Unraveling the multi-faceted role of Rosmarinus officinalis L. (rosemary) and diosmetin in managing gut motility.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Rosmarinus officinalis L. (Rosemary) is a popular herb with reported effectiveness against diarrhea, anxiety and constipation, albeit with limited pharmacological evidence.

Aim Of The Study: The current study was aimed at evaluating the therapeutic potential, possible pharmacological mechanisms of action and active constituents of hydro-ethanolic extract of rosemary (Rs.

Cardiovascular disease risk stratification in the Pakistani population with and without metabolic syndrome: A single centre cross-sectional study.

Existing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk stratification algorithms are predominantly validated only for Western populations, and do not include parameters of metabolic syndrome (MetS) which may increase the relative risk for cardiovascular disease in South Asians. This study aimed to compare the differences between 10-year ASCVD risk by the Framingham Risk Score (FRS), Pooled Cohort Risk Equations (PCE), and QRISK3 calculators in a cohort of apparently healthy Pakistani adults and stratify the ASCVD risk by MetS status.A cross-sectional study recruited 179 subjects between the ages of 40 to 74 years from the outpatient department of the Aga Khan University Hospital between May 2019 to November 2022.

Prevalence and Predictors of Premature Coronary Heart Disease Among Asians in the United States: A National Health Interview Survey Study.

Identifying Asian subgroups with higher risk of premature coronary heart disease (CHD) can help implement targeted strategies to prevent future CHD events. We conducted this National Health Interview Survey study from 2006 to 2015 among participants with history of CHD to compare the risk of premature CHD (<65 for women and <55 years old for men) across Whites, Chinese, Asian Indians, Filipinos, and "other Asians" (Japanese, Korean, and Vietnamese individuals) using univariate and multi-variable logistic regression models. A total of 17,266 participants with history of CHD (mean age, 66.

Covid-19 pandemic-prevalence of depression, anxiety and insomnia during Covid-19 lockdown and its associated factors in Karachi, Pakistan.

We aimed to determine the frequency of depression, anxiety and insomnia; identify associated factors; and compare these outcomes amongst a privileged and underprivileged class of Pakistan. A cross-sectional online and face to face survey was conducted in Karachi from April 2020 to May 2020. Validated depression (World Health Organization self-reporting questionnaire), anxiety (general anxiety and depression scale) and insomnia (insomnia severity index) scales were used.

Analgesic and anti-inflammatory potential of four varieties of bell pepper (Capsicum annum L.) in rodents.

The aim of study was to evaluate the analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of four different colored (green, yellow, orange and red) sweet bell peppers (Capsicum annuum L.) available in the local market of Karachi Pakistan. Their 95% ethanol extracts at 200 and 400 mg/kg were prepared and compared with commonly used analgesic (aspirin) and anti-inflammatory agents supporting its traditional use.

Systematic Review of Polyherbal Combinations Used in Metabolic Syndrome.

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a multifactorial disease, whose main stay of prevention and management is life-style modification which is difficult to attain. Combination of herbs have proven more efficacious in multi-targeted diseases, as compared to individual herbs owing to the "effect enhancing and side-effect neutralizing" properties of herbs, which forms the basis of polyherbal therapies This led us to review literature on the efficacy of herbal combinations in MetS. Electronic search of literature was conducted by using Cinnahl, Pubmed central, Cochrane and Web of Science, whereas, Google scholar was used as secondary search tool.

Effects of Essential Oils of Grown in India and Guatemala on Gram-Negative Bacteria and Gastrointestinal Disorders.

The present study examined the chemical composition and antimicrobial and gastrointestinal activity of the essential oils of (L.) Maton harvested in India (EC-I) and Guatemala (EC-G). Monoterpenes were present in higher concentration in EC-I (83.

Multiple Mechanisms of Flaxseed: Effectiveness in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Materials And Methods: Aqueous-methanolic crude extracts of Flaxseed (Fs.Cr) and Flaxseed oil were tested against 6% acetic acid- (AA-) induced colitis in BALB/c mice. Microscopic damage parameters of the hematoxylin and eosin-stained and periodic acid-Schiff-alcian blue-stained sections of the colon were scored to be assessed.

Multiple Pathway-Mediated Gut-Modulatory Effects of (Gilg) DeWolf.

Background: Gastrointestinal disorders are often poorly managed, especially in developing countries, where there are limited resources and therapeutic options. Despite the rich diversity of medicinal plants that offer effective treatment options with fewer side effects, studies that provide scientific verification are lacking. (Gilg) DeWolf is among the plants claimed to have wide traditional medicine, use, including as a remedy against gastrointestinal problems.

Flaxseed extract exhibits mucosal protective effect in acetic acid induced colitis in mice by modulating cytokines, antioxidant and antiinflammatory mechanisms.

New treatments for inflammatory bowel disease are of interest due to high rate of remission failure. Natural products have been effective in IBD therapeutics as they have multiple constituents. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of Flaxseed extract (Fs.

Pharmacological basis for the medicinal use of Linum usitatissimum (Flaxseed) in infectious and non-infectious diarrhea.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Linum usitatissimum, commonly known as Flaxseed has traditionally been used for the management of diarrhea and gastrointestinal infections. This study was planned to assess pharmacological basis for the medicinal use of Flaxseed in infectious and non-infectious diarrhea.

Materials And Methods: The crude aqueous-methanolic extract of Flaxseed was studied using the in vivo castor oil-induced diarrhea, gut motility and enteropooling assays.

Over prescription of antibiotics for adult pharyngitis is prevalent in developing countries but can be reduced using McIsaac modification of Centor scores: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Although Group A beta hemolytic streptococcus (GABHS) can cause bacterial pharyngitis, the most common etiology is viral; despite this viral etiology, antibiotics are commonly prescribed for this infection in industrialized countries. We investigated the prevalence of GABHS in adult pharyngitis patients from lower socioeconomic settings in Karachi, Pakistan, how often antibiotics are prescribed for pharyngitis and if appropriate agents were used in a developing world setting. Finally, we wanted to see the usefulness of modified McIsaac scores in predicting positive cultures.