The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education 20-Year Trends in Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion in the United States: How Does Neurological Surgery Compare?

Background: Within the current medical workforce, diversity is limited among surgical specialties. However, diversity allows physicians to provide culturally competent care. This paper discusses the trends in racial, ethnic, and gender representation within different surgical subspecialties with an emphasis on neurosurgery over a 20-year time frame.

Current Practices in and Barriers to Physiotherapists' Use of Resistance Exercise with Older Adults in Acute Care.

The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to describe physiotherapists' current use of resistance exercise (REx) with older adults in acute care and to identify barriers to its use with this population. We developed an online questionnaire guided by the theoretical domains framework and distributed it to physiotherapists across British Columbia. We used thematic analysis to code open-text questionnaire responses.

Monitoring Treatment Effectiveness in Intracranial Arteriovenous Shunt Lesions: Emerging Role of Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Venography for Intracranial Arteriovenous Shunts.

Background: Quantitative magnetic resonance angiography (qMRA) using noninvasive optimal vessel analysis (NOVA) is a novel noninvasive imaging technique that is being increasingly used to measure blood flow in extracranial and intracranial arteries. By providing important quantitative flow data, NOVA qMRA can facilitate the management of cerebrovascular disease. While the same technology can also be applied to measure flow in intracranial and extracranial veins, NOVA quantitative MRV (qMRV) is only rarely used in neurovascular practice.

Moyamoya-Related Stroke Risk During Pregnancy: An Evidence-Based Reappraisal.

Background: Moyamoya is a rare, yet classic etiology of stroke in young adults, affecting predominately women of childbearing age. The impact of pregnancy on the natural history of symptomatic moyamoya remains a matter of extensive debate, however.

Methods: In October 2017, a MEDLINE search was performed using 14 keywords.