The assessment of myopenia and muscle biopsy in pediatric patients with liver disease awaiting liver transplantation - A cross-sectional analysis.

Little is known about the skeletal muscle characteristics (fibre type proportion and size, location of nuclei, presence of fat infiltration) in children with liver disease with radiologically determined myopenia (low muscle mass). During liver transplantation (LTx) surgery, biopsies from the rectus abdominis muscle were collected. Muscle fibre types (I, I/IIA, IIA, IIA/X, IIX) and CSA index (µm/m2) were determined using immunofluorescence staining.

Sarcopenia in Children Post Liver Transplant: Development of a Home-Based Video Program to Support Muscle Strength and Function-A Pre-Post Controlled Pilot Study.

Introduction: Sarcopenia is common in children after liver transplantation (LTx). Resistance training (RT) may be effective in combating sarcopenia.

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to test the feasibility and impact of a 12-week RT program on skeletal muscle mass (SMM), muscle strength, physical performance (PP), and child-parent perspectives about RT.

Challenges and physiological implications of sarcopenia in children and youth in health and disease.

Purpose Of Review: Highlight the controversies and challenges associated with a sarcopenia diagnosis in infants and children and the potential physiological mechanisms contributing to this disorder.

Recent Findings: Sarcopenia has been recently identified in infants and children with chronic diseases such as liver, cardiac, gastrointestinal, cancer and organ transplant recipients. However, there is no consensus regarding the definition of pediatric sarcopenia.

Exercise rehabilitation to treat sarcopenia in pediatric transplant populations.

Background: In adult transplant (Tx) populations, exercise rehabilitation strategies may improve sarcopenia components (muscle mass [MM], strength [MS], and physical performance [PP]). Limited data are available regarding exercise rehabilitation therapy in pediatric Tx populations.

Methods: The purpose of this review is to critically evaluate the feasibility and impact of exercise programs (EP) that include resistance exercise (RE) on markers of sarcopenia in pediatric Tx populations.

Skeletal muscle fibre morphology in childhood-insights into myopenia in pediatric liver disease.

Skeletal muscle morphology in healthy children changes with age. Liver disease may preferentially affect type II fibres in adults with end-stage liver disease (ESLD). More research is needed on the effects of ESLD on muscle morphology in children.

Health-Related Quality of Life 10 Years after Liver Transplantation: A Longitudinal Retrospective Review.

As survival post-liver transplantation (LTx) improves, it becomes increasingly important to understand how long-term health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is impacted. This was a longitudinal review examining HRQOL measured by Pediatric Liver Transplant Quality of Life (PeLTQL) in children between 8-17 years who underwent LTx (1.4 [0.

Sarcopenia in Chronic Liver Disease: Impact on Outcomes.

Malnutrition is a common complication in patients with end-stage liver disease (ESLD) awaiting liver transplantation (LT). Malnutrition and sarcopenia overlap in etiology and outcomes, with sarcopenia being defined as reduced skeletal muscle mass and muscle function. The purpose of this review was to identify the prevalence of sarcopenia with and without obesity in adults and children with ESLD and to assess the methodological considerations in sarcopenia diagnosis and the association of sarcopenia with pre- and post-LT outcomes.

Healthy Body Weights With Corticosteroid-free Immunosuppression Is the Best Predictor of Cardiovascular Health in Children After Liver Transplantation.

Introduction: Cardiometabolic dysregulation (CMD) influences morbidity and mortality risk in adults post-liver transplantation (LTx). CMD is reported in 10% to 25% of pediatric LTx recipients, but no information regarding the longitudinal expression of CMD is available. The study objective was to examine the longitudinal expression of CMD and associations with body composition and growth in children post-LTx.

Persistence of Sarcopenia After Pediatric Liver Transplantation Is Associated With Poorer Growth and Recurrent Hospital Admissions.

Introduction: Sarcopenia is prevalent in adults pre-liver transplantation (LTx) and post-LTx contributing to adverse outcomes. Little is known regarding the prevalence of sarcopenia in pediatric LTx recipients. This novel study examined sarcopenia prevalence and associations with post-LTx growth and healthcare utilization in pediatric LTx recipients.