Preclinical obesity curriculum: audit, implementation, and evaluation.

Background: This study aimed to (1) evaluate the current status of obesity education at Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine (CWRU) (2), introduce a comprehensive first-year curriculum on obesity, and (3) assess the impact of the curriculum on self-reported attitudes and knowledge regarding obesity among first-year medical students.

Methods: The preclinical curriculum at CWRU was reviewed to determine the degree of coverage of Obesity Medicine Education Collaborative (OMEC) competencies for healthcare professionals, and recommendations were provided for revising the curriculum to better adhere to these evidence-based competencies. A survey on obesity attitudes and knowledge was given before and after the implementation of the new curriculum to measure intervention-related changes.

Towards sustainable and humane dairy farming: A low-cost electrochemical sensor for on-site diagnosis of milk fever.

Milk fever is a metabolic disorder that predominantly affects dairy animals during the periparturient period and within four weeks of calving. Milk fever is primarily attributed to a decrease in the animal's serum Ca levels. Clinical milk fever occurs when Ca concentration drops below 1.

Team-Based Learning Intervention to Improve Obesity Education in Medical School.

Introduction: Obesity is a multifactorial chronic disease and a major contributor to numerous health conditions. Despite the high prevalence, costs, and health effects of obesity, physicians are largely unprepared to treat it. Most medical students and residents lack sufficient training in obesity and obesity management.

Obesity preclinical elective: a qualitative thematic analysis of student feedback.

Background: Education about the prevalent chronic disease of obesity is still minimal and variable in medical school curricula. In a student-led effort with faculty support, the authors designed and implemented an obesity medicine elective at Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine (CWRU). The 10-week elective, taught by seven physicians and one dietitian, was offered in January 2023 to medical students and included: weekly lectures, an interactive session with a patient, shadowing in obesity medicine practices, attendance at a distance-learning intensive behavioral lifestyle program, student presentations, and a final written reflection.

Clinical and Sociodemographic Characteristics Associated with Emergency Peripartum Hysterectomy due to Puerperal Sepsis in Malawi.

Background And Objective: In Malawi, emergency peripartum hysterectomy continues to be routine for the management of puerperal sepsis. While the hysterectomy may be life-saving for the mother, it carries with it life-altering permanent sterility. The surgeon is left with a difficult dilemma: remove the infection source (uterus) to preserve the life of the patient at the cost of her fertility, or preserve the uterus and fertility but risk worsening infection and possible death for the patient.

Neutrophil DREAM promotes neutrophil recruitment in vascular inflammation.

The interaction between neutrophils and endothelial cells is critical for the pathogenesis of vascular inflammation. However, the regulation of neutrophil adhesive function remains not fully understood. Intravital microscopy demonstrates that neutrophil DREAM promotes neutrophil recruitment to sites of inflammation induced by TNF-α but not MIP-2 or fMLP.

Comparison of Physical Activity, Healthy Eating Habits, and Knowledge of Diabetes and Pre-diabetes in Rural Reservation and Off-reservation Communities.

Introduction: Residents in two small rural communities on the Northern Great Plains completed surveys to determine their community's needs for physical activity, healthy eating habits, and knowledge of diabetes/pre-diabetes.

Methods: One rural American Indian reservation (Community A) and one off-reservation (Community B) were selected for the study. Both communities had similar population size, medical clinic, pharmacy, grocery store and fitness center.

Reinventing the Pregnancy Wheel to Improve Pregnancy Dating and Antenatal Care Visits: A Pilot Randomized Trial in Malawi.

Background And Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of a customized, culturally sensitive pregnancy wheel given to pregnant women to improve gestational age dating accuracy at the time of delivery and to improve antenatal care attendance.

Methods: This was a pilot randomized trial involving pregnant women presenting to a regional hospital in Lilongwe, Malawi. The primary outcome was accuracy of gestational age at the time of presentation to the hospital in labor.

Non-adherence to labor guidelines in cesarean sections done for failed induction and arrest of dilation.

Objectives: In 2014, the American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology published guidelines for diagnosing failed induction of labor (FIOL) and arrest of dilation (AOD) to prevent cesarean delivery (CD). The objectives of this study were to determine the rate of adherence to these guidelines and to compare the association of guideline adherence with physician CD rates and obstetric/neonatal outcomes.

Methods: Retrospective cohort review of singleton primary cesarean deliveries for FIOL and AOD at a single academic institution from 2014 to 2016.

The Hope Health and Wellness Clinic: Outcomes of Individuals with Serious Mental Illness in a Bidirectional Integrated Care Clinic.

The integrated health home, the Hope Health and Wellness Clinic, provides comprehensive primary and behavioral health services to adult clients of a Community Mental Health Center in Aurora, Colorado. A program evaluation of the effectiveness of this clinic was conducted over a 4 year period. Physical health data (Body Mass Index BMI, HbA1c, cholesterol, blood pressure, and waist circumference measurements) and self-report data (social connectedness, everyday functioning, psychological distress, perceived health, satisfaction with services) were tracked across time.

Involvement of pharmacist-reviewed urine cultures and sexually transmitted infections in the emergency department reduces time to antimicrobial optimization.

Purpose: To streamline workflow of the culture review process in the emergency department (ED), a transition from a nurse-driven to a pharmacist-initiated process was implemented.

Methods: This was a single-center retrospective study conducted at an adult urban level 1 trauma academic medical center. The pharmacist-initiated culture review process was compared to the previous nurse-initiated process.

Association of weight loss with improved disease activity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: A retrospective analysis using electronic medical record data.

Objective: To evaluate the association between weight loss and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) disease activity.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of RA patients seen at routine clinic visits at an academic medical center, 2012-2015. We included patients who had ≥2 clinical disease activity index (CDAI) measures.

An exploration of lived religion in same-sex couples from Judeo-Christian traditions.

Religious involvement has been found to be associated with higher levels of commitment and relationship satisfaction among heterosexually married individuals (Mahoney et al., 1999). Little is known, however, about the religiosity of gay, lesbian, bisexual (GLB) individuals, and virtually nothing is known about religious involvement in same-sex couples.