomnia symptoms and association with metabolic outcomes in people with type 2 diabetes: the Hoorn Diabetes Care System cohort.

Study Objectives: We investigated the prevalence of self-reported insomnia symptoms in people with type 2 diabetes and assessed the association with metabolic outcomes and the mediating role of lifestyle factors.

Methods: In a prospective cohort of 1,272 participants with type 2 diabetes (63.4% male, age 68.

Kidney function measures and cardiovascular outcomes in people with diabetes: the Hoorn Diabetes Care System cohort.

Aims/hypothesis: Both manifestations of kidney disease in diabetes, reduced eGFR (ml/min per 1.73 m) and increased urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (UACR, mg/mmol), may increase the risk of specific CVD subtypes in adults with diabetes.

Methods: We assessed the prospective association between annually recorded measures of eGFR and UACR and the occurrence of myocardial infarction (MI), CHD, stroke, heart failure (HF) and cardiovascular mortality in 13,657 individuals with diabetes (53.

Content Validity of Patient-Reported Outcome Measures Developed for Assessing Health-Related Quality of Life in People with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: a Systematic Review.

Purpose Of Review: We aimed to systematically evaluate the content validity of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) specifically developed to measure (aspects of) health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in people with type 2 diabetes. A systematic review was performed in PubMed and Embase of PROMs measuring perceived symptoms, physical function, mental function, social function/participation, and general health perceptions, and that were validated to at least some extent. Content validity (relevance, comprehensiveness, and comprehensibility) was evaluated using COSMIN methodology.

The transferability and validity of a population-level simulation model for the economic evaluation of interventions in diabetes: the MICADO model.

Aims: Valid health economic models are essential to inform the adoption and reimbursement of therapies for diabetes mellitus. Often existing health economic models are applied in other countries and settings than those where they were developed. This practice requires assessing the transferability of a model developed from one setting to another.

Adherence to the Dutch healthy diet index and change in glycemic control and cardiometabolic markers in people with type 2 diabetes.

Purpose: To investigate whether adherence to the Dutch Healthy Diet index 2015 (DHD15-index) is associated with change in glycemic control and cardio-metabolic markers over two-year follow-up in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Methods: This prospective cohort study included 1202 individuals with T2D (mean age 68.7 ± 9.

Plasma protein glycosylation is associated with cardiovascular disease, nephropathy, and retinopathy in type 2 diabetes.

Introduction: Although associations of total plasma glycome (TPNG) with type 2 diabetes have been reported, little is known on the role of TPNG in type 2 diabetes complications, a major cause of type 2 diabetes-related morbidity and mortality. Here, we assessed TPNG in relation to type 2 diabetes complications in subsamples of two Dutch cohorts using mass spectrometry (n=1815 in DiaGene and n=1518 in Hoorn Diabetes Care System).

Research Design And Methods: Blood plasma samples and technical replicates were pipetted into 96-well plates in a randomized manner.

Performance of prediction models for nephropathy in people with type 2 diabetes: systematic review and external validation study.

Objectives: To identify and assess the quality and accuracy of prognostic models for nephropathy and to validate these models in external cohorts of people with type 2 diabetes.

Design: Systematic review and external validation.

Data Sources: PubMed and Embase.

Serum Magnesium Is Inversely Associated With Heart Failure, Atrial Fibrillation, and Microvascular Complications in Type 2 Diabetes.

Objective: We investigated whether serum magnesium (Mg) was prospectively associated with macro- or microvascular complications and mediated by glycemic control (hemoglobin A [HbA]), in type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Research Design And Methods: We analyzed in 4,348 participants the association of serum Mg with macrovascular disease and mortality (acute myocardial infarction [AMI], coronary heart disease [CHD], heart failure [HF], cerebrovascular accident [CVA], and peripheral arterial disease [PAD]), atrial fibrillation (AF), and microvascular complications (chronic kidney disease [CKD], diabetic retinopathy, and diabetic foot) using Cox regression, adjusted for confounders. Mediation analysis was performed to assess whether HbA mediated these associations.

Distinct Molecular Signatures of Clinical Clusters in People With Type 2 Diabetes: An IMI-RHAPSODY Study.

Type 2 diabetes is a multifactorial disease with multiple underlying aetiologies. To address this heterogeneity, investigators of a previous study clustered people with diabetes according to five diabetes subtypes. The aim of the current study is to investigate the etiology of these clusters by comparing their molecular signatures.

Prognostic models for predicting the risk of foot ulcer or amputation in people with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and external validation study.

Aims/hypothesis: Approximately 25% of people with type 2 diabetes experience a foot ulcer and their risk of amputation is 10-20 times higher than that of people without type 2 diabetes. Prognostic models can aid in targeted monitoring but an overview of their performance is lacking. This study aimed to systematically review prognostic models for the risk of foot ulcer or amputation and quantify their predictive performance in an independent cohort.

An elevated ankle-brachial index is not a valid proxy for peripheral medial arterial calcification.

Background And Aims: The ankle brachial index (ABI) is often used as a proxy for medial arterial calcification (MAC) in studies investigating MAC as a cardiovascular risk factor, but evidence supporting this hypothesis is sparse. This study aims to investigate the use of an elevated ABI as proxy for MAC, as visualized with computed tomography (CT).

Methods: Cross-sectional data of 718 participants with, or at risk of cardiovascular disease was used.

Discovery of predictors of sudden cardiac arrest in diabetes: rationale and outline of the RESCUED (REcognition of Sudden Cardiac arrest vUlnErability in Diabetes) project.

Introduction: Early recognition of individuals with increased risk of sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) remains challenging. SCA research so far has used data from cardiologist care, but missed most SCA victims, since they were only in general practitioner (GP) care prior to SCA. Studying individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) in GP care may help solve this problem, as they have increased risk for SCA, and rich clinical datasets, since they regularly visit their GP for check-up measurements.