and Chronic Health Risk Factors are Associated with Sex-Specific Preclinical Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Biomarkers.

Introduction: Two thirds of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients are female. Genetic and chronic health risk factors for AD affect females more negatively compared to males.

Objective: This exploratory multimodal neuroimaging study aimed to examine sex differences in cognitively unimpaired older adults on: (1) amyloid-β via 18F-AV-45 Florbetapir PET imaging, (2) neurodegeneration via T1 weighted MRI volumetrics, (3) cerebral blood flow via ASL-MRI.

Lifestyle empowerment for Alzheimer's prevention prescribed by physicians: Methods and adaptations to COVID-19.

The health care system is insufficiently capitalizing on the benefits of physical exercise in America's aging population. Few tools exist to help clinicians incorporate physical activity into their clinical care, and barriers limit older adults from initiating and maintaining exercise programs. The Lifestyle Empowerment for Alzheimer's Prevention (LEAP! Rx) Program has been designed to support providers and participants in lifestyle change.

Sex differences in the role of sleep on cognition in older adults.

Study Objectives: The study aimed to investigate sex differences in the relationship between sleep quality (self-report and objective) and cognitive function across three domains (executive function, verbal memory, and attention) in older adults.

Methods: We analyzed cross-sectional data from 207 participants with normal cognition (NC) or mild cognitive impairment (89 males and 118 females) aged over 60 years. The relationship between sleep quality and cognitive performance was estimated using generalized additive models.

Lifestyle Empowerment for Alzheimer's Prevention Prescribed by Physicians: Methods and Adaptations to COVID-19.

The health care system is insufficiently capitalizing on the benefits of physical exercise in America's aging population. Few tools exist to help clinicians incorporate physical activity into their clinical care, while barriers limit older adults from initiating and maintaining exercise programs. The Lifestyle Empowerment for Alzheimer's Prevention (LEAP! Rx) Program has been designed to support providers and participants in lifestyle change.

Individualized Machine-learning-based Clinical Assessment Recommendation System.

Background: Traditional clinical assessments often lack individualization, relying on standardized procedures that may not accommodate the diverse needs of patients, especially in early stages where personalized diagnosis could offer significant benefits. We aim to provide a machine-learning framework that addresses the individualized feature addition problem and enhances diagnostic accuracy for clinical assessments.

Methods: Individualized Clinical Assessment Recommendation System (iCARE) employs locally weighted logistic regression and Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) value analysis to tailor feature selection to individual patient characteristics.

Analysis of the intensity of engagement with , a text message intervention for dementia caregiver support among Latinos/as.

Objectives: To examine the associations between participant intensity of engagement with a text message intervention, , and socio-demographic factors, acceptability measures, and clinical outcomes among Latino/a caregivers of individuals with dementia.

Methods: is a six-month, bilingual, and bidirectional intervention. We enrolled 24 Latino/a caregivers in a one-arm feasibility trial.

Sex Differences in the Role of Sleep on Cognition in Older Adults.

Study Objectives: The study aimed to investigate sex differences in the relationship between sleep quality (self-report and objective) and cognitive function across three domains (executive function, verbal memory, and attention) in older adults.

Methods: We analyzed cross-sectional data from 207 participants with normal cognition or mild cognitive impairment (89 males and 118 females) aged over 60. The relationship between sleep quality and cognitive performance was estimated using generalized additive models.

Differential effects of chronotype on physical activity and cognitive performance in older adults.

Introduction: Chronotypes reflect individuals' preferred activity and sleep patterns (e.g., "morning-types" vs.

Alzheimer's disease cortical morphological phenotypes are associated with TOMM40'523-APOE haplotypes.

Both the APOE ε4 and TOMM40 rs10524523 ("523") genes have been associated with risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and neuroimaging biomarkers of AD. No studies have investigated the relationship of TOMM40'523-APOE ε4 on the structural complexity of the brain in AD individuals. We quantified brain morphology and multiple cortical attributes in individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD, then tested whether APOE ε4 or TOMM40 poly-T genotypes were related to AD morphological biomarkers in cognitively unimpaired (CU) and MCI/AD individuals.

TOMM40 '523 Genotype Distinguishes Patterns of Cognitive Improvement for Executive Function in APOEɛ3 Homozygotes.

Background: TOMM40 '523 has been associated with cognitive performance and risk for developing Alzheimer's disease independent of the effect of APOE genotype. Few studies have considered the longitudinal effect of this genotype on change in cognition over time.

Objective: Our objective was to evaluate the relationship between TOMM40 genotype status and change in cognitive performance in the TOMMORROW study, which was designed to prospectively evaluate an algorithm that includes TOMM40 '523 for genetic risk for conversion to mild cognitive impairment.

Context-dependent sexual changes during women's midlife transitions.

For women, midlife represents an important stage of transition, including shifts in physiological, social, and sexual experiences. Prior research demonstrates that women's sexuality is more dynamic and context-dependent than men's. Most research focused on women's sexuality in mid- to later-life emphasizes physiological changes, while largely ignoring changes stemming from social, psychological, and relational contexts.

Distributional data analysis via quantile functions and its application to modeling digital biomarkers of gait in Alzheimer's Disease.

With the advent of continuous health monitoring with wearable devices, users now generate their unique streams of continuous data such as minute-level step counts or heartbeats. Summarizing these streams via scalar summaries often ignores the distributional nature of wearable data and almost unavoidably leads to the loss of critical information. We propose to capture the distributional nature of wearable data via user-specific quantile functions (QF) and use these QFs as predictors in scalar-on-quantile-function-regression (SOQFR).

A text message intervention to support latino dementia family caregivers (CuidaTEXT): feasibility study.

Objectives: To test the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of : a bidirectional text message intervention to support Latino dementia family caregivers.

Methods: is a six-month, bilingual intervention tailored to caregiver needs (e.g.

A Mitochondrial DNA Haplogroup Defines Patterns of Five-Year Cognitive Change.

Background: Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) may play a role in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and cognitive decline. A particular haplogroup of mtDNA, haplogroup J, has been observed more commonly in patients with AD than in cognitively normal controls.

Objective: We used two mtDNA haplogroups, H and J, to predict change in cognitive performance over five years.

Scalar on time-by-distribution regression and its application for modelling associations between daily-living physical activity and cognitive functions in Alzheimer's Disease.

Wearable data is a rich source of information that can provide a deeper understanding of links between human behaviors and human health. Existing modelling approaches use wearable data summarized at subject level via scalar summaries in regression, temporal (time-of-day) curves in functional data analysis (FDA), and distributions in distributional data analysis (DDA). We propose to capture temporally local distributional information in wearable data using subject-specific time-by-distribution (TD) data objects.

A Text Messaging Intervention to Support Latinx Family Caregivers of Individuals With Dementia (CuidaTEXT): Development and Usability Study.

Background: Latinx family caregivers of individuals with dementia face many barriers to caregiver support access. Interventions to alleviate these barriers are urgently needed.

Objective: This study aimed to describe the development of CuidaTEXT, a tailored SMS text messaging intervention to support Latinx family caregivers of individuals with dementia.

Continuous gait monitoring discriminates community-dwelling mild Alzheimer's disease from cognitively normal controls.

Introduction: Few studies have explored whether gait measured continuously within a community setting can identify individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study tests the feasibility of this method to identify individuals at the earliest stage of AD.

Methods: Mild AD (n = 38) and cognitively normal control (CNC; n = 48) participants from the University of Kansas Alzheimer's Disease Center Registry wore a GT3x+ accelerometer continuously for 7 days to assess gait.

Aerobic exercise improves hippocampal blood flow for hypertensive Apolipoprotein E4 carriers.

Cerebrovascular dysfunction likely contributes causally to Alzheimer's disease (AD). The strongest genetic risk factor for late-onset AD, (), may act synergistically with vascular risk to cause dementia. Therefore, interventions that improve vascular health, such as exercise, may be particularly beneficial for carriers.

Effect of aerobic exercise on amyloid accumulation in preclinical Alzheimer's: A 1-year randomized controlled trial.

Background: Our goal was to investigate the role of physical exercise to protect brain health as we age, including the potential to mitigate Alzheimer's-related pathology. We assessed the effect of 52 weeks of a supervised aerobic exercise program on amyloid accumulation, cognitive performance, and brain volume in cognitively normal older adults with elevated and sub-threshold levels of cerebral amyloid as measured by amyloid PET imaging.

Methods And Findings: This 52-week randomized controlled trial compared the effects of 150 minutes per week of aerobic exercise vs.

Rate of Perceived Exertion and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Older Adults with and without Alzheimer's Disease.

Exercise has many benefits for physical and cognitive health in older adults, yet there are many barriers to exercise adherence in this population. Subjective perception of exercise difficulty, or rate of perceived exertion (RPE), may especially be a barrier to exercise in individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD), due to changes in initiation and motivation that accompany changes in cognition and brain function. RPE is the most commonly used measure of subjective effort in exercise research, yet the relationship between RPE and objective fitness is not fully understood in older adults.

TOMM40 '523 Associations with Baseline and Longitudinal Cognition in APOE ɛ3 Homozygotes.

TOMM40 '523 is associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD), but APOE linkage disequilibrium confounds this association. In 170 APOE ɛ3 homozygotes, we evaluated relationships between short and very long TOMM40 alleles and longitudinal declines in three cognitive domains (attention, verbal memory, and executive function). We used factor analysis to create composite scores from 10 individual cognitive tests, and latent growth curve modeling adjusting for clinical status (normal, amnestic mild cognitive impairment, or AD) to summarize initial performance and change over three years.

Evaluation of waist-worn actigraphy monitors for the assessment of sleep in older adults with and without Alzheimer's disease.

Objectives: Evaluate differences in sleep characteristics between older adults with and without mild Alzheimer's disease using waist-worn actigraphy monitors.

Methods: Actigraph GT3X+ monitors and self-reported sleep and activity logs were used for one week and compared between older adults (N = 85) with (n = 35) and without Alzheimer's disease (n = 51).

Results: Participants with Alzheimer's disease had greater total sleep time and spent more time in bed than nonimpaired older adults.

The cause-effect relationship between bone loss and Alzheimer's disease using statistical modeling.

Background: Animal studies provide strong evidence that the CNS directly regulates bone remodeling through the actions of the hypothalamus via two distinct pathways, the neural (mediated by leptin) arm and neurohumoral (mediated by neurohormones and growth factors) arm. The impact of AD on central regulatory mechanisms of bone mass is not known.

Objectives: To test a model that assesses the relationship between hypothalamic atrophy and bone loss in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and potential mediation through neural (leptin) and neurohumoral (insulin-like growth factor -1, IGF-1) mechanisms.

Depressive symptoms as a barrier to engagement in physical activity in older adults with and without Alzheimer's disease.

Objectives: Physical activity shows promise for reduced risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and protection against cognitive decline among individuals with and without AD. Older adults face many barriers to adoption of physically active lifestyles and people with AD face even further challenges. Physical activity is a promising non-pharmacological approach to improve depressive symptoms, but little is known about the impact of depressive symptoms as a potential barrier to engagement in physical activity.