Biallelic TET2 mutations confer sensitivity to 5'-azacitidine in acute myeloid leukemia.

Precision medicine can significantly improve outcomes for patients with cancer, but implementation requires comprehensive characterization of tumor cells to identify therapeutically exploitable vulnerabilities. Here, we describe somatic biallelic TET2 mutations in an elderly patient with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) that was chemoresistant to anthracycline and cytarabine but acutely sensitive to 5'-azacitidine (5'-Aza) hypomethylating monotherapy, resulting in long-term morphological remission. Given the role of TET2 as a regulator of genomic methylation, we hypothesized that mutant TET2 allele dosage affects response to 5'-Aza.

Development and Validation of a Model to Identify Critical Brain Injuries Using Natural Language Processing of Text Computed Tomography Reports.

Importance: Clinical text reports from head computed tomography (CT) represent rich, incompletely utilized information regarding acute brain injuries and neurologic outcomes. CT reports are unstructured; thus, extracting information at scale requires automated natural language processing (NLP). However, designing new NLP algorithms for each individual injury category is an unwieldy proposition.

Association between county-level sociodemographic characteristics and county-level differences in opioid dispensing.

Background: While overall opioid prescribing has been decreasing in the United States, the rates of prescribing at the county level have been variable. Previous studies show that social determinants of health (the social and economic conditions in which we live) may play a role in opioid prescribing; however, researchers have not examined this relationship across US counties. This cross-sectional study seeks to determine whether county-level sociodemographic characteristics (e.

A Thematic Analysis of Overdose Prevention and Response Efforts in States Experiencing Declines in Rates of Opioid-Involved Overdose Deaths.

Objective: To address the opioid overdose epidemic, it is important to understand the broad scope of efforts under way in states, particularly states in which the rate of opioid-involved overdose deaths is declining. The primary objective of this study was to examine core elements of overdose prevention activities in 4 states with a high rate of opioid-involved overdose deaths that experienced a decrease in opioid-involved overdose deaths from 2016 to 2017.

Methods: We identified 5 states experiencing decreases in age-adjusted mortality rates for opioid-involved overdoses from 2016 to 2017 and examined their overdose prevention programs via program narratives developed with collaborators from each state's overdose prevention program.

State-led opioid overdose prevention efforts: Challenges, solutions and lessons learned from the CDC Prevention for States Program (PfS).

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Prevention for States (PfS) program funded 29 state health departments to prevent opioid overdose by implementing evidence-based prevention strategies. The objectives of this analysis were to describe the scope of activities implemented across the four PfS strategies and identify implementation challenges. PfS recipients submitted annual progress reports (APRs) to state support staff at CDC from 2015 to 2017.

Missed Opportunities for Addressing Intimate Partner Violence Through Microcredit: Qualitative Findings From Bangladesh.

Microcredit has shown mixed results when used to reduce intimate partner violence (IPV). This study explored microcredit and IPV in Bangladesh by conducting 12 focus groups with married men and women. Participants described challenges to microcredit participation highlighting "missed opportunities" for reducing IPV, including needs to (a) prevent violence sparked by loan disputes, (b) incorporate skill development to improve women's agency as a means of reducing IPV, and (c) mindfully engage men in the loan process to help address men's unequal gender ideologies.

Evidence for state, community and systems-level prevention strategies to address the opioid crisis.

Background: Practitioners and policy makers need evidence to facilitate the selection of effective prevention interventions that can address the ongoing opioid overdose epidemic in the United States.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review of publications reporting on rigorous evaluations of systems-level interventions to address provider and patient/public behavior and prevent prescription and illicit opioid overdose. A total of 251 studies were reviewed.

From the CDC: The Prevention for States program: Preventing opioid overdose through evidence-based intervention and innovation.

Introduction: Since 1999, overdose deaths involving opioids have substantially increased. In 2016, 42,249 opioid-related deaths occurred-a 27.7% increase from the previous year (Hedegaard et al.

A New Look at Care in Pregnancy: Simple, Effective Interventions for Neglected Populations.

Background: Although this is beginning to change, the content of antenatal care has been relatively neglected in safe-motherhood program efforts. This appears in part to be due to an unwarranted belief that interventions over this period have far less impact than those provided around the time of birth. In this par, we review available evidence for 21 interventions potentially deliverable during pregnancy at high coverage to neglected populations in low income countries, with regard to effectiveness in reducing risk of: maternal mortality, newborn mortality, stillbirth, prematurity and intrauterine growth restriction.

A novel technology to screen for cognitive impairment in the elderly.

Background: Traditional evaluation of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) can be costly, time consuming, and impractical for widespread screening. DETECT is a portable device developed to rapidly perform cognitive testing in diverse settings. This study compares DETECT with formal clinical assessment.

Music therapy and the effects on laboring women.

Wiand's (1997) study supported the use of music therapy to decrease pain and anxiety. The results of this study could be used to support a research utilization project to educate nurses on the potential benefits of music therapy among laboring women. Nurses and physicians could collaborate together to educate clients on music therapy to decrease pain and anxiety.