The platelet and plasma proteome and targeted lipidome in postpartum dairy cows with elevated systemic inflammation.

Unregulated, systemic inflammation negatively impacts health and production in dairy cows. Soluble mediators and platelets have been studied for their expansive role in mediating inflammation. Our objectives were to compare the plasma oxylipin and endocannabinoid profiles, and the platelet and plasma proteomic profiles of healthy cows to cows experiencing elevated systemic inflammation as indicated by plasma haptoglobin (Hp) concentrations.

Dietary Phosphorus Levels Influence Protein-Derived Uremic Toxin Production in Nephrectomized Male Rats.

Gut microbiota-derived uremic toxins (UT) accumulate in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Dietary phosphorus and protein restriction are common in CKD treatment, but the relationship between dietary phosphorus, a key nutrient for the gut microbiota, and protein-derived UT is poorly studied. Thus, we explored the relationship between dietary phosphorus and serum UT in CKD rats.

Role of intestinal microbiota in the generation of polyphenol-derived phenolic acid mediated attenuation of Alzheimer's disease β-amyloid oligomerization.

Scope: Grape seed polyphenol extract (GSPE) is receiving increasing attention for its potential preventative and therapeutic roles in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other age-related neurodegenerative disorders. The intestinal microbiota is known to actively convert many dietary polyphenols, including GSPE, to phenolic acids. There is limited information on the bioavailability and bioactivity of GSPE-derived phenolic acid in the brain.