Effect of epithelial-specific MyD88 signaling pathway on airway inflammatory response to organic dust exposure.

The Toll-like receptor (TLR) adaptor protein MyD88 is integral to airway inflammatory response to microbial-enriched organic dust extract (ODE) exposures. ODE-induced airway neutrophil influx and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines was essentially abrogated in global MyD88-deficient mice, yet these mice demonstrate an increase in airway epithelial cell mucin expression. To further elucidate the role of MyD88-dependent responses specific to lung airway epithelial cells in response to ODE , the surfactant protein C protein (SPC) Cre embryologic expressing airway epithelial cells floxed for MyD88 to disrupt MyD88 signaling were utilized.

Diverse students collaborating to address social determinants of health using listening sessions.

In this article, a Nursing Workforce Diversity grant-funded project examined the social determinants of health (SDH) including diverse high school and baccalaureate nursing students. All involved students were from educationally and/or economically disadvantaged backgrounds and/or underrepresented minority groups. The purpose of this article is to report the project outcome data and analysis gathered from students' experiences of SDH, using the collaborative method, listening sessions.

MyD88 regulates a prolonged adaptation response to environmental dust exposure-induced lung disease.

Background: Environmental organic dust exposures enriched in Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists can reduce allergic asthma development but are associated with occupational asthma and chronic bronchitis. The TLR adaptor protein myeloid differentiation factor88 (MyD88) is fundamental in regulating acute inflammatory responses to organic dust extract (ODE), yet its role in repetitive exposures is unknown and could inform future strategies.

Methods: Wild-type (WT) and MyD88 knockout (KO) mice were exposed intranasally to ODE or saline daily for 3 weeks (repetitive exposure).

Eigenstate-specific temperatures in two-level paramagnetic spin lattices.

Increasing interest in the thermodynamics of small and/or isolated systems, in combination with recent observations of negative temperatures of atoms in ultracold optical lattices, has stimulated the need for estimating the conventional, canonical temperature T of systems in equilibrium with heat baths using eigenstate-specific temperatures (ESTs). Four distinct ESTs-continuous canonical, discrete canonical, continuous microcanonical, and discrete microcanonical-are accordingly derived for two-level paramagnetic spin lattices (PSLs) in external magnetic fields. At large N, the four ESTs are intensive, equal to T, and obey all four laws of thermodynamics.