Trauma-informed patient and public-engaged research: Development and evaluation of an online training programme.

Introduction: As patients, members of the public, and professional stakeholders engage in co-producing health-related research, an important issue to consider is trauma. Trauma is very common and associated with a wide range of physical and behavioural health conditions. Thus, it may benefit research partnerships to consider its impact on their stakeholders as well as its relevance to the health condition under study.

Protocol for a collaborative randomised effectiveness trial of lay-delivered versus clinician-delivered behavioural activation in senior centres.

Introduction: Depression is common among community-dwelling older adults who make use of senior centre services yet remains undertreated due to a lack of acceptable and available treatments. Emerging evidence suggests that lay health providers can offer psychosocial interventions for mental health disorders experienced by older adults. We developed a streamlined Behavioural Activation intervention (called 'Do More, Feel Better'; DMFB) to be delivered by older adult volunteers and propose to compare its effectiveness to that of clinician-delivered behavioural activation (BA).

Behavioral activation for live-in migrant home care workers and care recipients in Israel: a pilot study.

In a growing global trend, individuals are migrating to other countries to live with and care for older adults with dementia. Although this trend addresses the geriatric workforce shortage, workers and older adults often experience distress. In a pilot study in Israel, six migrant care workers participated in a six-week group intervention in which they learned to increase valued, enjoyable activities for themselves and the older adult with whom they lived (behavioral activation).

A Pilot Study of Brief, Stepped Behavioral Activation for Primary Care Patients with Depressive Symptoms.

In a prior pilot study with primary care patients experiencing depressive symptoms, we observed positive outcomes for a behavioral activation protocol involving one visit and three calls. We aimed to pilot test a stepped version with flexible numbers of contacts. Fifteen primary care patients scoring 5-14 on the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 engaged in the three-tiered telephone-based intervention: (1) two calls (15-20 min each); (2) one 30-60 min encounter followed by two calls; and (3) one to six calls.

Enhancing care transitions intervention with peer support to improve outcomes among older adults with co-occurring clinical depression: a pilot study.

The Care Transitions Intervention (CTI) is an evidence-based intervention aimed at supporting the transition from hospital back to the community for patients to ultimately reduce preventable re-hospitalization. In a pilot randomized controlled trial, we examined the preliminary effectiveness of an Enhanced Care Transitions Intervention (ECTI), CTI with the addition of peer support, for a racially/ethnically diverse sample of older adults (age 60+) with co-morbid major depression. We observed a significant decline in health-related quality of life (HRQOL) after being discharged from the hospital among those who received CTI.

Screening and Priority-Setting to Determine Home- and Community-Based Aging Services for Older Floridians.

The National Aging Network serves millions of older Americans seeking home- and community-based services, but places others on waitlists due to limited resources. Little is known about how states determine service delivery and waitlists. We therefore conducted a process evaluation and analyzed data from one five-county Area Agency on Aging in Florida, where an algorithm calculates clients' priority scores for service delivery.

Longitudinal Analysis of Mortality for Older Adults Receiving or Waiting for Aging Network Services.

Objectives: For older adults screened by an Area Agency on Aging (AAA) in the National Aging Network, we aimed to examine the 12-month mortality rate for wait-listed callers compared with those who received services within 12 months, and to assess whether the mortality rate differed according to how quickly they received services.

Design: The design was a longitudinal analysis of 3 years of AAA administrative data, using survival analysis.

Setting: The data source was administrative data from an AAA spanning a five-county region in west central Florida.

Moving to a Continuing Care Retirement Community or Staying in the Community? A Comparison Between American and Israeli Older Adults.

Using the theory of diffusion of innovations, this study examined differences between American and Israeli older adults who decided to move to continuing care retirement communities (CCRC) and American and Israeli older adults who decided to stay at home. A total of 101 American participants (52 residents, 49 nonresidents) and 154 Israeli participants (104 residents, 50 nonresidents) completed measures of attitudes toward CCRCs, well-being, limitations in daily living, health status, proximity to services, and collectivism. Americans were more likely to relocate to CCRCs compared with staying at home when they reported positive attitudes toward CCRCs, higher well-being, and poorer subjective health.

Self-perceptions of aging mediate the longitudinal relationship of hopelessness and depressive symptoms.

Objectives: The purpose of the current study was to examine the hypothesis that the prospective relationship between hopelessness and depressive symptoms is mediated by self-perceptions of aging.

Methods: Data from 3 waves of the US Health and Retirement Study (2008, 2012, and 2014) were used (N = 4606; age M = 65.3, 55.

Peer Education: Productive Engagement for Older African Americans in Recovery From Depression.

Background And Objectives: Older adults who have personal experience with the mental health service delivery system gain unique and potentially valuable insight from their treatment experiences. Research suggests that incorporating trained individuals in recovery from a mental illness (i.e.

Grip strength and quality of life in the second half of life: hope as a moderator.

Objectives: The purpose of the current study was to investigate grip strength, hope, and their interaction as predictors of quality of life four years later in a nationally representative sample of older adults.

Method: Data were derived from the first (2005-2006) and second wave (2009) of the Israeli component of the Survey of Health Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE; N = 344). Hope was measured by three items from the Hope   Scale, and quality of life was measured by the CASP-12 (Control, Autonomy, Self-Realization, and Pleasure).

Longitudinal associations of hopelessness and loneliness in older adults: results from the US health and retirement study.

Background: Hopelessness and loneliness are potent risk factors for poor mental and physical health in later life, although the nature of their relationships with each other over time is not clear. The aim of the current study was to examine relationships between hopelessness and loneliness over an eight-year study period.

Methods: Three waves of data from the US Health and Retirement Study (2006, 2010, 2014) were used to test a cross-lagged model of hopelessness and loneliness (N = 7,831), which allows for the simultaneous evaluation of the reciprocal associations of loneliness and hopelessness.

One-Visit Behavioral Intervention for Older Primary Care Patients with Mild to Moderate Depressive Symptoms.

Objectives: We pilot tested a one-visit behavioral intervention with telephone follow-up for older primary care patients with mild to moderate depressive symptoms.

Methods: A total of 16 English-speaking primary care patients aged 60 years and older who scored 5 to 14 on the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) engaged in the intervention visit. Outcomes were assessed at baseline and 4 weeks: activity goals, readiness to change (University of Rhode Island Change Assessment), PHQ-9, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.

Trajectories of depressive symptoms in community-dwelling older adults: A six-month longitudinal study with monthly assessment.

Background: This study aimed to examine six-month trajectories of depressive symptoms and their predictors for community-dwelling older adults. Innovations included monthly assessments, examination of non-linear trajectories, and inclusion of coping styles as predictors.

Method: Data were derived from a six-month longitudinal study of 144 community-dwelling older adults with depressive symptoms (Short-Geriatric Depression Scale [S-GDS]≥5) with seven waves of data.

Interventions to Increase Retention in Mental Health Services: A Systematic Review.

Objective: Several systematic reviews have evaluated interventions that aim to increase mental health service initiation and engagement as well as adherence to pharmacological treatment. No reviews have focused on evaluating these interventions' effects on retention in mental health services, however, which was the goal of this systematic review.

Methods: PubMed, PsycINFO, and Social Services Abstracts were searched for studies that met the inclusion criteria.

Improving home-based providers' communication to primary care providers to enhance care coordination.

Objectives: Health care system fragmentation is a pervasive problem. Research has not delineated concrete behavioral strategies to guide providers to communicate with personnel in other organizations to coordinate care. We addressed this gap within a particular context: home-based providers delivering depression care management (DCM) to older adults requiring coordination with primary care personnel.

Behavioral Health and Adjustment to College Life for Student Service Members/Veterans.

Objective: Increasing numbers of student service members/veterans (SSM/Vs) are enrolling in college. However, little is known about how their previous military experience affects their adjustment to this new role. The present study tested the hypothesis that SSM/Vs who report adjustment problems in college have a higher incidence of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, and other behavioral health problems compared with those who do not report adjustment problems.

Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment for Older Adults With Substance Misuse.

Objectives. We compared substance use and SBIRT (Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment) services received for older adults screened by the Florida BRITE (BRief Intervention and Treatment of Elders) Project, across 4 categories of service providers. Methods.

Six-month utilization of psychotherapy by older adults with depressive symptoms.

We explored psychotherapy utilization patterns for community-dwelling older adults with depressive symptoms identified during a statewide initiative designed for identifying risk of substance misuse. Individuals screening negative for substance misuse, but positive for depressive symptoms, agreed to participate in monthly interviews conducted over 6 months (n = 144). Results showed that 39 (27%) received psychotherapy, of which nearly two-thirds reported four or fewer visits.

Older adults display concurrent but not delayed associations between life stressors and depressive symptoms: a microlongitudinal study.

Objectives: The present study investigated the temporal association between life event stressors relevant to older adults and depressive symptoms using a micro-longitudinal design (i.e., monthly increments over a six-month period).

Insomnia and health services utilization in middle-aged and older adults: results from the Health and Retirement Study.

Background: Complaints of poor sleep are common among older adults. We investigated the prospective association between insomnia symptoms and hospitalization, use of home health care services, use of nursing homes, and use of any of these services in a population-based study of middle-aged and older adults.

Methods: We studied 14,355 adults aged 55 and older enrolled in the 2006 and 2008 waves of the Health and Retirement Study.